蛇姓(xing)(讀作shé或yí),中國罕見(jian)姓(xing)氏(shi)。是個(ge)多(duo)民族(zu)姓(xing)氏(shi),今漢、苗、傈(li)僳族(zu)均有此姓(xing)。起源很多(duo),但如今姓(xing)此姓(xing)的人(ren)數(shu)不多(duo),郡望有雁門、南安等。
1、蛇(she)(she)姓出自姜姓,為(wei)齊公族蛇(she)(she)丘氏之(zhi)后。春秋時齊國公族中有(you)個(ge)蛇(she)(she)丘氏,他(ta)的后代(dai)就(jiu)有(you)人以(yi)蛇(she)(she)為(wei)姓。東漢時就(jiu)有(you)一個(ge)太守名(ming)叫蛇(she)(she)邱。
2、春(chun)秋末(mo)年,楚平王有(you)個孫(sun)子(zi)叫田公它(ta)成(cheng),他的(de)子(zi)孫(sun)便把他的(de)名“它(ta)”作為了(le)姓(xing)氏(shi)。古代蛇字(zi)也(ye)寫作它(ta),所以,這(zhe)也(ye)是蛇姓(xing)的(de)一個來源(yuan)。由于它(ta)是個多音(yin)字(zi),后(hou)來就演變出了(le)它(ta)、蛇兩個姓(xing)氏(shi)。
3、源出(chu)羌人。后(hou)秦姚(yao)萇之妻蛇氏(shi),其族(zu)之后(hou)。
3、傈傈族(zu)姓(xing)夫扒氏(shi),以蛇為氏(shi)族(zu)圖騰,后來蛇成為氏(shi)族(zu)名(ming),因氏(shi)。
4、蛇(she)姓(xing)(xing)原是(shi)張(zhang)姓(xing)(xing)的分支,野史中(zhong)說當年洪秀(xiu)全在南京安慶保衛戰中(zhong)失(shi)利,灣沚(zhi)區的張(zhang)姓(xing)(xing)大量(liang)外逃(tao)。一(yi)支張(zhang)姓(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)逃(tao)到南陵和青陽交界處(chu)的山里,饑(ji)餓(e)難(nan)耐時,人(ren)(ren)群(qun)(qun)中(zhong)有一(yi)個老人(ren)(ren)發現一(yi)條大蛇(she),年輕人(ren)(ren)要(yao)抓來(lai)(lai)吃(chi),老人(ren)(ren)先是(shi)不許,但(dan)看(kan)一(yi)群(qun)(qun)人(ren)(ren)就要(yao)餓(e)死(si)了(le),只好對(dui)大家說,我們吃(chi)了(le)蛇(she),是(shi)它(ta)救(jiu)了(le)我們,就跟它(ta)姓(xing)(xing)吧。于(yu)是(shi)眾人(ren)(ren)吃(chi)了(le)大蛇(she)獲救(jiu),后來(lai)(lai)這支張(zhang)姓(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)改(gai)為姓(xing)(xing)蛇(she)。
東(dong)(dong)漢(han)中平(ping)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(188年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),分(fen)漢(han)陽郡(jun)豲(huan)道(dao)縣置南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun),領(ling)豲(huan)道(dao)(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan))、新興(xing)(析(xi)豲(huan)道(dao)縣置,治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)武(wu)山(shan)縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi))、中陶(析(xi)豲(huan)道(dao)縣置,治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)武(wu)山(shan)縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北鴛鴦鎮)3縣,轄域為今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣東(dong)(dong)部(bu)和(he)定西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣、武(wu)山(shan)縣一帶。建安(an)(an)(an)十九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(214年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢(fei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun),并(bing)入(ru)隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)。三國曹魏時復(fu)(fu)置南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun),屬(shu)(shu)涼州,仍(reng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豲(huan)道(dao)縣。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)晉初屬(shu)(shu)秦(qin)州;太康(kang)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(282年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢(fei)秦(qin)州,改隸雍州。太康(kang)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(286年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))秦(qin)州復(fu)(fu)置(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上邽,即今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)天水),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)之(zhi)。東(dong)(dong)晉大(da)興(xing)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(321年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)前涼河州(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枹罕),前秦(qin)因之(zhi)。后趙時南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)秦(qin)州,后秦(qin),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)屬(shu)(shu)之(zhi)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)時南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)移治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣東(dong)(dong)。北魏太和(he)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(486年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)改名南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)陽郡(jun),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桓道(dao)縣(今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)肅省(sheng)(sheng)隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)),領(ling)桓道(dao)、新興(xing)(轄域為今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)隴西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、漳(zhang)、武(wu)山(shan)3縣部(bu)分(fen)地域)2縣;北周復(fu)(fu)名南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)(an)郡(jun)。隋(sui)朝開皇三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(583年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))實行州轄縣制,廢(fei)郡(jun)。
戰國(guo)時(shi)趙武(wu)靈王置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),秦時(shi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所在善無,今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)舊代州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)寧(ning)武(wu)之北(bei)部(bu)、及朔(shuo)平(ping)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)、大同東部(bu)北(bei)部(bu)皆其(qi)境,漢亦為(wei)雁門郡治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善無,在今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)右玉縣南(nan)(nan),漢時(shi)郡轄:善無、沃陽、中陵、陰館、樓煩、武(wu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、劇陽、崞、平(ping)城、埒、馬(ma)邑,疆陰等縣。后(hou)漢移(yi)郡治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰館,在今(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)代縣西(xi)北(bei),三國(guo)魏(wei)移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廣武(wu),在今(jin)代縣西(xi)十(shi)五里,后(hou)魏(wei)移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)古(gu)上(shang)館城,即今(jin)代縣治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),隋開皇初(chu)廢郡為(wei)代州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),大業(ye)初(chu)復置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。唐時(shi)多次(ci)廢置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),宋時(shi)稱代州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)雁門郡,金(jin)時(shi)廢郡。
湖南(nan)寧鄉、華容、益(yi)陽(yang)、麻陽(yang)及廣東茂名、江(jiang)西廬山、上海(hai)、河北唐縣、寧夏同心、山西渾源(yuan)等地均(jun)有(you)此(ci)姓。在哈(ha)爾濱市千萬人(ren)口中(zhong),截至(zhi)2013年(nian)2月(yue)中(zhong)旬,查(cha)到蛇姓唯一(yi)一(yi)個家(jia)族,共10口人(ren)。
在(zai)東晉十六國(guo)中,有(you)(you)(you)個(ge)羌族建(jian)立的后秦,后秦國(guo)主姚萇的皇(huang)后姓蛇(she)(she)(she),南安(an)(an)(即現在(zai)甘肅的隴西(xi)縣)人。蛇(she)(she)(she)皇(huang)后有(you)(you)(you)個(ge)哥(ge)哥(ge)叫(jiao)蛇(she)(she)(she)越(yue)滂(一作(zuo)蛇(she)(she)(she)越(yue)),任南安(an)(an)太守;她(ta)還有(you)(you)(you)個(ge)本家侄子叫(jiao)蛇(she)(she)(she)玄,后來當(dang)了建(jian)武將軍。還有(you)(you)(you)蛇(she)(she)(she)平為臨晉太守。又有(you)(you)(you)蛇(she)(she)(she)節,為元時苗酋(qiu)。