大鰭魮(pi)(pi)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鯉(li),Hyphessobrycon megalopterus (Eigenmann, 1915),脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鯉(li)科魮(pi)(pi)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鯉(li)屬(shu)的(de)一個物種。魚體色為透明(ming)的(de)銀灰(hui)色,內(nei)部器官清晰可(ke)見,肩部有(you)一塊(kuai)明(ming)顯的(de)黑斑,眼眶(kuang)周圍有(you)一道(dao)金邊。奇特的(de)是雌魚有(you)一個絢麗的(de)紅色脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鰭。體長約(yue)3.6厘米。
奇特(te)的是雌魚有(you)一個絢(xuan)麗的紅色脂鰭。體長約3.6厘米(mi)。
幼(you)、成(cheng)魚不(bu)僅形態(tai)不(bu)同(tong),生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)習性也不(bu)相同(tong)。通常需求的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)境,魚苗和(he)幼(you)魚階(jie)段常喜群(qun)集于(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)流較(jiao)緩的(de)礫石之(zhi)間生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo),多在水(shui)(shui)體上層活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong),游(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)緩慢,半(ban)長成(cheng)的(de)魚則(ze)習慣(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)棲(qi)息在湖泊和(he)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)游(you),水(shui)(shui)體中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)層,活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)遲緩,成(cheng)魚多生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河上游(you),水(shui)(shui)體的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)層,行動(dong)(dong)(dong)矯(jiao)健。每年2月中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(雨水(shui)(shui)節前后),性腺(xian)接近成(cheng)熟的(de)親魚均要(yao)上溯到(dao)上游(you),于(yu)(yu)(yu)3-5月在急流中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁殖。長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)產卵場在金沙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、岷江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、嘉陵江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)等(deng)地。親魚產卵后仍在產卵場附近逗(dou)留,直到(dao)秋后退水(shui)(shui)時期,才(cai)回歸到(dao)干流深水(shui)(shui)處越冬。胭脂魚一般6齡(ling)可達性成(cheng)熟,體重約10公斤左右(you)。胭脂魚主要(yao)以底棲(qi)無脊椎動(dong)(dong)(dong)物和(he)水(shui)(shui)底泥渣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)有機物質為食,亦吃(chi)一些高等(deng)植物碎片和(he)藻類。