臥(wo)龍(long)山(shan)位于(yu)福建長(chang)汀(ting)縣城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)。《古今(jin)圖(tu)書集成·州府山(shan)川考》載:“環(huan)城(cheng)(cheng)四面皆平田(tian),就中突起一山(shan),不與群山(shan)相屬,如(ru)龍(long)盤(pan)屈(qu)而(er)臥(wo),故名(ming)(ming)。又名(ming)(ming)九龍(long)山(shan),亦(yi)名(ming)(ming)無境山(shan)”。自宋(song)以來即為汀(ting)州名(ming)(ming)勝(sheng),曾被稱為汀(ting)州八景(jing)之首。山(shan)上(shang)(shang)有北(bei)極樓、金沙寺、千松亭(ting)(ting)、風香亭(ting)(ting)、新樂亭(ting)(ting)等名(ming)(ming)勝(sheng)。尤以建于(yu)宋(song)代的(de)金沙寺較(jiao)完整地體現(xian)了(le)我(wo)國(guo)名(ming)(ming)山(shan)風景(jing)區的(de)寺觀建筑藝術(shu)。 登上(shang)(shang)金沙寺俯覽長(chang)汀(ting)城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei),名(ming)(ming)勝(sheng)古跡,東三盡收眼底。
北(bei)極樓(lou)(lou),又名玄武(wu)樓(lou)(lou),始建(jian)(jian)于明代,清康熙三十(shi)年(1691年)重建(jian)(jian)。坐北(bei)朝南(nan),土木結構,由門(men)樓(lou)(lou)、經樓(lou)(lou)、正殿組成。占(zhan)地2000平方米,正殿面闊3間,進深3間,單檐(yan)2層樓(lou)(lou)閣,臺梁(liang)式木構架,樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)左側墻上(shang)嵌有清康熙三十(shi)年重建(jian)(jian)北(bei)極樓(lou)(lou)碑記一方。
周邊公交信(xin)息:長(chang)汀1路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀2路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀3路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀6路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀7路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀8路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀9路(lu)(lu)
臥龍(long)山(shan)(shan)位于長(chang)汀(ting)城(cheng)北,又叫北山(shan)(shan)。長(chang)汀(ting)縣城(cheng)的環城(cheng)環繞臥龍(long)山(shan)(shan)一圈,臥龍(long)山(shan)(shan)是長(chang)汀(ting)城(cheng)中心。自宋以來即為汀(ting)州名(ming)勝,曾被(bei)稱為汀(ting)州八景之首(shou)。因(yin)“四(si)面平田,一山(shan)(shan)突起,不與(yu)群峰相(xiang)屬,如(ru)龍(long)盤屈而臥,中分(fen)九(jiu)支”,故名(ming)“臥龍(long)”,又叫“九(jiu)龍(long)天境”。山(shan)(shan)上有北極樓、金沙寺、千松亭(ting)、風香(xiang)亭(ting)、新樂(le)亭(ting)等(deng)名(ming)勝。
唐代(dai)(dai)古(gu)城墻從(cong)山(shan)頂向(xiang)東西兩邊各自蜿蜒(yan)而下,使(shi)城半壁高掛(gua)山(shan)巔,婀娜多姿,匯合(he)于汀(ting)江(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)濱,故(gu)有(you)“觀音掛(gua)珠(zhu)”之(zhi)(zhi)說。山(shan)后峭壁矗(chu)立,陡不可上(shang)(shang)。宋時在山(shan)巔又建(jian)(jian)金(jin)沙寺(si),明(ming)代(dai)(dai)崇禎年(nian)間知(zhi)府唐世(shi)涵重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou),又名玄武(wu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),還塑呂洞賓像以祀之(zhi)(zhi)。清代(dai)(dai)康熙、道光年(nian)間皆有(you)修葺(qi)。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內尚存《重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)碑(bei)記》,碑(bei)頭(tou)(tou)刻有(you)雙龍戲珠(zhu)圖紋。北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內還有(you)“雄鎮閩西”四字大(da)匾(bian)額。徐曰(yue)都詩云:“無境山(shan)高樓(lou)(lou)(lou)更高,虎頭(tou)(tou)回望白云遙,金(jin)沙萬(wan)戶春風早(zao),綠松清江(jiang)曉放橈。”民國(guo)二十(shi)四年(nian)又進(jin)行維修,布(bu)局由門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、正殿組成,占地面(mian)積2000平方米。1978年(nian),新建(jian)(jian)廟(miao)門(men),在藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)重(zhong)(zhong)塑十(shi)八羅漢。臥龍山(shan)在歷代(dai)(dai)中得(de)到人們的保護,山(shan)上(shang)(shang)芳(fang)草萋(qi)萋(qi),樹木(mu)蔥蘢,宛如(ru)翡翠玉(yu)屏。
臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)(long)(long)山(shan)四(si)周(zhou)有石(shi)徑直(zhi)通山(shan)頂(ding),而(er)從橫崗嶺南麓登(deng)(deng)巔更為便捷。拾階而(er)上,目不暇接,只見山(shan)花吐艷,青枝(zhi)蔥蘢,龍(long)(long)(long)鱗古(gu)松,挺拔(ba)直(zhi)立,山(shan)風(feng)過處,松濤陣陣。 東邊建有“東翹(qiao)舒(shu)(shu)嘯(xiao)”烽火(huo)臺,巍然(ran)屹立于臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)(long)(long)山(shan)東側嶺頭。沿(yan)襲清代(dai)汀(ting)州知(zhi)府(fu)王(wang)廷倫重建時(shi)取晉陶淵明“登(deng)(deng)東皋而(er)舒(shu)(shu)嘯(xiao)”之意,題額為“東翹(qiao)舒(shu)(shu)嘯(xiao)”之原名。城墻一(yi)直(zhi)修到東城墻的(de)張宅后門,長游覽者登(deng)(deng)上山(shan)頂(ding),停步歇息,讀古(gu)詩詞,品味無窮。 登(deng)(deng)上臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)(long)(long)山(shan)巔,放眼(yan)四(si)望,山(shan)如龍(long)(long)(long)盤曲(qu)而(er)臥(wo)(wo)于汀(ting)江畔,一(yi)頭扎在河岸邊,匍匐(fu)著喝汀(ting)江水。四(si)面群山(shan)環拱似(si)向臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)(long)(long)作揖(yi)行禮。氣勢雄偉(wei),蒼松直(zhi)聳云(yun)端,每(mei)當雨過天晴,白云(yun)繚繞,蔚(yu)為奇觀,故有“龍(long)(long)(long)山(shan)白云(yun)”之美稱(cheng)。宋(song)代(dai)汀(ting)郡太守郭祥正贊曰(yue):“臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)(long)(long)勝事堪圖畫,迥壓閩南七八州”。
臥龍(long)山東(dong)麓(lu)還有(you)(you)一處令(ling)人(ren)(ren)陶(tao)醉的風景,穿過東(dong)門后街背,沿一山谷拾級而上,可見兩(liang)山合抱,郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥(cong)蔥(cong),耳(er)邊鳥聲婉轉,松濤陣(zhen)陣(zhen),其境清(qing)幽宜人(ren)(ren)。行至(zhi)半(ban)山,濃陰處飛出屋檐(yan)翹角(jiao),這就是斗(dou)母閣。斗(dou)母閣始(shi)建于明代初年(nian)(nian),盛于萬歷年(nian)(nian)間,明清(qing)兩(liang)代均三(san)座廟有(you)(you)修(xiu)葺(qi),但至(zhi)上世(shi)紀四十年(nian)(nian)代圮塌(ta),僅存灶(zao)君廟。上世(shi)紀八十年(nian)(nian)代后人(ren)(ren)們捐(juan)資重(zhong)建,今有(you)(you)灶(zao)君廟、如是庵、觀音(yin)寺等宇(yu),觀音(yin)寺壯麗,塑(su)有(you)(you)金碧輝煌的千手觀音(yin),后殿是寬(kuan)敞(chang)雄偉的大雄寶殿。現在游人(ren)(ren)常(chang)往,絡繹不絕。