芒果视频

生長與分布

分布范圍

由于原(yuan)產(chan)地地理分布的(de)差異，在原(yuan)產(chan)中國的(de)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)中，樟子(zi)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、新(xin)疆五針松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、偃松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)最耐(nai)寒，對(dui)熱(re)量要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)最低(di)。紅(hong)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)對(dui)熱(re)量要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)也較(jiao)低(di)。赤松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、油松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、白皮松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、華山松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、高(gao)山松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、黃山松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、巴山松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)為暖溫帶和亞熱(re)帶高(gao)海拔(ba)地區樹(shu)種(zhong)，對(dui)熱(re)量要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)中等。馬尾松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、云南(nan)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、喬松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)和思茅松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)分布于更靠南(nan)的(de)地區，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)熱(re)量。

南亞松(song)(song)(song)(song)是熱帶松(song)(song)(song)(song)樹，對熱量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)最高(gao)。對濕(shi)潤條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，五(wu)針(zhen)(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)(song)一般高(gao)于二針(zhen)(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)(song)，但(dan)也因種而異(yi)。例如(ru)同為(wei)五(wu)針(zhen)(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅松(song)(song)(song)(song)和(he)(he)華(hua)山松(song)(song)(song)(song)，前者比后者要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)更濕(shi)潤的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)；同為(wei)二針(zhen)(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)赤松(song)(song)(song)(song)和(he)(he)馬尾松(song)(song)(song)(song)對濕(shi)潤狀況的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)高(gao)于油松(song)(song)(song)(song)和(he)(he)云(yun)南松(song)(song)(song)(song)。這與地理分布上隨經度(du)而發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)替代現象有關。

生長環境

土壤要求

松樹本身適(shi)應力較強，因而能夠在各種類(lei)型土(tu)壤中生長(chang)，但土(tu)壤仍會對松樹生長(chang)的(de)態勢產(chan)生直(zhi)接(jie)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，所以應盡量選(xuan)擇肥沃土(tu)壤區(qu)(qu)域(yu)種植(zhi)，才能夠保證松樹的(de)健(jian)康生長(chang)。如果是水(shui)分相對充足(zu)的(de)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，盡可(ke)能選(xuan)擇酸(suan)性土(tu)壤種植(zhi)松樹，但仍存(cun)在部分品種更(geng)適(shi)宜種植(zhi)在堿性土(tu)壤中。

耐陰性

絕大多數松樹(shu)(shu)(shu)喜歡(huan)光(guang)照，其外(wai)形(xing)(xing)具體表現(xian)在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠分布稀疏，自(zi)(zi)然整(zheng)枝(zhi)能力極強(qiang)，所以在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)理方面，其補償點就(jiu)(jiu)不會與其他樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高度相同。在(zai)(zai)成林(lin)過程當中，通常都(dou)(dou)會形(xing)(xing)成先鋒(feng)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。一旦原(yuan)始森林(lin)受到外(wai)力傷(shang)害，先鋒(feng)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)會迅(xun)速發(fa)展，替代(dai)原(yuan)有樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)位置，但其自(zi)(zi)身的(de)穩定性并(bing)不理想(xiang)。若松樹(shu)(shu)(shu)能夠形(xing)(xing)成特(te)定環境，耐(nai)(nai)陰性較強(qiang)且長(chang)壽(shou)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)會替代(dai)，最終(zhong)使其喪失自(zi)(zi)身獨特(te)優(you)勢(shi)。對(dui)于(yu)松樹(shu)(shu)(shu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)而言，大部分樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)都(dou)(dou)能夠互(hu)相進行替代(dai)，特(te)別是耐(nai)(nai)陰性理想(xiang)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，優(you)勢(shi)顯(xian)著。

抗旱性

在(zai)松(song)(song)樹(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)的(de)整個過(guo)程中，其抗旱(han)(han)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)極強，受其抗旱(han)(han)結(jie)構的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，這種類型的(de)松(song)(song)樹(shu)，其葉(xie)子狹窄而且角質(zhi)層較(jiao)為(wei)發(fa)達，葉(xie)片表面(mian)積與體積都相對較(jiao)小，而且氣孔通常(chang)都會出現(xian)下(xia)陷情(qing)況。但是，在(zai)組織發(fa)育方面(mian)相對理想，站在(zai)生(sheng)理角度分析(xi)，耐寒性(xing)與耐旱(han)(han)性(xing)很強，所以并不會受到缺水影(ying)響(xiang)而受到損(sun)傷。而站在(zai)生(sheng)態角度分析(xi)，松(song)(song)樹(shu)屬于最常(chang)見的(de)一種旱(han)(han)生(sheng)植物，，即便氣候(hou)條(tiao)件(jian)差異較(jiao)大的(de)區域，同樣能(neng)(neng)夠使(shi)松(song)(song)樹(shu)健康(kang)地生(sheng)存(cun)”。絕大多數(shu)松(song)(song)樹(shu)都在(zai)干旱(han)(han)條(tiao)件(jian)且土壤稀薄區域生(sheng)長(chang)，其中，二(er)針松(song)(song)與五針松(song)(song)相比，其抗旱(han)(han)能(neng)(neng)力更強。由此可見，若土壤當(dang)中的(de)含水量過(guo)大，會嚴重影(ying)響(xiang)松(song)(song)樹(shu)的(de)正常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)。

生長氣候

松(song)(song)(song)樹的(de)原(yuan)產地分(fen)布(bu)具有(you)顯(xian)著的(de)不同之處，一(yi)般情況下(xia)，樟(zhang)子松(song)(song)(song)與(yu)五針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)等(deng)具有(you)極強的(de)耐寒性，所(suo)以(yi)在種(zhong)植方(fang)(fang)面(mian)對(dui)于熱(re)量要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)并(bing)不高(gao)。而油松(song)(song)(song)、白皮松(song)(song)(song)與(yu)赤(chi)松(song)(song)(song)等(deng)屬于暖溫帶(dai)與(yu)亞熱(re)帶(dai)高(gao)海拔區(qu)域(yu)所(suo)特有(you)的(de)樹種(zhong)，因而對(dui)于熱(re)量的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)要(yao)(yao)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)于五針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)。馬尾(wei)松(song)(song)(song)、喬松(song)(song)(song)以(yi)及云(yun)南(nan)松(song)(song)(song)等(deng)主要(yao)(yao)分(fen)布(bu)于南(nan)方(fang)(fang)區(qu)域(yu)，其(qi)對(dui)于熱(re)量要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)會更(geng)高(gao)-一(yi)些(xie)。而南(nan)亞松(song)(song)(song)在所(suo)有(you)的(de)松(song)(song)(song)樹樹種(zhong)當(dang)中，其(qi)對(dui)于熱(re)量要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)最高(gao)。在濕潤(run)條件方(fang)(fang)面(mian)，五針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)和二針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)相比，在濕度方(fang)(fang)面(mian)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)更(geng)高(gao)，但(dan)同樣與(yu)樹種(zhong)存(cun)在緊密(mi)的(de)聯(lian)系(xi)。雖然(ran)(ran)華山松(song)(song)(song)與(yu)紅松(song)(song)(song)都(dou)是五針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)的(de)樹種(zhong)，但(dan)濕度要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)卻(que)存(cun)在不同之處，紅松(song)(song)(song)所(suo)需濕度更(geng)高(gao)。另外，五尾(wei)松(song)(song)(song)與(yu)赤(chi)松(song)(song)(song)都(dou)是二針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)，在濕潤(run)條件方(fang)(fang)面(mian)的(de)需求(qiu)仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)不同，與(yu)植物分(fen)布(bu)的(de)地理位置也存(cun)在一(yi)定的(de)關聯(lian)。

形態及特征

松樹(shu)較幼(you)時的樹(shu)冠呈金(jin)字塔形(xing)，樹(shu)枝(zhi)多呈輪狀(zhuang)著生(sheng)(sheng)。幼(you)苗出(chu)土(tu)、子葉(xie)展開(kai)以后，首先著生(sheng)(sheng)的為初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)，單生(sheng)(sheng)，螺旋狀(zhuang)排(pai)列，線狀(zhuang)披針形(xing)，葉(xie)緣具齒。初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)葉(xie)行使葉(xie)的功能1～3年后，才出(chu)現針葉(xie)，通常2、3、5枚成束(shu)，著生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)短枝(zhi)的頂端(duan)。每束(shu)針葉(xie)基部有葉(xie)鞘，早(zao)期脫落或宿存。葉(xie)肉組織中的樹(shu)脂道的位置在成年植(zhi)株比較恒(heng)定，可分為外生(sheng)(sheng)、中生(sheng)(sheng)、內(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)3種類型。

松(song)樹針葉橫切面(mian)中(zhong)可見1或2個維管(guan)束，特殊環(huan)境下(xia)可在(zai)雙維管(guan)束松(song)樹中(zhong)出現維管(guan)束合并(bing)的情(qing)況。球(qiu)花單性，雌(ci)雄同株(zhu)。球(qiu)果多數(shu)由(you)種(zhong)鱗組成(cheng)(cheng)，成(cheng)(cheng)熟后木質化。種(zhong)鱗的裸(luo)露增厚(hou)部分(fen)稱(cheng)鱗盾，鱗盾先端的瘤狀突(tu)起稱(cheng)鱗臍。有的樹種(zhong)鱗臍具刺，有的無(wu)。球(qiu)果成(cheng)(cheng)熟時種(zhong)鱗張(zhang)開，種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)脫落(luo)；但(dan)少(shao)數(shu)樹種(zhong)種(zhong)鱗則長(chang)期(qi)保持關(guan)閉狀態。每個種(zhong)鱗具種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)2粒，種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)上部具一長(chang)翅，少(shao)數(shu)具短翅或無(wu)翅。

松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)(shu)最明顯的(de)特征(zheng)是葉(xie)成針(zhen)狀(zhuang)，常2針(zhen)、3針(zhen)或(huo)5針(zhen)一(yi)(yi)束(shu)。如(ru)油松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、馬尾(wei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、黃山(shan)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)葉(xie)2針(zhen)一(yi)(yi)束(shu)，白皮松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)葉(xie)3針(zhen)一(yi)(yi)束(shu)，紅(hong)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、華(hua)山(shan)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、五針(zhen)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)的(de)葉(xie)5針(zhen)一(yi)(yi)束(shu)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)(shu)為(wei)雌雄同株植物，而且孢(bao)子葉(xie)成球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)果狀(zhuang)排列，形成雌、雄球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)花(hua)。雌球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)花(hua)單個或(huo)2一(yi)(yi)4個著生于(yu)新枝頂端，雄球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)花(hua)多數(shu)聚集于(yu)新枝下部。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)(shu)的(de)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)花(hua)一(yi)(yi)般于(yu)春夏(xia)季(ji)開放，但花(hua)粉傳到(dao)雌球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)花(hua)上后(hou)，要到(dao)第二年(nian)初夏(xia)才萌發，使雌花(hua)受精，發育成球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)果（俗稱松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)塔或(huo)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，不是果實）。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)果于(yu)秋后(hou)成熟，種鱗張(zhang)開，每個種鱗具(ju)兩(liang)粒(li)種子。

松(song)(song)屬植物(wu)中(zhong)的多數(shu)種(zhong)類是高大挺(ting)拔的喬木(mu)，而且材質好，不乏棟梁之材。中(zhong)國東北(bei)的“木(mu)材之王(wang)”——紅(hong)松(song)(song)、北(bei)美(mei)西部廣為(wei)分布(bu)(bu)的高大樹種(zhong)（高達75米）—西黃松(song)(song)、原產(chan)于美(mei)國加州(zhou)沿海生長速度(du)最快的松(song)(song)樹——輻射(she)松(song)(song)、原產(chan)于美(mei)國東南部的濕地松(song)(song)、美(mei)洲加勒比海地區原產(chan)的加勒比松(song)(song)、廣布(bu)(bu)于歐亞大陸西部和(he)北(bei)部的歐洲赤松(song)(song)等等，都是著名的用(yong)材樹種(zhong)。

松(song)(song)樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀賞價值也是有(you)目共睹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在中(zhong)國，從(cong)(cong)皇家(jia)古(gu)典(dian)園(yuan)林到現代居民(min)家(jia)中(zhong)都能見到松(song)(song)樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)倩影，例如北京北海、頤(yi)和園(yuan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)松(song)(song)、白(bai)(bai)皮(pi)松(song)(song)，樹樁盆景中(zhong)廣(guang)泛使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五針松(song)(song)等，一(yi)些(xie)名山勝地(di)，更是山以(yi)松(song)(song)壯勢、松(song)(song)以(yi)山出(chu)名。黃山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迎客松(song)(song)、華山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)華山松(song)(song)、長白(bai)(bai)山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美人松(song)(song)……無一(yi)不令游人贊嘆。另(ling)外(wai)，松(song)(song)樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樹根部位常(chang)(chang)常(chang)(chang)會有(you)大型真菌生長。它們有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是木(mu)腐(fu)菌，可(ke)以(yi)對松(song)(song)樹進行(xing)分解，造(zao)成(cheng)樹木(mu)根腐(fu)；有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是外(wai)生菌根菌，可(ke)以(yi)與松(song)(song)樹互換(huan)營養，防(fang)止樹木(mu)營養缺(que)乏(fa)，從(cong)(cong)而導致影響生長。成(cheng)熟后高達(da)45米(mi)，胸徑1.5米(mi)；樹皮(pi)紅褐(he)色(se)(se)，下部灰褐(he)色(se)(se)，裂成(cheng)不規則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鱗狀塊片；枝平展(zhan)或斜展(zhan)，樹冠寬塔形或傘形，枝條每年生長一(yi)輪，但(dan)在廣(guang)東(dong)南部則(ze)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)生長兩輪，淡(dan)黃褐(he)色(se)(se)，無白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)，稀(xi)有(you)白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)，無毛；冬芽卵狀圓柱形或圓柱形，褐(he)色(se)(se)，頂端尖，芽鱗邊(bian)緣絲狀，先端尖或成(cheng)漸尖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長尖頭，微反曲(qu)。

繁殖方式

松(song)樹的(de)(de)苗木繁育(yu)主(zhu)要采用(yong)(yong)種子(zi)育(yu)苗或(huo)者(zhe)用(yong)(yong)枝條進(jin)行(xing)扦插，此(ci)外，另有由我國研(yan)究人員創立的(de)(de)直接(jie)用(yong)(yong)松(song)樹的(de)(de)針(zhen)葉(xie)束進(jin)行(xing)無性系，苗木繁育(yu)的(de)(de)方法，即(ji)：針(zhen)葉(xie)束育(yu)苗。

價值及其他

觀賞

松(song)樹除經濟用途外，由于其樹姿(zi)雄偉、蒼(cang)勁(jing)，樹體高大、長壽(shou)，還具有(you)重要(yao)的(de)觀賞價值。它(ta)是中國(guo)很多風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)的(de)重要(yao)景(jing)觀成(cheng)分。如(ru)遼寧千(qian)山(shan)、山(shan)東泰山(shan)、江(jiang)西(xi)廬山(shan)都以(yi)松(song)樹景(jing)色而馳名(ming)。尤其是安(an)徽(hui)的(de)黃山(shan)，松(song)、云(yun)、石號稱(cheng)“三(san)絕”，而以(yi)松(song)為(wei)首。各地不少(shao)古(gu)松(song)與中國(guo)悠久的(de)歷史(shi)文化(hua)有(you)密切聯(lian)系。如(ru)北(bei)京(jing)北(bei)海團城有(you)一株(zhu)800年生的(de)古(gu)松(song)，傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)曾被清乾隆封為(wei)“遮陰侯”；泰山(shan)“五大夫松(song)”傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)是秦始皇(huang)登山(shan)在此(ci)避(bi)雨而被封以(yi)官爵的(de)。中國(guo)人民把松(song)樹作為(wei)堅定、貞潔(jie)、長壽(shou)的(de)象征。松(song)、竹(zhu)、梅世稱(cheng)“歲寒三(san)友”，喻不畏逆(ni)境、戰勝困難的(de)堅韌精神。

工業

按照結構特征(zheng)和(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)性，一(yi)般將松(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)分為軟木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)和(he)(he)硬(ying)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)。軟木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)（即單維(wei)管束(shu)亞屬(shu)）比較(jiao)輕軟，紋(wen)理均勻，強(qiang)度小，加工(gong)(gong)容(rong)易(yi)，早材(cai)(cai)至(zhi)晚(wan)材(cai)(cai)漸變，少翅裂。硬(ying)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)（即雙維(wei)管束(shu)亞屬(shu)）比較(jiao)重硬(ying)，紋(wen)理不(bu)均勻，強(qiang)度較(jiao)大，加工(gong)(gong)較(jiao)難，早材(cai)(cai)至(zhi)晚(wan)材(cai)(cai)急(ji)變，松(song)(song)(song)(song)脂含量高。但屬(shu)于(yu)軟木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)中的(de)海南(nan)五針松(song)(song)(song)(song)和(he)(he)華南(nan)五針松(song)(song)(song)(song)在強(qiang)度和(he)(he)容(rong)重上接近于(yu)硬(ying)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)松(song)(song)(song)(song)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)材(cai)(cai)可供建筑、電桿、枕(zhen)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、礦柱、橋梁(liang)、農(nong)具(ju)、器具(ju)、家具(ju)等多種用途。各種松(song)(song)(song)(song)木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)纖維(wei)素含量約(yue)為50～60%，木(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)質素為25～30%，為制漿造紙工(gong)(gong)業重要的(de)原料之一(yi)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)樹(shu)也可用作(zuo)薪炭(tan)材(cai)(cai)。

從(cong)(cong)松(song)(song)樹(shu)樹(shu)干割取松(song)(song)脂可(ke)(ke)以提(ti)取松(song)(song)香和松(song)(song)節油(you)。松(song)(song)樹(shu)種(zhong)子富含(han)蛋(dan)白質和油(you)脂，含(han)油(you)量都在30%以上(shang)，其中具食用(yong)價值的(de)(de)有(you)20種(zhong)，如產(chan)于中國(guo)的(de)(de)有(you)紅(hong)松(song)(song)、偃松(song)(song)、華山松(song)(song)等(deng)。紅(hong)松(song)(song)的(de)(de)種(zhong)子還(huan)可(ke)(ke)入藥(yao)，藥(yao)名“海(hai)松(song)(song)子”，是(shi)一種(zhong)滋養強壯劑。松(song)(song)樹(shu)的(de)(de)樹(shu)皮、種(zhong)皮富含(han)單寧(ning)，可(ke)(ke)浸水提(ti)取栲膠。樹(shu)皮經(jing)粉碎后，與其他原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)混合，加壓可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)成硬纖維板。此外還(huan)可(ke)(ke)從(cong)(cong)松(song)(song)樹(shu)針葉中提(ti)取松(song)(song)針揮發油(you)。針葉中含(han)有(you)較豐富的(de)(de)胡蘿卜素、維生(sheng)素、脂肪、蛋(dan)白質以及鈣、磷等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)礦質元素，可(ke)(ke)加工成飼料(liao)添加劑，用(yong)來飼養家禽、家畜。利用(yong)松(song)(song)枝、松(song)(song)根在窯內(nei)進行不完全的(de)(de)燃燒，可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)得松(song)(song)煙（見(jian)木材干餾），用(yong)于制(zhi)造墨(mo)、油(you)墨(mo)和黑色涂料(liao)。松(song)(song)枝和松(song)(song)根還(huan)是(shi)培養名貴藥(yao)材茯苓的(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)。

綜上所(suo)述，松針以其(qi)鮮為(wei)人知的(de)驚(jing)人功效(xiao)和覆蓋全國的(de)豐(feng)富資源，必將成保健產(chan)業革命的(de)標志性(xing)產(chan)品。

馬尾(wei)松的葉——松針有極大的藥用價(jia)值，最早由(you)孫思邈發現，主要是清除人體自由(you)基，可防暈(yun)車(che)，可煨水、泡(pao)酒，延(yan)年益壽。

藥用

松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)松(song)(song)樹藥用的(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)表部位(wei)，味(wei)苦、無毒、藥性溫和(he)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)提取(qu)(qu)物(wu)中(zhong)含有(you)(you)植物(wu)酵素、植物(wu)纖維(wei)、生(sheng)長激松(song)(song) 針(zhen)(zhen)素、蛋白質(zhi)、脂(zhi)(zhi)肪和(he) 2 4種(zhong)(zhong)氨基(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)，松(song)(song) 針(zhen)(zhen)具 有(you)(you)降(jiang)血(xue)(xue)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)中(zhong)含有(you)(you)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)β-胡蘿(luo)卜(bu)素、維(wei)生(sheng)素C、維(wei)生(sheng)素E，這三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)質(zhi)被稱為(wei)抗氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“金(jin)三(san)角”，三(san)者(zhe)共同保護人體組織(zhi)細胞免(mian)受氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)，延長細胞的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命。松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)提取(qu)(qu)物(wu)前花(hua)青(qing)素 (PCA)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)力(li)超強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)抗氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)劑，前花(hua)青(qing)素是(shi)世界上迄今為(wei)止文(wen)獻記載和(he)實驗室(shi)發現(xian)最強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)抗氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(抗衰老)物(wu)質(zhi)!它有(you)(you)優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)除多種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)害自(zi)由基(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功效，與其(qi)他(ta)植物(wu)抗氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)劑相比，前花(hua)青(qing)素對超氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)物(wu)陰離子自(zi)由基(ji)(ji)和(he)羥自(zi)由基(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)除能(neng)力(li)更勝一(yi)籌；松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)精油和(he)松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)黃(huang)酮有(you)(you)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水溶性，能(neng)和(he)松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)所含的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)飽(bao)和(he)脂(zhi)(zhi)肪酸(suan)(suan)透過(guo)血(xue)(xue)管壁進入(ru)血(xue)(xue)液：通過(guo)增加膽汁分泌(mi)，減少(shao)膽固(gu)醇(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積累，通過(guo)清(qing)除膽固(gu)醇(chun)，預防動脈硬化(hua)、擴張末梢血(xue)(xue)管、改(gai)善(shan)紅細胞攜(xie)氧(yang)(yang)能(neng)力(li)，促(cu)進人的(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)(xue)液循環。人類(lei)心(xin)腦血(xue)(xue)管疾病的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾大癥(zheng)狀：心(xin)絞痛、心(xin)悸、喘(chuan)息、浮腫(zhong)、暈眩、呼吸困(kun)難(nan)，飲(yin)用松(song)(song)針(zhen)(zhen)茶后，都得到(dao)了(le)改(gai)善(shan)多種(zhong)(zhong)實驗證明(ming)。