青荷藕(ou)表(biao)皮(pi)藕(ou)銹少、白嫩、光澤度好,肉質細膩、清脆爽口(kou)、甘甜無渣;黃熟藕(ou)淀粉含量高,熟食粉糯(nuo)香甜。
長(chang)興縣(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)質構造復雜,境(jing)內(nei)地(di)(di)層從志(zhi)留系(xi)(除三系(xi))至第四系(xi)均有出露。呂山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)位于(yu)長(chang)興縣(xian)(xian)東南部(bu)平原?區(qu)(qu),為浙(zhe)北低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵向太湖西(xi)岸平原過渡(du)的區(qu)(qu)域,地(di)(di)勢東低(di)西(xi)高(gao),屬水網平原地(di)(di)貌,全鄉(xiang)(xiang)總(zong)面積3850公頃,下轄9個行政村(cun),耕地(di)(di)1758公頃,塘面459公頃,桑地(di)(di)288公頃,物(wu)產豐富(fu),素有“魚米之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”之(zhi)稱,也(ye)是久負盛名(ming)的“水產之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、蠶(can)桑之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)”。
胥倉雪(xue)藕(ou)農產(chan)品(pin)地理標志地域保護(hu)(hu)范圍(wei)為:長(chang)興縣呂(lv)(lv)山鄉(xiang),轄呂(lv)(lv)山、楊吳(wu)、呂(lv)(lv)虹、土(tu)斗(dou)門、雁陶、金(jin)村(cun)、南楊、胥倉、龍(long)溪(xi)9個行政村(cun)。地理坐標為東(dong)經119°53′7.61″~119°57′52.93″,北緯(wei)30°52′8.28″~30°56′6.65″間。保護(hu)(hu)區域面積3850公頃,其中蓮藕(ou)面積267公頃,年產(chan)量(liang)6000噸。
青(qing)荷藕表皮藕銹(xiu)少(shao)、白(bai)嫩(nen)、光(guang)澤度好,肉質細膩(ni)、清脆爽口、甘甜無渣;黃熟(shu)藕淀粉含量(liang)高,熟(shu)食粉糯香甜。青(qing)荷藕淀粉含量(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)1.0 g/100g,總(zong)糖含量(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)3.0g/100g,粗纖維含量(liang)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)1%,氨基酸總(zong)量(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.6%。生(sheng)產(chan)、貯運、銷售過程(cheng)中,應嚴格執行“雙塘雪(xue)藕栽培技術(shu)規程(cheng)”浙(zhe)江省湖(hu)州市地方標(biao)準,確(que)保產(chan)品質量(liang)安全,并做好生(sheng)產(chan)、銷售等相關記錄(lu)。
胥倉雪藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)環境技(ji)術條(tiao)件(jian)應符合(he)(he)NY/T5010要(yao)求。選(xuan)擇(ze)水(shui)源充足、水(shui)流緩慢、漲落平穩、排(pai)灌便利、保(bao)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好、保(bao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)性(xing)(xing)(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘,耕(geng)作(zuo)層(ceng)深(shen)度≥40cm,pH值5.5~7.5。品種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze):胥倉雪藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)主(zhu)要(yao)品種(zhong)(zhong)為‘浙湖一(yi)號’、‘飄花(hua)’、‘鄂蓮(lian)(lian)6號’。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間:清(qing)明(ming)前(qian)(qian)后日平均氣溫升到(dao)13℃左右時(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘準備:種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)1~2天(tian)耖耙,平整(zheng)土壤。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)魚塘種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)第一(yi)年可不(bu)施(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),新開(kai)(kai)(kai)塘、連作(zuo)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)塘施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料作(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)(mei)畝施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腐熟(shu)農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1500kg~2000kg和復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)30kg~50kg。種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)選(xuan)擇(ze):選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)頂(ding)芽(ya)完(wan)(wan)整(zheng),具有(you)(you)2~3個(ge)完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節、無(wu)(wu)病(bing)斑,無(wu)(wu)機械損傷的(de)(de)(de)子藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)作(zuo)種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)方法:排(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)保(bao)持淺水(shui)3cm~5cm,斜(xie)(xie)植(zhi)(zhi),栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)度10cm~20cm,藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)頭向下(xia)呈20°~30°傾(qing)斜(xie)(xie),后節略翹起(qi)。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度:因栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培條(tiao)件(jian)和品種(zhong)(zhong)而異(yi)。早熟(shu)品種(zhong)(zhong)宜密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi),中晚(wan)熟(shu)品種(zhong)(zhong)宜稀。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)行(xing)(xing)株距1.5m×1.5m,每(mei)(mei)穴栽(zai)(zai)(zai)1支(zhi)或(huo)2支(zhi)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)管理(li)(li):立葉(xie)抽生(sheng)初期,每(mei)(mei)畝施(shi)尿素(su)10kg~15kg;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)初期,每(mei)(mei)畝施(shi)復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)20kg~30kg。封(feng)行(xing)(xing)前(qian)(qian),保(bao)持淺水(shui)10cm~15cm,提高(gao)土溫,促進(jin)萌發;隨著氣溫升高(gao),蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)發生(sheng)分枝、出現立葉(xie),逐(zhu)漸加(jia)深(shen)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)至(zhi)(zhi)20cm~35cm;展葉(xie)后至(zhi)(zhi)結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)前(qian)(qian),水(shui)位(wei)(wei)加(jia)深(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)80cm;結藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)時(shi)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)適(shi)當放(fang)淺,促進(jin)蓮(lian)(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)膨大。采(cai)(cai)收(shou):宜在主(zhu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)形成(cheng)2~3個(ge)膨大藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)節時(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始采(cai)(cai)收(shou)嫩藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),葉(xie)片(pian)黃熟(shu)后采(cai)(cai)收(shou)老熟(shu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),一(yi)直可采(cai)(cai)收(shou)到(dao)翌(yi)年春季(ji)萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)。主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)蟲:主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)害(hai)有(you)(you)褐斑病(bing)、腐敗病(bing)等(deng),主(zhu)要(yao)害(hai)蟲有(you)(you)蓮(lian)(lian)縊管蚜、斜(xie)(xie)紋夜蛾、福壽螺等(deng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)原則(ze):遵循(xun)“預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu),綜合(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)方針,優(you)先采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、物理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、生(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),科學(xue)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)低(di)毒(du)(du)低(di)殘(can)留化學(xue)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi):采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)病(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),及(ji)時(shi)清(qing)園消毒(du)(du),合(he)(he)理(li)(li)輪作(zuo),選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)病(bing)種(zhong)(zhong)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)等(deng)。殺(sha)蟲燈誘(you)(you)(you)殺(sha):用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)蟲燈誘(you)(you)(you)殺(sha)斜(xie)(xie)紋夜蛾等(deng)害(hai)蟲。性(xing)(xing)(xing)誘(you)(you)(you)劑(ji)誘(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu):將斜(xie)(xie)紋夜蛾性(xing)(xing)(xing)信息素(su)(性(xing)(xing)(xing)誘(you)(you)(you)劑(ji))放(fang)置于(yu)誘(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)器(qi)中,誘(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)器(qi)懸掛(gua)在植(zhi)(zhi)株上方25cm~30cm處,每(mei)(mei)畝放(fang)置誘(you)(you)(you)捕(bu)(bu)器(qi)1~2個(ge)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi):農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)應符合(he)(he)GB/T8321、NY/T1276要(yao)求。優(you)先使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),輪換選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)、低(di)毒(du)(du)、低(di)殘(can)留的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),禁止(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)國家明(ming)令禁止(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)和高(gao)毒(du)(du)、劇毒(du)(du)、高(gao)殘(can)留的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。