宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(yǔ wén)為復姓,炎帝神農氏(shi)后(hou)裔。主要來源中(zhong)國遼東,為南(nan)單于(yu)之(zhi)后(hou)。魏(wei)晉時(shi),北方鮮(xian)卑族(zu)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部落(luo),自稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)姓。東晉時(shi),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)進駐中(zhong)原(yuan),稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)國,以宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)為姓,稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)。
宇文姓早(zao)期活動在(zai)西(xi)北地區,南北朝(chao)時期逐步南下內遷。唐代時,他們入(ru)地為籍,遍及中原各地。宋后宇文氏已不常(chang)見。如今在(zai)河(he)北、陜西(xi)、山西(xi)、北京、浙江(jiang)、四(si)川、臺(tai)灣(wan)等地有少量分布。宇文姓人口(kou)排名第551位,人口(kou)約2.1萬(wan)人。
來自(zi)匈(xiong)奴族(zu),出自(zi)魏、晉(jin)時期遼東匈(xiong)奴南單(dan)于(yu)之(zhi)后,屬于(yu)漢化改姓為氏。
魏、晉兩朝時(shi)期(qi),北方鮮卑民族(zu)中(zhong)有一宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)部落(luo),原來是(shi)漢(han)朝時(shi)期(qi)南匈奴的(de)(de)一個分支,在東(dong)漢(han)晚期(qi)至(zhi)三國初期(qi)形(xing)成一個部落(luo)群體,族(zu)人自稱是(shi)炎帝神(shen)農氏(shi)的(de)(de)后裔。歷史上記載宇(yu)文(wen)部最早起(qi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)是(shi)史籍《周書》,其(qi)中(zhong)稱宇(yu)文(wen)部源(yuan)自神(shen)農氏(shi),因此應當來源(yuan)姜姓(xing)。
中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)史(shi)學界一般認為(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)公元1世(shi)紀時(shi)(shi)北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)被(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)擊走(zou)西遷(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),留在(zai)(zai)故地(di)漠北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)(dong)(dong)遷(qian)與鮮卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)混居(ju)以后(hou)(hou)(hou)被(bei)同(tong)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)族(zu)(zu)群,在(zai)(zai)這段期間(jian)該(gai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮卑(bei)(bei)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)檀石槐(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯盟,首(shou)(shou)領(ling)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮卑(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。因(yin)此,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)源自匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)而后(hou)(hou)(hou)揉合了鮮卑(bei)(bei)血統的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)。據史(shi)籍《后(hou)(hou)(hou)漢(han)(han)書》記(ji)載(zai),東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)和帝(di)年間(jian),當時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)將軍竇憲派右校尉(wei)耿(geng)夔擊破北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu),“鮮卑(bei)(bei)因(yin)此轉徙據其(qi)地(di)。匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)余種留者(zhe)尚有(you)十(shi)余萬落(luo),皆自號鮮卑(bei)(bei)。”在(zai)(zai)史(shi)籍《魏書》中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)“匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)種,出于遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)塞外,其(qi)先(xian)(xian)南(nan)單(dan)(dan)于遠屬也(ye),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。其(qi)語與鮮卑(bei)(bei)頗異。”按(an)史(shi)書的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai):宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先(xian)(xian)叫葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu),其(qi)先(xian)(xian)出自炎帝(di)神農氏(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)所滅(mie),子(zi)(zi)孫遁居(ju)朔野為(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)苗(miao)裔,實際上(shang)就是(shi)南(nan)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)某個單(dan)(dan)于的(de)(de)(de)(de)庶支(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)裔。葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)是(shi)公元一世(shi)紀人(ren)(ren)(ren),原居(ju)陰山(shan),是(shi)鮮卑(bei)(bei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu),東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期起其(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)裔子(zi)(zi)孫世(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮卑(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。在(zai)(zai)史(shi)籍《周書·文(wen)帝(di)紀》中(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載(zai):“葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)雄武多(duo)算略,鮮卑(bei)(bei)慕之(zhi),奉(feng)(feng)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。”葛烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)曰普(pu)回(hui),普(pu)回(hui)有(you)子(zi)(zi)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)莫(mo)那,約在(zai)(zai)公元一世(shi)紀北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)西遷(qian)時(shi)(shi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)莫(mo)那則(ze)(ze)自陰山(shan)率領(ling)下屬十(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)下遷(qian)至遼西地(di)區,之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)莫(mo)那從附屬匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系中(zhong)(zhong)脫(tuo)離獨立,號稱“鮮卑(bei)(bei)俟(si)汾(fen)氏(shi)”。“俟(si)汾(fen)”是(shi)鮮卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)語“天王(wang)”之(zhi)意(yi)。俟(si)汾(fen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸強盛后(hou)(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)莫(mo)那的(de)(de)(de)(de)慕僚建議改“天王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌(ji)諱晉室(shi),換(huan)“天王(wang)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)”,當時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)十(shi)二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)中(zhong)(zhong)已經蘊涵了后(hou)(hou)(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)莫(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)和契丹部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)莫(mo)那則(ze)(ze)被(bei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)來南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)周政(zheng)權尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯,并奉(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)周皇室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu)。
按史籍(ji)《周(zhou)書(shu)(shu)》的記(ji)載:葛(ge)烏(wu)菟的后代普回襲任大(da)(da)(da)人之(zhi)職后,他在(zai)(zai)打(da)獵時(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)河邊拾(shi)到(dao)一(yi)顆玉璽,上刻“皇帝璽”三字,大(da)(da)(da)喜之(zhi)下自(zi)以(yi)為是(shi)(shi)天授神(shen)權,當地人呼天為“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼君為“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意(yi)即“天子”。于(yu)是(shi)(shi),這位(wei)普回大(da)(da)(da)人便(bian)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)號稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi),而(er)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)的部(bu)(bu)落就叫作(zuo)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)。當然,后世史學家認為這純(chun)粹是(shi)(shi)牽強附會之(zhi)說。到(dao)了東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)進據(ju)中(zhong)原,號稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)后有數代首領(ling)在(zai)(zai)史書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)沒有任何記(ji)載,一(yi)直到(dao)西(xi)晉(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)以(yi)后才有記(ji)事。在(zai)(zai)史籍(ji)《魏書(shu)(shu)》中(zhong),記(ji)載了當時(shi)(shi)的習俗(su)“人皆(jie)剪發而(er)留其頂(ding)上,以(yi)為首飾,長過數寸則(ze)截短之(zhi)。婦(fu)女披長襦及足,而(er)無裳焉。”部(bu)(bu)族(zu)人有髡(kun)發習俗(su),婦(fu)女是(shi)(shi)穿(chuan)著(zhu)連(lian)身的長襖(ao),與漢族(zu)下身做長裙的打(da)扮大(da)(da)(da)不同。另外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)族(zu)人在(zai)(zai)秋天的時(shi)(shi)候(hou)會去采收一(yi)種稱作(zuo)“烏(wu)頭”的有毒植物制成毒藥(yao),做為射獵禽獸之(zhi)用(yong)。鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)逐漸繁榮興盛(sheng),一(yi)直至東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)五(wu)胡十(shi)六(liu)國前期(qi)為止(zhi),特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉(jin)(jin)以(yi)后較(jiao)為強盛(sheng)之(zhi)時(shi)(shi),地點約在(zai)(zai)濡(ru)源(今河北(bei)灤(luan)河上游(you))以(yi)東(dong)(dong)、柳城(今遼(liao)寧朝陽(yang))以(yi)西(xi)一(yi)帶的廣大(da)(da)(da)地區(qu),與同期(qi)存在(zai)(zai)的慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)相同,都屬(shu)于(yu)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)的一(yi)個支系(xi)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的幾代首領(ling)與拓(tuo)跋(ba)部(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)關系(xi)較(jiao)佳(jia),兩(liang)個部(bu)(bu)族(zu)間時(shi)(shi)有通婚。進入五(wu)胡十(shi)六(liu)國時(shi)(shi)期(qi)后,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)曾依附勢力強大(da)(da)(da)的后趙政權。但(dan)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)與慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)之(zhi)間卻(que)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)直存在(zai)(zai)著(zhu)不斷的爭斗,且連(lian)續有數位(wei)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)的首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸(gui)都曾為慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)所敗,在(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)咸和九(jiu)年(nian)或東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)(jin)咸康元(yuan)年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)344/345年(nian))的一(yi)次決定性(xing)戰役中(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)終于(yu)被慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)所建(jian)立的前燕政權擊(ji)敗,部(bu)(bu)眾(zhong)被慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)首領(ling)分散遷(qian)移(yi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮(xian)卑(bei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)部的(de)(de)族(zu)人以及后來北周政(zheng)權的(de)(de)皇族(zu)貴胄和一(yi)些臣(chen)子(zi)國民,都(dou)以“宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)“為(wei)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi),稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi),后逐漸融(rong)入(ru)漢族(zu),將宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)也(ye)帶入(ru)漢族(zu)之(zhi)中,后有省文(wen)(wen)簡改(gai)為(wei)單姓(xing)宇(yu)(yu)氏(shi)(shi)、文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)者,也(ye)有改(gai)單姓(xing)為(wei)尚氏(shi)(shi)、趙氏(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)者,皆世(shi)代相傳至今。
來自嬴姓(xing),出自南(nan)北朝時期北周政(zheng)權(quan)大臣趙(zhao)文表、趙(zhao)昶之后(hou),屬于(yu)帝王賜改姓(xing)為氏。
南北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時期(qi),有北(bei)(bei)周大(da)都督趙(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)表、北(bei)(bei)周長道郡公趙(zhao)(zhao)昶,這二人都是北(bei)(bei)周武(wu)(wu)帝(di)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)邕(561年―578年在(zai)位)的親(qin)信大(da)將(jiang)。趙(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)表追隨許國公宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)貴鎮守蜀地,行(xing)昌城郡事(shi),官至加(jia)中(zhong)軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),左金(jin)紫(zi)光祿(lu)大(da)夫(fu)。趙(zhao)(zhao)昶居將(jiang)帥之任(ren),傾心下士。虜獲氐、羌,撫(fu)而使之,皆為趙(zhao)(zhao)昶盡力。后(hou)錄前后(hou)功,進爵長道郡公,征(zheng)拜賓部中(zhong)大(da)夫(fu),行(xing)吏部事(shi)。這二人皆被(bei)北(bei)(bei)周武(wu)(wu)帝(di)賜姓為宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏。
在趙文表(biao)、趙昶(chang)的后裔(yi)子孫中(zhong),有以先(xian)祖受賜姓氏承襲者(zhe),都稱宇文氏,世代相傳至(zhi)今。
宇(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)復姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi)典型的北方(fang)少數民族漢化姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏(shi),在中(zhong)國的大(da)陸(lu)與臺灣省(sheng)都未進(jin)入前(qian)三百大(da)姓(xing)(xing)(xing),在宋(song)(song)版《百家姓(xing)(xing)(xing)》中(zhong)排序為第(di)四百三十四位(wei)門閥。宇(yu)(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)(xing)早期活動在西北地區,南北朝時期逐步南下內遷,除在遼(liao)寧、內蒙古、山西、陜(shan)西等地分(fen)布外(wai),在河(he)南洛陽(yang)等地形(xing)成宇(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)皇(huang)族聚集地。唐代時,他們(men)入地為籍,遍及中(zhong)原各地。宋(song)(song)后宇(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)已不常(chang)見。如(ru)今(jin)在北京(jing)、河(he)南、陜(shan)西、浙(zhe)江、四川、臺灣等地有少量(liang)分(fen)布。現今(jin)宇(yu)(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)口沒有進(jin)入全國前(qian)三百位(wei)。
今陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)咸陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及興平市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)、長武縣(xian),河(he)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)行唐縣(xian)、張(zhang)家口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、石家莊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)大連(lian)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)煙臺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南(nan)部縣(xian),河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)欒川縣(xian)、洛陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、安陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)南(nan)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)無(wu)為縣(xian),浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)杭(hang)州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)榆(yu)次市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尖草坪(ping)區、長治市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng),湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng),江(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng),北(bei)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),天津市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),香港特別行政區等地(di),均有宇文氏族(zu)人分布。
趙(zhao)(zhao)郡:東(dong)漢(han)建安年(nian)間(196年(nian)―219年(nian))設趙(zhao)(zhao)郡,治所廣阿(a)(今(jin)邢臺市(shi)隆(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)),轄(xia)地包(bao)括今(jin)石家莊趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)和邢臺市(shi)寧晉(jin)縣(xian)(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)(xian)、臨城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)、隆(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)東(dong)部。隋(sui)朝時期移治到趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)河北(bei)趙(zhao)(zhao)縣(xian)(xian))。
太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu):也稱太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)郡。戰(zhan)國時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)秦莊襄王四年(前(qian)246年)置郡,治所在(zai)(zai)(zai)晉(jin)(jin)陽(今山西(xi)太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)),當時(shi)(shi)轄地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)(zai)今山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)五(wu)臺(tai)山和管涔山南部一帶(dai)、霍(huo)山北部一帶(dai)地(di)(di)區(qu)。北魏時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)轄地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)(zai)今山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)陽曲縣、交城市、平(ping)遙市、和順縣間的(de)晉(jin)(jin)中一帶(dai)地(di)(di)區(qu)。隋朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改(gai)晉(jin)(jin)陽為太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),又另設晉(jin)(jin)陽,與太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)同城。唐太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu)洽也在(zai)(zai)(zai)此地(di)(di)。宋太平(ping)興國中期(qi)(qi)(980年)改(gai)并州為太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府(fu),移(yi)治陽曲(今山西(xi)太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝(chao)、金(jin)國的(de)河東路、河東北路,明、清兩朝(chao)以(yi)來皆為府(fu)。民國時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改(gai)為市,成為山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)會所在(zai)(zai)(zai),一直沿用至(zhi)今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂(tang):以望立(li)堂(tang)。
四言通用聯
巧思博學;善戰(zhan)多謀。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指隋(sui)朝(chao)時期的朔方人宇文(wen)愷(kai),字安樂,喜讀(du)書(shu),多(duo)技藝,有(you)巧思。隋(sui)文(wen)帝時任營新(xin)都副(fu)監,興(xing)建大(da)興(xing)城,又開(kai)鑿廣通渠,決(jue)渭水達(da)黃河,以便利漕運;隋(sui)煬帝時歷(li)官營東(dong)都副(fu)監、將作大(da)匠(jiang)、工部尚(shang)書(shu),所規劃的東(dong)都建筑極(ji)為奢華(hua)。著有(you)《東(dong)都圖記》、《明堂圖議》等(deng)。下聯(lian)典(dian)指宇文(wen)愷(kai)之兄宇文(wen)忻,字仲(zhong)樂,善戰多(duo)謀(mou),曾擊敗北周(zhou)大(da)將尉遲迥(jiong),封英國公(gong)。楊堅建隋(sui)朝(chao)后一直非常(chang)器重他。
折(zhe)草累石(shi);正色(se)立朝。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南北(bei)朝時期北(bei)周的宇(yu)文深(shen),幼時折草為旗,累(lei)石為營,作軍陣之(zhi)勢以嬉,日后果(guo)為名將。下聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)隋朝時期的宇(yu)文弼,隋開皇初(chu)年(nian)為尚書左(zuo)丞,當官正色,為百僚(liao)所憚。
五言通用聯
望(wang)出(chu)太原(yuan)郡(jun);源(yuan)自(zi)宇(yu)文國。
——全聯(lian)典(dian)指宇文氏的郡(jun)望和得姓(xing)源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊萬里;文明昌盛(sheng)千秋。
——此聯為(wei)以鶴頂格鑲嵌(qian)宇文復姓之“宇文”二字的嵌(qian)字聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒戲料為(wei)良將;立戰功得(de)沐侯封。
——上(shang)聯(lian)(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南(nan)北朝(chao)時期(qi)北周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)武川人(ren)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文深,字(zi)(zi)奴千,幼時曾用草、石擺軍(jun)陣(zhen),父親(qin)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文永遇見了大喜,料定他日后必為良將。后隨北周(zhou)(zhou)孝武帝西遷,以(yi)都督領宿(su)衛(wei)兵(bing)。北周(zhou)(zhou)大統年間官(guan)(guan)東雍州刺史,封長(chang)樂侯,后官(guan)(guan)至司會(hui)中大夫。下(xia)聯(lian)(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南(nan)北朝(chao)時期(qi)北周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)武川人(ren)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文虬(qiu),字(zi)(zi)樂仁,少年時從軍(jun),因戰功封南(nan)安(an)侯,官(guan)(guan)至驃騎大將軍(jun)、開府儀同三(san)司。在戰場上(shang),他總是(shi)身(shen)先士卒(zu),所以(yi)能上(shang)下(xia)同心,戰無不勝。
六人稱王傳(chuan)名遠;五州總管(guan)播惠長。
——上聯典指(zhi)宇文(wen)復姓(xing)在歷史上稱帝(di)者共有六(liu)人(ren),創立北周(zhou)王朝。下聯典指(zhi)南北朝時期(qi)北周(zhou)孝閔帝(di)之子宇文(wen)康,字乾定(ding),封紀(ji)王,總督(du)利、始等五州大小劍二(er)防(fang)諸軍(jun)事(shi)。
南(nan)冠(guan)終(zhong)日囚軍府;北雁何時到(dao)上林。
——此聯為金國(guo)的大臣宇文虛(xu)中(zhong)《在(zai)金日作三首》詩(shi)句聯。“囚軍(jun)府”,指宇文虛(xu)中(zhong)奉使金國(guo),被留(liu)不放還。“上林”,代指南宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲攻(gong)書,不(bu)從筆(bi)硯為迂腐;少年受學(xue),惟憑劍馬取公(gong)侯。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)(dian)指(zhi)隋(sui)朝時期(qi)的大(da)將軍宇文慶事典(dian)(dian)。下聯(lian)典(dian)(dian)指(zhi)南北朝時期(qi)北周(zhou)的夏州名(ming)人宇文貴,字永貴,少受(shou)學,輟書(shu)嘆曰:“男(nan)兒當提劍(jian)汗馬(ma)以取公侯,何(he)能為(wei)博士?”后仕魏為(wei)大(da)將軍,屢(lv)著戰功,封(feng)許(xu)國(guo)公。
家譜文獻
宇(yu)文(wen)氏族譜,(明(ming))危素序,明(ming)朝年間(jian)木刻活(huo)字印本。現被收藏(zang)在中國國家圖書館(guan)(guan)、日本東(dong)京國立(li)博物館(guan)(guan)。
北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)魏(wei)將領。武川(chuan)(今屬(shu)內(nei)蒙(meng))人。鮮卑族,宇(yu)(yu)文泰父。魏(wei)明帝時,破(po)六韓(han)拔(ba)陵(ling)起義(yi),宇(yu)(yu)文肱(gong)聚兵攻(gong)殺破(po)六韓(han)拔(ba)陵(ling)部將衛可(ke)孤。遷居中山。后(hou)率眾加入鮮于修禮軍(jun),被魏(wei)軍(jun)擊敗,戰死。北(bei)周追尊為德皇帝。
(489-546),北朝西(xi)(xi)魏將(jiang)領。字澄鏡,宇(yu)文泰(tai)族子(zi)。宇(yu)文測性沉密,少篤學。起家奉朝請(qing)、殿中侍(shi)御史、安東將(jiang)軍。尚(shang)宣武帝女陽平公(gong)(gong)主,拜(bai)駙馬都(dou)尉(wei)。從(cong)孝武帝西(xi)(xi)入關,進爵為公(gong)(gong)。西(xi)(xi)魏文帝大統四年(nian)(538),拜(bai)侍(shi)中。六年(nian),坐(zuo)事(shi)免。不久,除驃騎大將(jiang)軍、大都(dou)督(du)、行(xing)汾州事(shi)。八年(nian),加金紫(zi)光祿大夫,轉行(xing)綏州事(shi)。十(shi)(shi)年(nian),征拜(bai)太子(zi)少保(bao)。十(shi)(shi)二年(nian)十(shi)(shi)月,在任去(qu)世。
(498-554),北朝西魏(wei)將領。好讀書,馳馬能左右射。少襲爵,與魏(wei)孝武帝(di)有布衣交,帝(di)用為閣內大都督。共(gong)議西附宇文泰,又護帝(di)至(zhi)關中。宇文泰用為帳內大都督。后(hou)進位儀同三司、散騎常(chang)侍。魏(wei)恭(gong)帝(di)元年去世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西魏將領。字黑獺,代郡武川(chuan)(今內蒙古武川(chuan)西)人(ren),鮮卑族。
(511-554),北朝西魏(wei)將領。字菩薩,顥子(zi)。隨宇(yu)文泰(tai)(tai)入關中,西魏(wei)文帝(di)初為(wei)領軍(jun)將軍(jun),率(lv)領禁軍(jun)。泰(tai)(tai)與(yu)高歡作戰。常留守后方。大統四年(538),為(wei)華州刺史。泰(tai)(tai)軍(jun)在洛陽(yang)(yang)失敗,趙青雀、于伏德等乘時據長(chang)安、咸陽(yang)(yang)。宇(yu)文導(dao)由華州率(lv)軍(jun)攻破咸陽(yang)(yang),又與(yu)泰(tai)(tai)合師收回長(chang)安。后出守隴右(you),去世在上邽(gui),謚孝(xiao)。
(?-568),北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)臣(chen)。字奴干,測(ce)弟。起(qi)家秘書郎。好讀兵書,有謀(mou)略。宇(yu)文泰(tai)用為相府(fu)主簿(bu)。為泰(tai)籌(chou)劃擒(qin)竇泰(tai)、取弘農及沙(sha)苑(yuan)作戰方(fang)略。封長樂縣(xian)侯(hou)。周(zhou)武帝保定初,為京兆(zhao)尹,轉司會中大夫。為政嚴明(ming),抑制豪右,受(shou)人贊譽。
(約(yue)515-572),北朝北周權臣。武(wu)川(今(jin)內蒙古武(wu)川西)人。宇文(wen)泰之侄。
(531-578),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)將領。代郡武川(今(jin)屬內蒙古)人(ren)。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)帝(di)宇(yu)文(wen)泰(tai)族(zu)子(zi)。父(fu)顯和,仕魏,為(wei)孝(xiao)武帝(di)進入關(guan)之計。后隨從(cong)入關(guan)。宇(yu)文(wen)神(shen)舉以(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)明帝(di)初(chu),起家中侍上士。明帝(di)留意文(wen)學而神(shen)舉雅好篇什(shen),常得侍從(cong)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武帝(di)保定間,歷任車騎大將軍、儀同三司諸職。建德元年(nian)為(wei)京(jing)兆尹,三年(nian),出為(wei)熊州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)。從(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武帝(di)伐(fa)齊,齊平(ping),為(wei)并州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)。宣政元年(nian)(578),周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武帝(di)卒,幽(you)州(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)盧昌期、祖英(ying)伯等舉兵反周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),盧思道亦預其(qi)事。神(shen)舉率(lv)兵平(ping)亂,見思道,令(ling)作露布(bu),乃釋其(qi)罪。又從(cong)越(yue)王(wang)宇(yu)文(wen)盛平(ping)稽胡,敗突厥。師還,以(yi)(yi)(yi)武帝(di)時嘗與王(wang)軌、宇(yu)文(wen)孝(xiao)伯言宣帝(di)之短于武帝(di),兼(jian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)功高,宣帝(di)使人(ren)鴆之,卒于馬邑(yi)。史(shi)稱宇(yu)文(wen)神(shen)舉“博涉(she)經(jing)史(shi),性愛篇章”。
(534-560),北朝北周皇帝。小字統萬突。鮮(xian)卑(bei)族(zu)。宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)泰(tai)庶長子。西(xi)魏大(da)統十四年(nian)(548),封(feng)寧(ning)都郡公。北周建國后任柱(zhu)國,岐州刺史。557年(nian)被(bei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)護立(li)為天王,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)護輔政(zheng)(zheng)專權(quan)。559年(nian)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)護歸政(zheng)(zheng),始親政(zheng)(zheng),稱皇帝,改(gai)元武(wu)成(cheng)。仍受制于宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)護。武(wu)成(cheng)二年(nian)(560)四月,被(bei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)護毒(du)死(si)。葬昭陵。謚明皇帝,廟號世宗。年(nian)號武(wu)成(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝北周創(chuang)建者。字陁羅尼。鮮卑(bei)族。代郡武川(chuan)(今(jin)屬(shu)內蒙古)人,西魏權臣宇文泰第三子。
北朝北周將領(ling)。字樂仁,武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古)人。驍悍有(you)膽略。少從征(zheng)討,累有(you)戰(zhan)(zhan)功,封南安侯。后為(wei)獨孤信帳(zhang)內都督,隨(sui)信奔梁(liang)。復回歸,進爵為(wei)公。從復弘(hong)農,破沙苑,戰(zhan)(zhan)河橋,皆有(you)功,累遷南秦(qin)州刺(ci)史、驃騎(qi)大將軍(jun)、開府(fu)儀同(tong)三司。宇文虬每經戰(zhan)(zhan)陣(zhen),必身先(xian)士(shi)卒,故上下同(tong)心,戰(zhan)(zhan)無不克。后拜金州刺(ci)史、大將軍(jun)卒。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周皇帝。小字(zi)禰羅(luo)突。鮮卑族(zu)。武川(今內蒙古武川西)人。宇文泰第四子。
(?-576),北(bei)朝北(bei)周將領。字(zi)永貴,其先昌黎(今(jin)屬河(he)北(bei))人,后(hou)徙居夏(xia)州(今(jin)陜西(xi)橫山(shan)縣西(xi))。善騎射,有將帥(shuai)才。魏正光末,破六(liu)韓拔(ba)陵(ling)圍夏(xia)州,刺史嬰城固守,以貴為(wei)統(tong)軍(jun)。后(hou)從爾(er)朱榮(rong),以戰(zhan)功封(feng)革融縣侯。大統(tong)中,屢著(zhu)戰(zhan)功,官至大將軍(jun)。周孝閔帝即位,進位柱國,封(feng)許國公,歷官大司徒、太保(bao)。天(tian)和中出使突厥,回至張掖卒。
(543-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周臣。字胡(hu)三,深子。少被宇文泰撫養。與(yu)武帝(di)(di)同日生,同學,相知甚深。邕(yong)即位,以(yi)與(yu)其共(gong)讀為(wei)由,引置左(zuo)右,方得聯絡(luo)內外,誅(zhu)殺宇文護。為(wei)左(zuo)宮正,輔太子赟,數言赟過。帝(di)(di)出京,常令其留(liu)守(shou)。帝(di)(di)將卒,執(zhi)手托以(yi)后事,即令為(wei)司衛上(shang)大夫。入京鎮守(shou)。宣帝(di)(di)初,為(wei)小冢宰,數言朝政(zheng)得失,拒助帝(di)(di)殺齊王憲,賜死。后楊堅言:若孝伯在(zai),己即無機遇。
(544-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗(zong)室。字毗(pi)賀突,宇(yu)文泰第五子,周(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)宇(yu)文邕弟。性(xing)通(tong)敏(min),有度量。
北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周宗室(shi)。字豆(dou)羅突,邕(yong)同母弟。周初封衛國(guo)公(gong),附宇文護。武帝天和中與陳(chen)軍作(zuo)戰兵敗(bai),免職。遂怨護,助(zhu)邕(yong)殺護。求(qiu)為(wei)大司馬,帝未許。建德三年(574)進爵為(wei)王。同年,帝赴云陽宮(gong),直在長安舉兵攻宮(gong)城。事敗(bai),逃至(zhi)荊州被擒(qin),免為(wei)庶人,囚在別宮(gong)。不久被殺。
(?-578),北朝北周宗室。字侯幼突(tu),宇文泰子。明(ming)帝(di)武(wu)成初,封(feng)譙國(guo)公。武(wu)帝(di)天和中,拜(bai)大將軍(jun),遷柱國(guo),出為(wei)(wei)益州總管(guan)。建德三年(nian)(574),宇文儉進爵為(wei)(wei)王。五年(nian),東伐,攻永固(gu)城,拔之。六年(nian),拜(bai)大冢宰。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(nian)(578)二月卒(zu)。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)宗(zong)室。字度(du)斤突(tu),宇(yu)文泰子。性果決,善騎射。明帝武(wu)成(cheng)初,封代國(guo)公。武(wu)帝天(tian)和元年(566),拜大將軍(jun)。建(jian)德初,進(jin)位柱國(guo),出為荊州(zhou)刺史(shi)。三(san)年(574),進(jin)爵為王。出為益州(zhou)總管。宣帝即(ji)位,進(jin)位上柱國(guo)。靜帝大象元年(579),拜大右弼。二年,為隋文帝楊堅所殺(sha)。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗室、文人。字豆盧(lu)突。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古(gu))人。鮮(xian)卑(bei)族。宇(yu)文泰子(zi)。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室、文(wen)人。字爾固突。代郡武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙(meng)古)人。鮮卑族。宇文(wen)泰(tai)之子。
北朝北周將領。河(he)南洛(luo)陽(yang)(今屬河(he)南)人(ren)。孝文帝太(tai)和初,為羽林郎將,數有戰功(gong)。魏遷都洛(luo)陽(yang),宇文福奉命規劃牧(mu)地(di),在黃河(he)南北地(di)近千里,放養雜畜。后攻高車(che)敗(bai),被貶。宣武帝即(ji)位,用為南征統(tong)軍,有戰功(gong)。歷任豫、瀛州刺史(shi),太(tai)仆卿,懷朔鎮(zhen)將。卒于鎮(zhen),謚貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)皇(huang)帝(di)。字乾伯。鮮卑族(zu)。邕長(chang)子。邕慮其不堪(kan)重任(ren),待其嚴格,朝見(jian)如(ru)群臣(chen),有過則(ze)杖(zhang)責(ze)。初即位(wei),下令(ling)(ling)嚴律法(fa);任(ren)用(yong)北(bei)齊官員。殺齊王憲,令(ling)(ling)左右(you)密察群臣(chen)言行。法(fa)嚴刑(xing)苛(ke),禁臣(chen)下有高(gao)大(da)(da)之稱。次年,以(yi)子衍為(wei)皇(huang)帝(di),自稱天(tian)元皇(huang)帝(di)。大(da)(da)興(xing)土木(mu),恣(zi)意(yi)聲色(se)。對國家(jia)典(dian)章(zhang)制度等(deng),皆(jie)有變(bian)革。大(da)(da)象二年令(ling)(ling)楊(yang)堅(jian)出(chu)為(wei)揚州總管。事未(wei)行,病,召堅(jian)入宮。卒,謚(shi)宣帝(di)。
(?-580),北朝北周(zhou)宗(zong)室。字乾依,武(wu)帝(di)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)邕子(zi),初封漢國(guo)公。建德(de)三年(nian)(574),進(jin)爵為(wei)王,仍柱國(guo)。靜(jing)帝(di)大(da)象(xiang)二(er)年(nian)(580),楊堅輔政,欲順物情,乃進(jin)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)贊(zan)上柱國(guo)、右大(da)丞相。外(wai)示尊崇,實無權柄。后轉(zhuan)太(tai)師。不久,為(wei)堅所殺(sha)。
(?-580),北朝北周宗(zong)室。字乾信,武帝宇文邕子,初封(feng)秦國公。武帝建德三年(574),進(jin)(jin)爵為(wei)王。靜(jing)帝大(da)象二年(580)五月(yue),進(jin)(jin)上柱國。六月(yue),遷大(da)冢宰。八月(yue),進(jin)(jin)位(wei)大(da)右弼(bi)。不(bu)久,為(wei)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字立久(jiu)突,宇文(wen)泰子。明帝(di)武(wu)成初,封越(yue)國公。武(wu)帝(di)天和(he)中,進(jin)爵為(wei)王。四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(569),大(da)(da)軍伐齊,宇文(wen)盛為(wei)后(hou)一軍總管(guan)。并州平(ping),進(jin)位上(shang)柱國。從平(ping)鄴,拜相州總管(guan)。宣政(zheng)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(578),入為(wei)大(da)(da)冢(zhong)宰。靜帝(di)大(da)(da)象元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(579),遷大(da)(da)前疑,轉太保。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)出就國。二年(nian)(nian)(nian),朝京(jing)師。其(qi)秋,為(wei)隋文(wen)帝(di)楊堅所殺。
(523-586),隋(sui)將領。京兆(治今陜(shan)西(xi)西(xi)安)人,本籍(ji)朔方(治今內蒙古烏審(shen)旗南白(bai)城子(zi)),字(zi)仲樂。少時(shi)即精騎(qi)射(she),慷慨有大(da)志,自謂可勝過韓(han)信、白(bai)起、衛(wei)青、霍去病等名將。北周時(shi),從(cong)韋孝寬守玉壁,從(cong)武帝攻拔北齊(qi)晉陽,均(jun)以驍勇敢戰立功。周末(mo),從(cong)高颎、韋孝寬破(po)尉遲(chi)迥,功為諸將之最。進封(feng)英國公。入隋(sui),以宿將遭忌,乃與梁士彥等謀反,事泄被(bei)殺。
(573-581),北朝北周皇(huang)帝。本名衍。鮮(xian)卑族(zu)。宣帝長子。大(da)成元年(nian)(579),封魯王,不久立為(wei)皇(huang)太子。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)二(er)月受父禪即位,年(nian)僅(jin)7歲。改元大(da)象。外戚楊(yang)(yang)堅執掌朝政,恢復佛(fo)、道(dao)兩教,大(da)殺(sha)周朝宗室。大(da)定元年(nian)(581)二(er)月,被迫(po)禪位于(yu)楊(yang)(yang)堅,封介國公,北周亡。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)五月被殺(sha)。葬恭陵。謚(shi)靜帝。
隋(sui)將(jiang),字神慶,祖(zu)籍武(wu)川(今屬(shu)內蒙古),后為洛陽人,鮮卑(bei)族,宇文氏族子。周初(chu)受(shou)業東觀,頗涉經史。后應募從(cong)征,以(yi)功授都督。復從(cong)武(wu)帝轉(zhuan)戰各地,拔(ba)高壁(bi),克并州(zhou),下信都,功居諸(zhu)將(jiang)之(zhi)首(shou),故進位(wei)大將(jiang)軍,封(feng)汝南郡公。入隋(sui),拜左武(wu)衛將(jiang)軍,進上(shang)柱國(guo),出(chu)為涼州(zhou)總管。后還都,卒于(yu)家。
(555-612),隋建筑(zhu)家(jia)。字(zi)安樂,朔方夏州(今(jin)陜西(xi)靖(jing)邊(bian))人。
(?-616),隋朝將領。字伯(bo)通,代郡(jun)武川(今(jin)內蒙(meng)古武川南(nan))人,出身鮮卑貴族(zu)。
(?-619),隋代末(mo)年叛軍首領。代郡武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人。隋大將宇文述(shu)之子。
唐將(jiang)領。字仁(ren)人,京兆長安人。父述,為隋右衛(wei)大將(jiang)軍。隋開(kai)皇末(601),封(feng)新(xin)城縣公。
宇(yu)文成(cheng)都,小說《說唐》《忠義(yi)響馬傳(chuan)》《興唐傳(chuan)》中人物,宇(yu)文化及之子。被(bei)隋煬帝封為(wei)(wei)天(tian)保大將軍(jun)之職。兵器(qi)鳳(feng)(feng)翅(chi)鎦金镋(tang)[tǎng],被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)隋唐第二(er)條好漢(han),在四平山力(li)挫三(san)杰。曾在晉(jin)陽與李(li)淵之子李(li)元霸(ba)(ba)比(bi)武,輸給李(li)元霸(ba)(ba)。與瓦(wa)崗(gang)寨英使(shi)一柄鳳(feng)(feng)翅(chi)鎦金镋(tang),重三(san)百二(er)十斤”,傳(chuan)說為(wei)(wei)九天(tian)應元雷神普化天(tian)尊轉(zhuan)世。雄(xiong)為(wei)(wei)敵,幫助父奪取隋朝天(tian)下,在揚州(zhou)被(bei)李(li)元霸(ba)(ba)所殺。歷史上,宇(yu)文化及有二(er)子:宇(yu)文承基(ji)、宇(yu)文承趾,宇(yu)文化及同時(shi)被(bei)竇建德斬(zhan)殺。
(?-約(yue)730),唐(tang)臣。京兆萬年(nian)(今陜(shan)西(xi)西(xi)安)人(ren)。開元初任監察御史。時土(tu)地兼并嚴重,人(ren)口流失,稅(shui)收受到影(ying)響。他建議(yi)檢(jian)括逃亡戶(hu)口和籍外占田。并自任勸(quan)農(nong)使,率判(pan)官二(er)十余人(ren)出(chu)使各地,清出(chu)客(ke)戶(hu)八十余萬和大量(liang)土(tu)地。開元十七(qi)年(nian)(729),拜黃門侍(shi)郎(lang),同中書門下平章事。他善(shan)于(yu)薦舉人(ren)才,在相期間,薦宋璟為(wei)右丞相、裴耀卿(qing)為(wei)戶(hu)部侍(shi)郎(lang)、許景先(xian)為(wei)工部侍(shi)郎(lang)。在相位僅(jin)百日即罷貶為(wei)汝州(zhou)刺史,又(you)流巖(yan)州(zhou),卒于(yu)途中。
唐臣。字周(zhou)重,河(he)南(今河(he)南洛陽)人(ren)。御(yu)史中丞宇文邈之(zhi)子。元和六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(811),與江(jiang)淮從事(shi)李公佐會于漢南。長慶(qing)初,任(ren)右拾(shi)遺,與李玨等進言(yan)勸(quan)穆宗戒酒色。歷倉部員外(wai)(wai)郎、左(zuo)司員外(wai)(wai)郎、吏部員外(wai)(wai)郎。大和三年(nian)(nian)(829),自吏部郎中為御(yu)史中丞。又兼刑部侍郎。六(liu)年(nian)(nian),為戶部侍郎、判度支。出為華(hua)州刺史。八年(nian)(nian),坐贓(zang)事(shi)貶循州刺史。
(1029-1082),北宋學(xue)者。字公南,漢州綿竹(今(jin)(jin)屬(shu)四川)人。進士及第(di),為文州曲水(shui)縣令。神宗(zong)即位,上疏(shu)言政事(shi),不報,遂以太子中允致仕。自(zi)強于學(xue),不易其志,退居十五年,常為經史琴酒之樂(le),學(xue)者稱止止先生。司馬光、范鎮(zhen)等盛譽(yu)之,以為“位下(xia)而言高,學(xue)富(fu)而行篤”。元豐(feng)五年卒。著有《止止先生宇文公集》二十二卷,今(jin)(jin)已佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字(zi)仲(zhong)(zhong)達,一作仲(zhong)(zhong)理,成(cheng)都華陽(今四(si)川(chuan)雙流)人。崇寧二(er)年(nian)(1103)進(jin)士(shi)。入(ru)仕后曾任中書舍人、翰林(lin)學士(shi)承旨等職。宣和六年(nian)(1124)官(guan)至(zhi)尚書右丞(cheng)。后出為地方官(guan)。南(nan)宋初知(zhi)(zhi)濮州時被俘(fu),金人嘉其(qi)忠義放(fang)歸,乃(nai)以光祿大(da)夫出知(zhi)(zhi)潼川(chuan)府(fu)。紹興元年(nian)(1131)辭官(guan),以其(qi)弟宇文(wen)時中代(dai)理府(fu)事。從此閑居(ju)至(zhi)卒。
(1079-1146),金(jin)臣。字叔通,宇(yu)文(wen)粹(cui)中之弟。
南宋臣。字(zi)挺臣,顯謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)宇(yu)文師瑗(yuan)養子。成都廣都(今四(si)川雙(shuang)流)人。初補(bu)官(guan)仕州縣。舉進(jin)士(shi)。累(lei)遷寶(bao)謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)、知(zhi)廬州。時,韓侂(tuo)胄方議舉兵(bing)北伐。紹節(jie)致(zhi)書侂(tuo)胄,認為有(you)復(fu)仇之(zhi)(zhi)志,無復(fu)仇之(zhi)(zhi)略(lve);有(you)開(kai)邊之(zhi)(zhi)害,無開(kai)邊之(zhi)(zhi)利,不量國力,冒(mao)險進(jin)取(qu)。侂(tuo)胄見書不樂。召還(huan),以寶(bao)文閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)鎮江府。除(chu)湖北京西宣撫使,知(zhi)江陵府。統制(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)高(gao)悅(yue)肆意殺掠,紹節(jie)召至,收其部曲,旋有(you)人控訴悅(yue)縱所部剽劫者,加以杖(zhang)殺,兵(bing)民皆(jie)歡喜。官(guan)至端明殿學士(shi)、簽書樞密院(yuan)事,卒。謚忠惠。
元(yuan)文學家。字子貞,成都人,后(hou)徙(xi)吳興(今浙江湖州(zhou))。元(yuan)統進士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓(xing)名人(ren)有(you)(you)晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑族(zu)首(shou)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)廆(hui)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈(qu)云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸;南北朝東魏史(shi)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之,西魏將(jiang)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生(sheng)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北周大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善,將(jiang)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及(ji),將(jiang)領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常,學(xue)(xue)者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓(xing)名人(ren)有(you)(you)經濟學(xue)(xue)家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌唱演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清等
1940年生于吉林(lin)龍井(jing),1958年考入東北(bei)師范大學美術系(xi)學習。1965年畢業分配到北(bei)京(jing)畫院工作(zuo)。作(zuo)品(pin)以(yi)青(qing)綠山水(shui)創作(zuo)為主。其(qi)創作(zuo)力求把水(shui)墨山水(shui)和重彩青(qing)綠山水(shui)融為一(yi)體(ti)作(zuo)品(pin)構圖飽滿。氣勢雄偉。現為北(bei)京(jing)畫院專業畫家(jia)。國家(jia)一(yi)級美術師。北(bei)京(jing)中國畫研究會會長。中國美術家(jia)協會會員。