慕(mu)容(rong)姓《三國志(zhi)·鮮(xian)卑傳》中提到,漢桓帝時,鮮(xian)卑分為中、東、西三部,中部大夫柯(ke)最闕,居慕(mu)容(rong)寺(si)。歷史上的鮮(xian)卑族在今內蒙西拉(la)木倫河(he)與洮兒河(he)之(zhi)間。慕(mu)容(rong)氏的發源地(di)和老家便(bian)在這里。
源于鮮卑族,出(chu)自漢朝時(shi)期(qi)鮮卑中部大(da)人慕容(rong)(rong),屬于以官職稱謂漢化(hua)為氏。傳說,在東漢桓帝執政時(shi)期(qi),鮮卑民族分為中、東、西(xi)三部,其中部首領大(da)人叫柯最闕(que),居慕容(rong)(rong)寺,后因以為姓氏,稱慕容(rong)(rong)氏。
出自(zi)秦漢(han)(han)(han)時(shi)(shi)期鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong),屬于以部落首領名號稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)謂為(wei)氏(shi)。據(ju)史籍《通志(zhi)·氏(shi)族略》記(ji)載,慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)出自(zi)中古時(shi)(shi)期,世代居于東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)地區,秦、漢(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際(ji)被稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作“東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)夷”。這個(ge)“東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)夷”是古代東(dong)(dong)(dong)胡民(min)族中的一個(ge)分支(zhi),在(zai)漢(han)(han)(han)高祖(zu)劉(liu)邦元年(公元前206年)秦、漢(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際(ji),東(dong)(dong)(dong)胡被匈奴擊(ji)散,之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后該支(zhi)族人(ren)遷徙棲息(xi)于以鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)山為(wei)核心的一帶地區,即今(jin)內蒙自(zi)治區的西(xi)拉(la)木倫河(he)與吉林省的洮兒河(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,該部族首領在(zai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)時(shi)(shi)期建立了一個(ge)“鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)”,因此號稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)族。傳說,這位(wei)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)主自(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是“慕(mu)(mu)(mu)二儀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),繼三光之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)”,因此以“慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)”為(wei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)號,稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)單于,其(qi)鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)后來被稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作鮮(xian)卑(bei)(bei)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)部,部族人(ren)等因稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi),此后世代相傳。
慕容氏的發(fa)源地就在斯地,故慕容氏族人(ren)皆尊(zun)奉慕容單于為得姓始祖。
源于(yu)(yu)鮮卑(bei)族,出自三國時(shi)(shi)期鮮卑(bei)慕容,屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)以部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)名(ming)(ming)稱為(wei)氏。在(zai)三國時(shi)(shi)期,鮮卑(bei)慕容部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)首領(ling)莫(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)率領(ling)族人(ren)遷居遼(liao)(liao)西地(di)區(qu),后(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)曾追隨(sui)司馬懿征討(tao)在(zai)遼(liao)(liao)東地(di)區(qu)割據的(de)(de)公孫淵,立下戰功,被封為(wei)率義王。后(hou)(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)在(zai)荊城北(bei)部(bu)(bu)(今河北(bei)昌黎)建立起一(yi)(yi)個(ge)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟(meng)。據說,當(dang)時(shi)(shi)北(bei)方的(de)(de)漢族人(ren)流行戴步搖(yao)冠(一(yi)(yi)種帶有懸垂裝(zhuang)飾(shi)物(wu)的(de)(de)帽子),莫(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)見了(le)(le)(le)很是喜歡(huan),也做了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)頂(ding),整天戴在(zai)頭上。部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)里(li)的(de)(de)鮮卑(bei)族人(ren)見了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)這種打扮,都稱他(ta)為(wei)“步搖(yao)”。因(yin)當(dang)地(di)語(yu)言“步搖(yao)”同“慕容”讀音相(xiang)近(jin),所(suo)以傳(chuan)到后(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)就成了(le)(le)(le)“慕容”,之后(hou)(hou)(hou)莫(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)的(de)(de)族人(ren)們便(bian)干脆以此(ci)稱謂作(zuo)為(wei)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)稱,并以此(ci)為(wei)部(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)王族世(shi)家的(de)(de)姓氏。到了(le)(le)(le)西晉時(shi)(shi)期,莫(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)(hou)代慕容廆(hui)占領(ling)了(le)(le)(le)燕北(bei)、遼(liao)(liao)東一(yi)(yi)帶廣(guang)大(da)地(di)區(qu),自稱鮮卑(bei)大(da)單于(yu)(yu)。慕容廆(hui)的(de)(de)兒子叫(jiao)慕容皝,是一(yi)(yi)個(ge)具有雄(xiong)才大(da)略(lve)的(de)(de)人(ren)物(wu),他(ta)創建了(le)(le)(le)前燕國,從此(ci)正式以慕容為(wei)姓氏,隋唐以后(hou)(hou)(hou),慕容氏族人(ren)多有省(sheng)文簡改為(wei)單性慕氏、容氏者,皆世(shi)代相(xiang)傳(chuan)。
在東晉十(shi)六國時期,慕容氏家族在北方(fang)地(di)區(qu)先后建立(li)了四大燕(yan)國,即(ji)前燕(yan)國、后燕(yan)國、西燕(yan)國、南(nan)燕(yan)國,持(chi)續輝(hui)煌了七十(shi)余年的歷史(shi)。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)單于(yu)、莫護跋、慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)廆。據(ju)《三國志·鮮(xian)卑(bei)傳》中(zhong)記載(zai),漢桓帝時(shi),鮮(xian)卑(bei)分為中(zhong)、東(dong)、西三部,中(zhong)部大夫柯最闕,居慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)寺。歷(li)史上(shang)的鮮(xian)卑(bei)族(zu)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)今(jin)內蒙自治區西拉木(mu)倫河與洮兒(er)河之(zhi)間(jian),慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)的發(fa)源(yuan)地也(ye)在那里,故慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)后人奉(feng)單于(yu)為慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)姓的得(de)姓始祖。
慕(mu)容(rong)復姓(xing)(xing)在中(zhong)國的(de)大陸和(he)臺灣省(sheng)均未列入(ru)百(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)前一(yi)百(bai)位,不過,在宋版(ban)《百(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)》中(zhong)排(pai)序為第(di)四百(bai)三十六位,在復姓(xing)(xing)中(zhong)排(pai)序為第(di)二十八(ba)位。
慕容(rong)(rong)本是(shi)鮮(xian)卑族(zu)的一個(ge)部落名稱,三(san)(san)國(guo)時首領莫護跋率族(zu)人遷至遼西建國(guo),號鮮(xian)卑,在涉歸做(zuo)單(dan)于(yu)時自云:“慕二(er)儀(古指(zhi)天地)之德,繼三(san)(san)光(日月星(xing))之容(rong)(rong)”,因此以慕容(rong)(rong)為姓。
在漢桓帝時,鮮卑分(fen)(fen)而治之,分(fen)(fen)地中(zhong),東,西三區(qu),中(zhong)部由(you)柯最闕(que)統治,他居住在慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)寺(si),故更姓(xing)為慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。相傳(chuan)莫(mo)護跋在棘(ji)城北建(jian)國時,很喜歡北方(fang)漢人(ren)當時很流行的步搖冠(帶(dai)有墜飾的帽子(zi)),也叫人(ren)做了一(yi)頂(ding),整(zheng)天戴在頭上。鮮卑人(ren)因此(ci)戲稱之“步搖”。而由(you)于(yu)語(yu)音與(yu)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)相似(si),后即訛傳(chuan)為慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。他的后人(ren)就將錯(cuo)就錯(cuo),將部落改稱慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。
西晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)期,慕容(rong)(rong)氏族(zu)人建立了燕(yan)(yan)(yan)國,正式(shi)以慕容(rong)(rong)為姓氏。在東(dong)晉(jin)到(dao)十六國時(shi)(shi)期,燕(yan)(yan)(yan)國曾鼎盛一(yi)時(shi)(shi),在北方建有前燕(yan)(yan)(yan),后燕(yan)(yan)(yan),南燕(yan)(yan)(yan),西燕(yan)(yan)(yan)等國,慕容(rong)(rong)姓氏得到(dao)了很廣泛地流(liu)傳。
今(jin)江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘇州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焦作市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫(wen)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、開(kai)封市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、許(xu)昌(chang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮平(ping)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、平(ping)頂(ding)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中牟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),廣東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高(gao)要市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新會區(qu)(qu)、臺山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、珠海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、東莞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高(gao)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳(wu)川市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、信(xin)宜市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、化(hua)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、電白市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、陽(yang)江市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、番禺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、順(shun)德(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧(ning)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沈陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、朝陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、營口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、丹東市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鳳城(cheng)區(qu)(qu),山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、煙臺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棲霞縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、榮成市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蓬萊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),廣西(xi)壯族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)南寧(ning)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、龍(long)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慶陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳(wu)堡縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、綏德(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),湖南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綏寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、瀏陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),黑(hei)龍(long)江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哈爾(er)濱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鶴(he)崗市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河(he)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涿州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、邯(han)鄲市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、利辛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),云南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大理白族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)州(zhou),貴州(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)六枝(zhi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),內蒙古(gu)自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)赤峰(feng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、烏海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成都市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),湖南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),吉林省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吉林市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江津縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),香港特別行(xing)政區(qu)(qu),新加(jia)坡等地,均有慕(mu)容氏(shi)族(zu)人分布。
2022年1月24日,公安部戶(hu)政管理(li)研究中心發布2021年全國姓(xing)名報告(gao)。根據報告(gao),慕容姓(xing)分布最多的(de)省份是(shi)廣東(dong)(70.94%)。
敦(dun)煌(huang)郡(jun):西漢朝(chao)元鼎六年(庚午,公元前111年),漢武帝劉徹將敦(dun)煌(huang)郡(jun)從(cong)酒泉(quan)郡(jun)分(fen)出來置郡(jun),治所在今(jin)甘肅省敦(dun)煌(huang),其時下轄敦(dun)煌(huang)縣(xian)、龍(long)勒(le)縣(xian)、效(xiao)谷縣(xian)、廣至(zhi)縣(xian)、淵(yuan)泉(quan)縣(xian)、冥(ming)安縣(xian)等六個(ge)縣(xian),是為敦(dun)煌(huang)設治之始。敦(dun)煌(huang)郡(jun)據有陽(yang)關、玉門關,與酒泉(quan)郡(jun)、武威(wei)郡(jun)、張掖郡(jun)并(bing)稱河西四郡(jun)。張騫兩次出使西域(yu),開通了(le)連結東(dong)西方的(de)“絲綢之路(lu)(lu)”,敦(dun)煌(huang)成為商旅必(bi)經的(de)絲路(lu)(lu)重鎮和(he)通往西方的(de)三條線路(lu)(lu)的(de)交匯點(dian),并(bing)以此奠(dian)定了(le)敦(dun)煌(huang)在中國歷史上的(de)特殊地位(wei)。
雁門(men)(men)郡(jun):戰國時(shi)期(qi)趙(zhao)國趙(zhao)武靈王(wang)置郡(jun),秦(qin)朝、漢朝沿用,治所在善無(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)右玉),其時(shi)轄地在今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)河曲、五寨、寧武、代縣(xian)一帶。東漢時(shi)期(qi)移(yi)治到(dao)陰館(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)代縣(xian)),此后多以雁門(men)(men)為(wei)郡(jun)、道、縣(xian)建制(zhi)(zhi)戍守(shou)。雁門(men)(men)關之稱(cheng),始自唐(tang)朝初期(qi),因北(bei)方突厥崛起,屢有內犯,唐(tang)朝駐軍(jun)于雁門(men)(men)山(shan),于制(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)點(dian)鐵裹門(men)(men)設關城,戍卒防守(shou)。
遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun):在中(zhong)(zhong)國歷史上,“遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)”這(zhe)個稱謂(wei)有四重(zhong)意(yi)思:①郡(jun)(jun)、國名(ming),戰(zhan)國時(shi)期(qi)(qi)燕(yan)國置郡(jun)(jun),洽所在襄平(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(yang)),其時(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)大(da)(da)凌河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)一帶地(di)(di)區(qu);西(xi)晉時(shi)期(qi)(qi)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)國;十(shi)六國時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)后(hou)燕(yan)末地(di)(di)入東(dong)(dong)海郡(jun)(jun);北(bei)燕(yan)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)又復(fu)置遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun)于(yu)今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)西(xi)部一帶地(di)(di)區(qu);北(bei)齊時(shi)期(qi)(qi)廢黜(chu);到東(dong)(dong)漢(han)安帝時(shi)分(fen)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)、遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)兩郡(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)置遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)屬國都(dou)尉,治(zhi)所在昌黎(li)(今(jin)(jin)義(yi)縣),其時(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)在今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)西(xi)部大(da)(da)凌河(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)下游一帶;三國時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)曹魏(wei)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)昌黎(li)郡(jun)(jun)。②都(dou)司(si)(si)名(ming),明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)洪武四年(辛亥,公元(yuan)1371年)置定(ding)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)都(dou)衛(wei),明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)洪武八年(乙卯,公元(yuan)1375年)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)都(dou)司(si)(si),治(zhi)所在定(ding)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)衛(wei)(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(yang)),其時(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)為(wei)今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)大(da)(da)部地(di)(di)區(qu);自明(ming)(ming)正統(tong)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)因兀良哈諸(zhu)族(zu)南移(yi),漸(jian)失遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)套(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)游兩岸地(di)(di));從明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天啟(qi)元(yuan)年~崇(chong)禎十(shi)五年(辛酉~壬(ren)午(wu),公元(yuan)1621~1642年)期(qi)(qi)間,全境為(wei)后(hou)金(清)所并(bing)。③軍鎮(zhen)名(ming),明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)“九邊”之一,相(xiang)當于(yu)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)都(dou)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)轄(xia)境,主要是鎮(zhen)守總兵官(guan)駐廣(guang)寧(ning)(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)北(bei)鎮(zhen)),明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)隆慶(qing)元(yuan)年(丁卯,公元(yuan)1567年)后(hou)冬季則(ze)移(yi)駐遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(yang)(今(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)寧(ning)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(yang));明(ming)(ming)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)末期(qi)(qi)廢黜(chu)。④地(di)(di)區(qu)名(ming),泛指遼(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)區(qu)。
敦煌堂(tang):以望立堂(tang)。
雁(yan)門堂(tang):以望立堂(tang)。
遼(liao)(liao)東堂:以(yi)(yi)望(wang)立堂。慕(mu)容廆占領燕北、遼(liao)(liao)東一帶,自稱鮮卑大單于(yu),歸屬于(yu)晉朝。晉朝太興初(chu)年封他為“遼(liao)(liao)東公”,慕(mu)容氏因以(yi)(yi)“遼(liao)(liao)東”為堂號。
山東榮成慕容氏宗譜,著(zhu)者待考,民國年間木刻活(huo)字印(yin)本。現(xian)被收藏在山東省威海市(shi)人大主任(ren)馬世(shi)和處(chu)。
廣東(dong)高要(yao)慕(mu)容(rong)氏大(da)宗族譜,(現代)慕(mu)容(rong)遇益始修(xiu),慕(mu)容(rong)瑞(rui)湖續修(xiu),白(bai)粗布手寫版。現被收藏在廣東(dong)省高要(yao)市白(bai)土鎮慕(mu)村(cun)村(cun)委會、三燕文化(hua)研究會的孟昭凱(kai)處。注:據說(shuo)該(gai)支(zhi)慕(mu)容(rong)氏為慕(mu)容(rong)紹奕嫡(di)系后裔。
甘肅(su)慶陽、西峰、鎮原慕容氏合(he)譜,(現代)闔族編修,2005年計算機排印(yin)本。現被收藏在甘肅(su)省圖(tu)書館。
山東榮成慕容氏(shi)字(zi)輩:“德善光(guang)家國恩榮慶世昌”。
山東莒(ju)縣慕容(rong)氏(shi)字輩:“成宏(hong)光振德慶禮堯春希”。
陜西吳堡慕容(rong)氏字輩:“天希文(wen)中錫汝生(sheng)明建(jian)浩學海春云問(wen)吉成”。
吉林(lin)梅河(he)口慕容氏字輩(bei):“明宏(hong)東有(you)成(cheng)本士常全宗德繼文嘉俊學海詠苑(yuan)功。
雙(shuang)楠居士;三(san)品中書:上聯典(dian)指北(bei)(bei)宋朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)的慕(mu)容暉(hui),曾與(yu)蘇軾有(you)過(guo)交往,嗜酒(jiu)而喜歡吟詩,他家有(you)兩株楠木(mu),被人(ren)稱(cheng)為雙(shuang)楠居士。下聯典(dian)指北(bei)(bei)宋朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)的太原(yuan)人(ren)慕(mu)容延釗,字化(hua)龍,后周時(shi),官(guan)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)行營馬步軍(jun)都虞(yu),與(yu)趙(zhao)匡(kuang)胤(yin)關系很好。趙(zhao)建北(bei)(bei)宋,命他以重兵鎮(zhen)守(shou)北(bei)(bei)方(fang),后任殿前(qian)都檢(jian)點、同中書門下三(san)品(宰相)。建隆年間出(chu)任湖南道行營前(qian)軍(jun)都部署,平(ping)定湖南周保權、荊南高繼沖等人(ren)的叛亂,加檢(jian)討(tao)太尉(wei)。
推(tui)命(ming)世(shi)器(qi);授冠將軍(jun):上聯(lian)典(dian)指前燕(yan)朝時期(qi)的慕(mu)容廆(hui)謁張華,華異(yi)之(zhi)曰(yue):“命(ming)世(shi)器(qi)也。”下(xia)聯(lian)典(dian)指后(hou)燕(yan)朝時期(qi)的慕(mu)容垂(chui)投奔(ben)苻堅,堅待以國(guo)土,授冠將軍(jun),封賓(bin)都(dou)侯。
器堪名世;志在凌霄:上聯典指(zhi)前燕(yan)朝(chao)時(shi)期的(de)慕(mu)容廆。下聯典指(zhi)后(hou)燕(yan)朝(chao)時(shi)期的(de)慕(mu)容垂(chui)被苻(fu)堅(jian)重(zhong)用,后(hou)苻(fu)堅(jian)敗(bai)于晉(jin),慕(mu)容垂(chui)遂叛(pan)秦(qin)稱帝(di)于中山,國號后(hou)燕(yan)。
慕(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)(公元?~366年),鮮(xian)卑族,字玄恭(gong),前(qian)燕主慕(mu)容(rong)皝之子;昌黎(li)棘城(今遼(liao)寧義縣)。著名東晉十六(liu)國時期前(qian)燕政治家(jia)、軍(jun)事家(jia)。慕(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)是(shi)前(qian)燕王慕(mu)容(rong)皝的(de)第四子,慕(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)“幼(you)而謹厚,沈深有大度”。因(yin)其母高氏不被寵愛(ai),所以一(yi)直不為慕(mu)容(rong)皝所注意。
慕容隆(公元?~397年),鮮卑族;昌黎棘城人(今(jin)遼寧義縣)。著(zhu)名十六國時(shi)期后燕將領。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)三藏(zang)(公元544~611年待考),燕人。著名隋(sui)朝(chao)大臣。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)父親是(shi)(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)紹宗,《北史(shi)》第(di)五十(shi)三卷中有傳。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)紹宗承(cheng)襲祖、父而任職(zhi)于北魏(wei),封索(suo)盧侯,任北魏(wei)后(hou)(hou)期權臣爾朱兆的(de)長史(shi),朱兆失敗后(hou)(hou)轉(zhuan)投(tou)北齊高(gao)氏。先后(hou)(hou)掌(zhang)管府庫、圖(tu)籍(ji)(ji)諸事,任青州刺史(shi)、御史(shi)中丞、徐州刺史(shi)、尚書左仆射、東(dong)南道行臺(tai)(為(wei)擊(ji)討侯景而設(she))、南道行臺(tai)(為(wei)抗擊(ji)西魏(wei)王思(si)政設(she))等職(zhi)。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)后(hou)(hou)人,史(shi)籍(ji)(ji)中只(zhi)(zhi)提(ti)到其孫慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)知廉(lian)(lian),任唐雍州涇陽縣尉。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)知廉(lian)(lian)之父是(shi)(shi)否就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)上文(wen)中的(de)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)遐(xia)(xia),不(bu)好斷言,因為(wei)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)遐(xia)(xia)只(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)三藏(zang)的(de)兒子之一(yi),慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)知廉(lian)(lian)與(yu)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)遐(xia)(xia)的(de)關系是(shi)(shi)父子還(huan)是(shi)(shi)叔侄,現有的(de)材料還(huan)不(bu)能確定。
慕容(rong)延釗(公(gong)元(yuan)908~964年),字化龍(long);山西(xi)太原人(ren)。著名五(wu)代(dai)、宋(song)初(chu)將(jiang)領。慕容(rong)延釗出(chu)身(shen)將(jiang)門,他(ta)的(de)父親慕容(rong)章(zhang)官至襄州馬(ma)步軍(jun)都校,領開州刺(ci)史。慕容(rong)延釗在少年時代(dai)就(jiu)以(yi)勇敢(gan)干練(lian)聞聲(sheng),后(hou)(hou)漢(han)時他(ta)為(wei)樞(shu)密使郭威的(de)部下(xia)。郭威代(dai)漢(han)建周后(hou)(hou),他(ta)被補為(wei)西(xi)頭供奉官,歷尚食副使、鐵騎都虞(yu)候,后(hou)(hou)周世宗繼(ji)位后(hou)(hou),改任殿(dian)前散指揮使都校、領溪州刺(ci)史。慕容(rong)延釗戎馬(ma)一(yi)(yi)生,他(ta)善(shan)于攻伐(fa),南征北戰,以(yi)軍(jun)事(shi)統(tong)帥的(de)身(shen)份(fen)參加(jia)了(le)后(hou)(hou)周和北宋(song)幾次主要的(de)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰爭,并立下(xia)顯赫戰功。
慕容(rong)彥超(生卒年待考),五代時后(hou)周將軍(jun),曾任兗州(今山東(dong)滋陽)節度(du)使,后(hou)叛周兵敗(bai)自殺。
慕(mu)容農(公元?~398年(nian)),鮮(xian)卑族;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六國時(shi)期后燕將(jiang)領。慕(mu)容農是后燕開國皇帝慕(mu)容垂之子,他與慕(mu)容隆一樣,是慕(mu)容垂的愛姬所(suo)生。
慕容翰(公元?~344年),鮮(xian)卑族,字元邕;昌(chang)黎(li)棘城人(ren)(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。著名十(shi)六國時期(qi)前燕將領。慕容翰為鮮(xian)卑族領袖慕容廆的(de)長子,慕容翰“性雄(xiong)豪,多權略,猿臂工射(she),膂力過人(ren)。”慕容廆甚是驚奇,遂委以重任。
慕容楚強(qiang):生于一八(ba)九四年十(shi)月(yue)二十(shi)七日,家中五兄弟排行老大,從(cong)小聰穎好學(xue),能(neng)文善武(wu),剛正不阿,常為人打抱不平,伸張正義,被譽為“翻天(tian)印”。
慕容浩然:出生于一個貧苦的(de)農(nong)(nong)民(min)家(jia)庭。初小畢業后(hou)在家(jia)務(wu)(wu)農(nong)(nong)。1930年(nian)在家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)參(can)(can)(can)加(jia)農(nong)(nong)民(min)赤衛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。后(hou)因斗(dou)爭環境極(ji)其險惡,被組織(zhi)送到湘鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)縣(xian)城一家(jia)織(zhi)布廠學(xue)織(zhi)布,并改姓羅。1938年(nian),辭(ci)職回(hui)(hui)到家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)瀏陽高田(tian)慕家(jia)沖(chong)參(can)(can)(can)加(jia)抗日(ri)救亡運動(dong)。不(bu)久,加(jia)入(ru)中(zhong)國共產黨(dang)(dang),并任(ren)高田(tian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)支部(bu)書(shu)記(ji)。常利用自(zi)己的(de)織(zhi)布手(shou)藝,走(zou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)村,秘(mi)密從事恢復和(he)發展(zhan)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)組織(zhi)工作。1945年(nian)在平江參(can)(can)(can)加(jia)王震(zhen)領導的(de)南(nan)下支隊(dui)(后(hou)改名(ming)國民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)湖(hu)南(nan)抗日(ri)救國軍(jun)(jun)(jun))。為擴大(da)抗日(ri)力(li)量,自(zi)告奮勇返(fan)回(hui)(hui)瀏陽動(dong)員青年(nian)參(can)(can)(can)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。途(tu)中(zhong),曾(ceng)一度被國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)扣留,遭受毒打(da),始終嚴守機(ji)密。被保釋回(hui)(hui)家(jia)后(hou),仍(reng)積極(ji)設法完成任(ren)務(wu)(wu),并順(shun)利返(fan)回(hui)(hui)部(bu)隊(dui)。不(bu)久,被安排到湖(hu)北(bei)夏陵(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)政學(xue)校(xiao)學(xue)習(xi)。后(hou)回(hui)(hui)原(yuan)部(bu)隊(dui)任(ren)偵(zhen)察員。曾(ceng)多(duo)次深(shen)入(ru)敵占區偵(zhen)察情況,參(can)(can)(can)加(jia)搗毀偽(wei)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)駐點,襲擊日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)輜重(zhong)車輛等戰斗(dou)。同年(nian)9月,隨(sui)部(bu)北(bei)上(shang)途(tu)中(zhong)在河(he)南(nan)光山縣(xian)分別與(yu)兩股拒(ju)降的(de)日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)展(zhan)開激(ji)戰時(shi),左手(shou)和(he)右(you)腿先后(hou)中(zhong)彈負(fu)傷,遂被留在當地農(nong)(nong)民(min)家(jia)養傷。不(bu)久,被國民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)搜查出逮(dai)捕(bu),殺(sha)害于光山縣(xian)郊。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)(公元269年(nian)~333年(nian)),燕國實際締造者,西(xi)晉時,慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)被封為(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑都督,是晉國的一(yi)個軍官(guan),他率本部人馬(ma)居(ju)遼(liao)東(dong)境,與(yu)段鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑和宇文鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑為(wei)鄰。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)與(yu)段鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑結(jie)為(wei)婚姻,同(tong)時大破宇文鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑,聲勢曰益壯大。八王之(zhi)亂(luan)時,自(zi)稱大單(dan)于,由于中原(yuan)大亂(luan),許(xu)多(duo)晉朝官(guan)民(min)前去遼(liao)東(dong),慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)設立郡縣(xian),開辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)校,教以農桑,使世子慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝等(deng)入學(xue)(xue)讀書。孫慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)俊稱帝(di)后,追(zhui)尊慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(hui)為(wei)武宣皇帝(di)。
慕(mu)容(rong)皝(huang)(公元297~348年(nian)(nian)(nian)),鮮卑族(zu),字(zi)元真(zhen),小字(zi)萬年(nian)(nian)(nian),鮮卑族(zu)領袖慕(mu)容(rong)炅第三子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六國時期前燕開國皇帝,軍(jun)事統帥,前燕太祖(zu)文明(ming)皇帝。在位時間從公元337~348年(nian)(nian)(nian)為期十二年(nian)(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)(nian)五十二歲(sui)。
慕(mu)容俊(jun)(公(gong)元317~360年),鮮卑族,字宣英,慕(mu)容皝第(di)二(er)子;昌黎棘城(cheng)人(今遼寧義縣)。著名(ming)十六國時(shi)期前(qian)(qian)燕第(di)二(er)位皇帝(di),前(qian)(qian)燕烈祖景(jing)昭皇帝(di)。在位時(shi)間(jian)從(cong)公(gong)元348~360年為(wei)期十三(san)年,終(zhong)年四十三(san)歲(sui)。
慕容(rong)(rong)暐(wei)(wei)(公(gong)元350年(nian)(nian)—384年(nian)(nian)),鮮卑(bei)族(zu),慕容(rong)(rong)俊第三子;昌黎棘城人(ren)(今遼寧義縣)。著名十(shi)(shi)六國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)前(qian)燕(yan)(yan)第二位皇(huang)帝(di),前(qian)燕(yan)(yan)烈幽皇(huang)帝(di)。在位時間從公(gong)元360~370年(nian)(nian)為(wei)期(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)三十(shi)(shi)四歲。慕容(rong)(rong)俊立以為(wei)皇(huang)太子,后嗣位,公(gong)元370年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)苻(fu)堅攻入鄴(ye)城,慕容(rong)(rong)暐(wei)(wei)外(wai)逃被俘,前(qian)燕(yan)(yan)國(guo)滅亡。
慕(mu)容垂(chui)(chui)(公(gong)元326~396年(nian)),鮮(xian)卑族,昌黎棘(ji)城人(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。十六國時期后燕創建者,后燕世祖成(cheng)武皇帝。在位時間(jian)從(cong)公(gong)元384~396年(nian)為期十三(san)年(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)七(qi)十一歲(sui)。慕(mu)容垂(chui)(chui)原(yuan)為前秦(qin)大將,苻堅慘敗于淝水之戰后,慕(mu)容垂(chui)(chui)即圖恢復(fu)燕國,于公(gong)
元384年稱燕王,兩(liang)年后稱帝,定(ding)都于中山(shan)。
慕(mu)容熙(公(gong)元385~408年(nian)),鮮卑族(zu),字道文,一字長生,慕(mu)容垂少(shao)子(zi);昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。十六國(guo)時(shi)期后燕創(chuang)建者,后燕昭(zhao)文皇帝。在位時(shi)間從(cong)公(gong)元401~408年(nian)為期七(qi)年(nian),終年(nian)二十三歲。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)德(公元335~405年),鮮(xian)卑(bei)族,字(zi)名備德,字(zi)玄明,前燕(yan)皇帝慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝之(zhi)少子(zi),后燕(yan)皇帝慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)垂(chui)之(zhi)弟;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧義縣(xian))。十(shi)六國時期(qi)南燕(yan)創建者,南燕(yan)世宗獻武皇帝。在(zai)位時間從公元398~405年為期(qi)八年,終年七十(shi)歲(sui)。
慕容(rong)超(公(gong)元385~410年),鮮卑族,慕容(rong)德(de)之兄(xiong),北海(hai)王慕容(rong)納之子(zi);昌(chang)黎(li)棘城人(ren)(今(jin)遼寧(ning)義(yi)縣)。十六國時期南(nan)(nan)燕末位(wei)皇(huang)帝(di),南(nan)(nan)燕末帝(di)。在位(wei)時間(jian)從公(gong)元405~410年為(wei)(wei)期六年,終年二十六歲。慕容(rong)德(de)立以為(wei)(wei)太子(zi),慕容(rong)德(de)逝世后(hou)嗣(si)位(wei),公(gong)元410年為(wei)(wei)東晉劉裕所敗,俘送于建康而(er)殺之,南(nan)(nan)燕國滅亡。
慕容(rong)沖(chong)(公元(yuan)359~386年(nian)),鮮卑族,小字鳳皇(huang)(huang),前(qian)燕(yan)帝(di)慕容(rong)俊之子,慕容(rong)暐之弟(di)。著名十(shi)六(liu)國時(shi)期(qi)西(xi)燕(yan)國皇(huang)(huang)帝(di),西(xi)燕(yan)威皇(huang)(huang)帝(di),在位時(shi)間從(cong)公元(yuan)385~386年(nian)為期(qi)一(yi)年(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)二十(shi)七歲。
慕容(rong)永(公(gong)元?~394年(nian)(nian)待考(kao)),鮮卑族,字(zi)叔(shu)明(ming),慕容(rong)部首領(ling)慕容(rong)廆其(qi)弟慕容(rong)運之孫(一說(shuo)為其(qi)子(zi)),前燕(yan)建立(li)者慕容(rong)皝之堂侄。著名十(shi)六國時期(qi)西燕(yan)國末(mo)位皇帝,在位時間(jian)從公(gong)元385~394年(nian)(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)(nian)歲數待考(kao)。