芒果视频

人物簡介

黃中庸(yong)（1030－1110），字(zi)長行，號軍城居(ju)士(shi)，北(bei)宋(song)文學家，政治家，北(bei)宋(song)景祐(you)甲戌進士(shi)大理寺評(ping)事(shi)黃寵之子。

主要經歷

黃中(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)反對(dui)奢侈，生活(huo)儉(jian)仆。宋(song)英宗即(ji)位(wei)之初，朝廷動用國庫(ku)銀兩，大興土木，治(zhi)理永昭山陵。黃中(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)上(shang)(shang)書進言(yan)說(shuo)，國用空乏(fa)，眼前(qian)連軍餉(xiang)也難(nan)以(yi)支付，橫征暴斂的(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)，連有(you)(you)錢人家也怨(yuan)聲載(zai)道(dao)(dao)。并贊(zan)頌了先帝節儉(jian)愛民的(de)(de)舉措。黃中(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)還對(dui)官多政冗的(de)(de)舊(jiu)裕提出批評(ping)意見(jian).，治(zhi)平(ping)二年(nian)（1065）協助司(si)馬光撰(zhuan)寫《資(zi)治(zhi)通鑒(jian)》。并主(zhu)張(zhang)廣開言(yan)路，必能有(you)(you)益(yi)治(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。有(you)(you)些意見(jian)還是頗得英宗贊(zan)賞，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)卻沒(mei)有(you)(you)被采納。熙寧二年(nian)（1069）始，宋(song)神(shen)宗以(yi)王安石為宰相(xiang)，推行新(xin)法，黃中(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)對(dui)新(xin)法增(zeng)加農(nong)稅傷民之舉多有(you)(you)指責，那些對(dui)他有(you)(you)積怨(yuan)的(de)(de)官吏便(bian)把他當成司(si)馬光的(de)(de)元佑(you)黨人，黃中(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)也因此由侍中(zhong)兼樞密院(yuan)副使宰相(xiang)被降為太常(chang)院(yuan)卿。直(zhi)到御史(shi)中(zhong)丞(cheng)呂誨上(shang)(shang)疏(shu)宋(song)神(shen)宗，為他鳴(ming)不平(ping)，這才(cai)讓他調任浙(zhe)江(jiang)提刑(xing)。

在(zai)邵武(wu)府(fu)任(ren)上，黃(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)與司(si)(si)馬(ma)光(guang)(guang)觀點一致(zhi)，因而激怒了王安石。在(zai)任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，平(ping)民俞(yu)興偕妻謀(mou)殺一婦人(ren)，黃(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)寬平(ping)待人(ren)能斷冤獄所活甚(shen)眾未(wei)按新法處置，王安石遂借此(ci)為由，將(jiang)他調(diao)出邵武(wu)府(fu)，降為太(tai)常(chang)博士(shi)，享(xiang)受正七品，后出任(ren)太(tai)常(chang)院丞(cheng)、調(diao)任(ren)北(bei)海知府(fu)。其時，青(qing)苗法正在(zai)施行，黃(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)痛心地(di)說：“我只看到(dao)青(qing)苗法的(de)害(hai)處，實不(bu)忍心看到(dao)無罪之人(ren)觸及刑律。”紹圣初年（1094年），入(ru)為尚寶(bao)卿。二年，進侍中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。四(si)年，拜(bai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)書舍人(ren)（內(nei)閣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)書）。北(bei)宋(song)元(yuan)祐元(yuan)年（1086年）繼任(ren)司(si)(si)馬(ma)光(guang)(guang)宰相(xiang)。他支持(chi)哲(zhe)宗司(si)(si)馬(ma)光(guang)(guang)推(tui)行親民扶民助農(nong)政策(ce)，但反對蔡京以挖掘司(si)(si)馬(ma)光(guang)(guang)墓、廢宣仁太(tai)后來(lai)打擊(ji)元(yuan)祐派的(de)過激做法。北(bei)宋(song)宰相(xiang)黃(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)堅決(jue)支持(chi)章加強邊防、收復失地(di)的(de)政策(ce)，推(tui)薦精兵良將(jiang)為主(zhu)力邊帥，果(guo)大(da)敗夏兵于平(ping)夏城。

宋(song)徽宗崇寧元年（1102年），黃中庸(yong)進(jin)侍中。司馬光的(de)“扶民助耕”戰略正(zheng)進(jin)入收獲階段，鄯、廓(kuo)州撫(fu)定，邊(bian)帥欲舉兵(bing)(bing)渡黃河(he)西(xi)攻。但徽宗是個不思進(jin)取的(de)皇帝，于是朝臣多有見(jian)風使舵，轉而反對(dui)西(xi)進(jin)的(de)，黃中庸(yong)則(ze)堅持兵(bing)(bing)機不可失，宜速(su)進(jin)軍。收復(fu)中原(yuan)失地，黃中庸(yong)也(ye)因此加“光祿大夫(fu)”宰相（宋(song)朝的(de)最高(gao)榮譽獎勵）。

同年(nian)，蔡(cai)京超擢入相。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)為人正(zheng)直，一身正(zheng)氣，而奸(jian)相蔡(cai)京則惡之，二年(nian)，宰(zai)(zai)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)被貶為太(tai)常(chang)(chang)博士(shi)，因不滿蔡(cai)京亂政(zheng)，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)遂辭之，以(yi)病老棄官歸隱興(xing)(xing)化軍(jun)城(cheng)府西巷（福建(jian)莆(pu)田雷山巷瑞龍庵西鍘其(qi)故居黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)文正(zheng)公(gong)祠尚存）。宰(zai)(zai)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)為官清廉(lian)，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)善詩(shi)(shi)(shi)文，《全宋(song)(song)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)》黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)（第七三(san)四二頁有載）《宋(song)(song)史》稱其(qi)“詞(ci)章(zhang)高風亮(liang)節，淳樸雋美(mei)”。告老后還(huan)鄉興(xing)(xing)辦學校在(zai)永(yong)福潼關教忠院收生(sheng)授徒(tu)，在(zai)軍(jun)城(cheng)創建(jian)步(bu)云書院培(pei)養出許多高第名臣。有旨復起黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)為太(tai)常(chang)(chang)寺卿(qing)、侍中(zhong)(zhong)兼樞(shu)密院副使宰(zai)(zai)相，未拜命（宋(song)(song)大(da)觀(guan)庚寅(yin)1110年(nian)）卒，贈侍中(zhong)(zhong)謚(shi)文正(zheng)。宋(song)(song)徽宗賜謚(shi)號(hao)為文正(zheng)；閩縣狀元(yuan)宰(zai)(zai)相許將為銘其(qi)墓(mu)，葬永(yong)福梧桐潼關教忠院山北觀(guan)音疊(die)座穴。所著有《黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)侍中(zhong)(zhong)集》十卷(juan)，《莆(pu)風清籟集》、《文正(zheng)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)稿》各一卷(juan)并行于世。