草蛉(ling)是(shi)(shi)昆(kun)蟲綱脈(mo)翅目中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一個(ge)大科，種類繁多，在我國大部(bu)分地區均有分布，是(shi)(shi)松蚜、柳蚜、桃蚜、梨蚜等各類蚜蟲及(ji)松干蚧(jie)的(de)重要天敵昆(kun)蟲，對森林(lin)苗圃(pu)果園農田中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)蚜蟲蚧(jie)殼(ke)蟲種群數量的(de)消(xiao)長起著(zhu)有效的(de)抑制作用。目前國內外(wai)生(sheng)物防治工(gong)作者對草蛉(ling)的(de)種類、生(sheng)物學(xue)特征及(ji)其保護利用展開了廣泛的(de)研究(jiu)。
草(cao)蛉分布廣泛，具有明顯(xian)的(de)地域性(xing)。由(you)南向北熱(re)帶種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)遞減，北方(fang)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)明顯(xian)增多，并且(qie)北方(fang)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有明顯(xian)地向南擴散的(de)趨勢。在東部(bu)季風環流區，主(zhu)要分布著熱(re)帶種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)、古北區與(yu)東洋區的(de)過渡種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)；在西北干(gan)旱區，以古北區種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)為主(zhu)。在青藏高(gao)原地區存在著一些特殊類(lei)群，如多階草(cao)蛉等。
絹草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)屬(shu)(shu)(Ankylopteryx）主(zhu)要分(fen)布(bu)在江(jiang)西、湖北、湖南、福建、臺灣(wan)、廣東、海(hai)(hai)南、廣西、四(si)川、貴州、云南。飾草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)屬(shu)(shu)(Semachrysa）分(fen)別分(fen)布(bu)于陜西、海(hai)(hai)南、臺灣(wan)、廣西、云南和西藏等地。草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)屬(shu)(shu)(Chrysopa）主(zhu)要集中在北方地區，優勢種(zhong)也比較多，如(ru)麗草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)、葉色草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)、大草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)及多斑草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)。
在不(bu)同地(di)域(yu)有(you)(you)不(bu)同的優勢(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。北方棉區的優勢(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、麗草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、葉(xie)色草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、晉草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)普通(tong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)等種(zhong)(zhong)類。在南(nan)(nan)昌地(di)區常(chang)見的草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)種(zhong)(zhong)類主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、普通(tong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、松氏通(tong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)等；在棉田和(he)玉(yu)米地(di)以大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)主(zhu)，桃、梨、柑(gan)桔等果樹上(shang)則(ze)以普通(tong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)較多(duo)，大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)次之；蔬菜地(di)則(ze)大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)較多(duo)。云南(nan)(nan)省常(chang)見草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)種(zhong)(zhong)類有(you)(you)大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)麗草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，在煙草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)田以大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)數量較多(duo)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)麗草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的數量較少。
卵：橢圓形，長徑1mm左右，一(yi)般多呈綠(lv)色(se)或草綠(lv)色(se)，卵的(de)基部(bu)有(you)一(yi)根富有(you)彈形的(de)絲柄，以絲柄附著于植物的(de)枝(zhi)條(tiao)葉片和樹皮(pi)上。
幼蟲(chong)：多呈紡(fang)錘形，體色通(tong)常為(wei)黃褐(he)色，灰(hui)褐(he)色或赤褐(he)色。頭上(shang)有(you)黑褐(he)色斑紋，口器為(wei)一(yi)對強大彎管，前口式，胸部各節生有(you)大小不同的毛瘤。有(you)發達的胸足三對，幼蟲(chong)行動活潑(po)。
蛹：裸蛹，黃(huang)綠色(se)，橢(tuo)圓形，長12mm左右，卷曲在白色(se)絲質(zhi)繭(jian)中。
成蟲：體(ti)形中等、細長、柔弱，一(yi)般蟲體(ti)和(he)翅脈多為綠色(se)。咀嚼式口器(qi)。觸角(jiao)細長。呈(cheng)線狀(zhuang)。復眼發達，有金屬光澤。頭(tou)部常見黑(hei)褐色(se)斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)紋，區分(fen)為唇基斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、頰斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、角(jiao)上斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、角(jiao)下斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)后頭(tou)斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，頭(tou)斑(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)數量和(he)位置是(shi)分(fen)種的(de)(de)特征(zheng)。翅二對，膜質(zhi)透明，前后翅的(de)(de)形狀(zhuang)及脈紋相似，脈紋細而(er)多呈(cheng)網狀(zhuang)，在邊緣分(fen)叉。
草蛉幼蟲(chong)期共3齡(ling)(ling)，可捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)蚜蟲(chong)、介殼蟲(chong)、木虱、粉虱等昆(kun)蟲(chong)，捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)多種昆(kun)蟲(chong)的(de)(de)卵(luan)和蛾類的(de)(de)幼蟲(chong)，還可捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)昆(kun)蟲(chong)排泄的(de)(de)蜜(mi)露、植物(wu)蜜(mi)腺的(de)(de)分(fen)泌物(wu)和花粉。草蛉幼蟲(chong)有自相(xiang)殘殺的(de)(de)習性，在(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)料不足情況下，自相(xiang)殘殺的(de)(de)習性表現(xian)得更為嚴重。處在(zai)狹小的(de)(de)空間(jian)里草蛉幼蟲(chong)之間(jian)會(hui)有較強(qiang)的(de)(de)相(xiang)互干擾和競爭作用。在(zai)同(tong)一環(huan)境下，1頭葉色草蛉2齡(ling)(ling)幼蟲(chong)的(de)(de)可捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)棉(mian)蚜39.5頭，而2 頭幼蟲(chong)的(de)(de)捕(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)量僅(jin)為60.5頭。在(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)充足的(de)(de)情況下，2種幼蟲(chong)共存的(de)(de)機(ji)會(hui)較多，如果食(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)不足，會(hui)發生(sheng)相(xiang)互殘殺的(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。
草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)的成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)羽化后，必須(xu)補充(chong)營養方(fang)可(ke)產(chan)(chan)卵，主要取(qu)食(shi)花(hua)(hua)粉、花(hua)(hua)蜜和多種(zhong)蟲(chong)(chong)卵。人工飼養時，若食(shi)料不(bu)足，或密度過大(da)時，成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)有(you)取(qu)食(shi)自產(chan)(chan)卵的習性(xing)，在饑餓(e)時大(da)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)會咬食(shi)同種(zhong)其(qi)他(ta)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)。草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)的產(chan)(chan)卵前期因種(zhong)類(lei)不(bu)同而有(you)差異，大(da)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)一般為8~10d，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)為4~6d，普通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)為5~7d，松氏通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)為7~8d。成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)壽命長，大(da)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)一般30~45d，越冬(dong)代成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)有(you)的可(ke)達(da)88d之(zhi)久，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)30~35d，普通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)25~30d，松氏通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)28~39d。成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)的產(chan)(chan)卵量因種(zhong)類(lei)不(bu)同而異，據室(shi)內飼養觀察大(da)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)產(chan)(chan)卵量最高，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)和松氏通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)次之(zhi)，普通(tong)(tong)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)最少(shao)。成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)有(you)趨光性(xing)和趨青性(xing)。
草(cao)蛉(ling)幼(you)蟲因(yin)有(you)相互殘(can)殺的(de)(de)習(xi)性，在人工(gong)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)容器內(nei)一般放(fang)有(you)隔(ge)離物，減少幼(you)蟲間的(de)(de)相互接觸和(he)殘(can)殺。草(cao)蛉(ling)的(de)(de)人工(gong)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)，可以選(xuan)用(yong)米蛾卵或(huo)人工(gong)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)的(de)(de)粉飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)如發面干粉、蜂蜜(mi)、蔗糖等。Vanderzant報道(dao)了(le)普(pu)通草(cao)嶺幼(you)蟲的(de)(de)液體飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)，以酪蛋白水解液和(he)大豆水解液為主，后來對(dui)配(pei)(pei)方進(jin)行了(le)一系列改進(jin)，并(bing)對(dui)該飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)學方面進(jin)行了(le)分析(xi)。啤酒(jiu)酵(jiao)母水解物、酪蛋白水解物和(he)雞蛋黃配(pei)(pei)成的(de)(de)液體飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)為另(ling)一種(zhong)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)。
飼(si)養成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)時，先集中用(yong)(yong)15%蜂(feng)蜜水(shui)飼(si)養4~5d，待成熟和交尾(wei)后(hou)，再移入產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)盒(he)中，讓其產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)。用(yong)(yong)啤酒(jiu)(jiu)酵(jiao)母—蔗(zhe)(zhe)糖干(gan)粉飼(si)料(liao)飼(si)養大草(cao)蛉成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，能(neng)夠產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)，成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)成活率(lv)與(yu)以蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)飼(si)養的(de)(de)成活率(lv)相比差異不顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)；與(yu)粉狀(zhuang)(zhuang)飼(si)料(liao)飼(si)養大草(cao)蛉相比，用(yong)(yong)啤酒(jiu)(jiu)酵(jiao)母—蔗(zhe)(zhe)糖半固體(ti)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)飼(si)料(liao)飼(si)養的(de)(de)大草(cao)蛉產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)前期、產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)期、產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)量等方面都有顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)改善，啤酒(jiu)(jiu)酵(jiao)母—蔗(zhe)(zhe)糖半固體(ti)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)飼(si)料(liao)中添加(jia)酵(jiao)母水(shui)解(jie)物(wu)后(hou)，成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)前期有所縮短(duan)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)量和所產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)受精率(lv)提(ti)高、平均(jun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)期顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)延長，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)孵化率(lv)明顯(xian)(xian)(xian)提(ti)高，與(yu)用(yong)(yong)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)飼(si)養的(de)(de)大草(cao)蛉相比差異不顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)。由于成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)會取(qu)食(shi)自產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)，所以要經常檢查產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)盒(he)，發現有卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)箔要及(ji)時取(qu)出，一(yi)般1d取(qu)1次，產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)盛期1d取(qu)2次。取(qu)下的(de)(de)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)箔按產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)日期集中一(yi)起，或繼續飼(si)養，或冷藏保存備用(yong)(yong)。
1975年(nian)開始試驗用中華草(cao)蛉(ling)防(fang)治果樹(shu)紅蜘蛛(zhu)為害，不(bu)斷地進行室(shi)內人工飼養和(he)野外釋(shi)放工作，至1977年(nian)將防(fang)治面積擴(kuo)大到90余公(gong)頃。通(tong)過釋(shi)放草(cao)蛉(ling)卵，有效地控制了(le)(le)(le)果樹(shu)紅蜘蛛(zhu)的為害，不(bu)但減少了(le)(le)(le)農藥使用次(ci)數，節省了(le)(le)(le)開支和(he)勞(lao)力(li)，而且提高了(le)(le)(le)防(fang)治效果和(he)減少了(le)(le)(le)對環境的污染(ran)。
草蛉(ling)(ling)適于在野外進行人工釋放，在溫室(shi)和暖棚(peng)內，同樣有著明(ming)顯的(de)(de)治(zhi)蟲效果。例如1977年(nian)，在北京四季(ji)青公社試驗站，利用人工飼養(yang)的(de)(de)中華(hua)草蛉(ling)(ling)防治(zhi)溫室(shi)內為害黃(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)瓜(gua)(gua)白粉虱，取得了良好防治(zhi)效果。
草蛉(ling)能有(you)效(xiao)地消滅(mie)很多種類的農業害蟲，是一類重要的天敵昆蟲，開展(zhan)對(dui)該物種的人(ren)工繁(fan)殖、飼(si)養工作早被提到(dao)日(ri)程上來。有(you)計劃(hua)地把人(ren)工伺養的草蛉(ling)釋放到(dao)田間，達到(dao)消滅(mie)害蟲的目(mu)的，更是成果輝煌。
中國河南省某地(di)，曾在棉(mian)田中釋(shi)放草(cao)蛉防(fang)治(zhi)棉(mian)鈴(ling)蟲(chong)，四五(wu)天便使棉(mian)鈴(ling)蟲(chong)的(de)卵和幼蟲(chong)減退了80%。
21世紀(ji)初，草蛉作為(wei)天敵昆蟲(chong)的研究，仍在(zai)各(ge)地(di)不(bu)斷地(di)開(kai)展，在(zai)技(ji)術方法(fa)上(shang)和滅蟲(chong)效果上(shang)都不(bu)斷地(di)取得了新的成果。
草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)是(shi)全變(bian)態昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，一(yi)(yi)生中(zhong)有(you)卵(luan)、幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、蛹和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)四種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)形態，在(zai)卵(luan)期和(he)(he)蛹期的(de)(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)取食(shi)，捕食(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)在(zai)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)時期，其中(zhong)尤以(yi)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期捕食(shi)量大(da)，是(shi)消滅害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要時期。草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)長得丑陋，捕食(shi)兇猛，人們把(ba)(ba)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期的(de)(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)又叫做(zuo)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)。蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)十(shi)分活躍，雖(sui)然沒有(you)翅膀(bang)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)隨意飛翔(xiang)，但卻能(neng)不(bu)(bu)停(ting)地在(zai)植物上(shang)爬行，到(dao)處尋找害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)捕食(shi)。蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)捕食(shi)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)卵(luan)，主(zhu)(zhu)要的(de)(de)武器是(shi)生在(zai)頭(tou)前方的(de)(de)上(shang)、下顎(e)，每(mei)當其發現目(mu)標后(hou)，會(hui)張(zhang)開上(shang)、下顎(e)，把(ba)(ba)目(mu)標緊(jin)緊(jin)地夾住。上(shang)、下顎(e)上(shang)生有(you)可(ke)以(yi)使消化(hua)液(ye)流到(dao)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)上(shang)的(de)(de)細溝，能(neng)溶(rong)解(jie)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)身體(ti)的(de)(de)液(ye)體(ti)順著(zhu)顎(e)上(shang)的(de)(de)細溝流到(dao)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)上(shang)，害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)身體(ti)的(de)(de)組織會(hui)被溶(rong)解(jie)，而(er)溶(rong)解(jie)的(de)(de)液(ye)體(ti)又馬上(shang)被蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)吸到(dao)肚子里(li)。如(ru)此，一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)最(zui)后(hou)只(zhi)剩下了一(yi)(yi)張(zhang)空殼(ke)。每(mei)頭(tou)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)一(yi)(yi)天可(ke)以(yi)吸食(shi)百十(shi)頭(tou)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。有(you)趣的(de)(de)是(shi)有(you)的(de)(de)種類象亞非(fei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)等，每(mei)當把(ba)(ba)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)吃(chi)盡吸光(guang)后(hou)，還把(ba)(ba)吸空的(de)(de)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)殼(ke)背在(zai)背上(shang)，不(bu)(bu)停(ting)地行走。據統計，一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)獅(shi)在(zai)整個幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期消滅的(de)(de)蚜(ya)(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)平(ping)均可(ke)在(zai)七(qi)八百頭(tou)以(yi)上(shang)！
草蛉是(shi)多食性(xing)昆蟲(chong)，除捕(bu)(bu)食多種軟體的(de)(de)(de)昆蟲(chong)和(he)(he)螨類(lei)(lei)外，也取食昆蟲(chong)排出的(de)(de)(de)蜜(mi)露(lu)、植物蜜(mi)腺的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)泌物和(he)(he)花(hua)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)等。所捕(bu)(bu)食的(de)(de)(de)昆蟲(chong)包(bao)括(kuo)同翅目(mu)(mu)(蚜(ya)蟲(chong)、介(jie)殼(ke)蟲(chong)、粉(fen)(fen)(fen)虱、木虱、葉蟬等)，纓翅目(mu)(mu)(薊馬(ma))，鱗翅目(mu)(mu)(蝶和(he)(he)蛾類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)卵(luan)和(he)(he)小(xiao)幼(you)蟲(chong))，鞘(qiao)翅目(mu)(mu)(葉甲(jia)等甲(jia)蟲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)卵(luan)和(he)(he)幼(you)蟲(chong))，膜(mo)翅目(mu)(mu)(葉蜂的(de)(de)(de)卵(luan))等許多重要的(de)(de)(de)農林(lin)害蟲(chong)。但也捕(bu)(bu)食一小(xiao)部分(fen)益蟲(chong)，如雙翅目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)食蚜(ya)蠅(卵(luan)和(he)(he)幼(you)蟲(chong))以及脈翅目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)蛉(幼(you)蟲(chong)和(he)(he)蛹)等，甚至(zhi)可以同類(lei)(lei)互相殘殺(sha)，這點在飼養時是(shi)需(xu)要特別(bie)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)。
草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)的(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)量是較大(da)的(de)(de)，從文獻中可以舉出一(yi)(yi)些(xie)實例：大(da)蚜(ya)(ya)獅(即大(da)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling))幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)一(yi)(yi)生(8一(yi)(yi)10天(tian))可食(shi)(shi)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)677.6頭(tou)，成蟲(chong)(chong)(5一(yi)(yi)8天(tian))平均可食(shi)(shi)蚜(ya)(ya)488.22頭(tou)，一(yi)(yi)個世代每(mei)個草(cao)(cao)嶺平均能消滅1041.44頭(tou)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)。但(dan)也有(you)的(de)(de)報告，食(shi)(shi)蚜(ya)(ya)量要(yao)低的(de)(de)多。九紋草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(即麗草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)）一(yi)(yi)個幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)一(yi)(yi)生(15天(tian))平均食(shi)(shi)菜蚜(ya)(ya)Brevicoryne brassicae L.2,077頭(tou),一(yi)(yi)個成蟲(chong)(chong)則(ze)食(shi)(shi)蚜(ya)(ya)達4,000頭(tou)以上(shang)。
普(pu)通草蛉(ling)吃介(jie)殼蟲的記錄(lu)也是驚人的，在我(wo)國臺灣省(sheng)，一個幼蟲可(ke)吃3,780頭(tou)介(jie)殼蟲；在中東，一個幼蟲14天吃介(jie)殼蟲(Massococcus sp.)的卵6,457粒。在法國，普(pu)通草蛉(ling)幼蟲捕食多種葡萄(tao)害(hai)蟲，一個蚜獅(shi)至成長(chang)可(ke)以吃葡萄(tao)綴穗蛾Polychrotisbotrana Schiff的幼蟲60頭(tou)。
農(nong)藥的(de)(de)種類及(ji)使用(yong)劑(ji)量(liang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)有(you)(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)對(dui)(dui)(dui)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)氯、菊酯類農(nong)藥等的(de)(de)耐受(shou)力(li)(li)較(jiao)強(qiang)，但是對(dui)(dui)(dui)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)磷(lin)、氨基甲(jia)酸醋類農(nong)藥敏感；幼(you)(you)期比成蟲(chong)的(de)(de)耐藥力(li)(li)強(qiang)。微生物(wu)殺蟲(chong)劑(ji)、植(zhi)物(wu)提取物(wu)、殺螨劑(ji)和(he)(he)殺菌(jun)劑(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)生長發育和(he)(he)生殖力(li)(li)等無明顯的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。滅幼(you)(you)脲Ⅰ號(hao)和(he)(he)滅幼(you)(you)脲Ⅱ號(hao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)成蟲(chong)的(de)(de)致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用(yong)較(jiao)小，但可導致(zhi)(zhi)成蟲(chong)不育，對(dui)(dui)(dui)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)和(he)(he)卵有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用(yong)。抑太保則(ze)對(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)草(cao)(cao)嶺成蟲(chong)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用(yong)。擬除蟲(chong)菊酯類藥劑(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)三氟氯氰菊酯對(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)毒力(li)(li)高出氰戊菊酯44~81倍。
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