瑞麗江(jiang)—大盈(ying)江(jiang)國(guo)家級風景名勝區(qu)位于云南(nan)省(sheng)西部,與緬甸接壤(rang)。周邊有騰(teng)沖熱海、保山博(bo)南(nan)古道(dao)以及緬甸北部的風景旅游資源(yuan),形成境內三個景區(qu)鼎足(zu)而立。
1994年瑞(rui)麗江—大盈江被國(guo)務院(yuan)公布為國(guo)家級風景(jing)(jing)名勝區(qu)后,由(you)于(yu)德(de)宏州旅(lv)游(you)發(fa)(fa)展理(li)念(nian)和相(xiang)關配套制(zhi)度(du)、措施尚不成熟,致使風景(jing)(jing)區(qu)的(de)規劃(hua)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)、資源(yuan)利用、保(bao)護形(xing)勢不容樂觀。2007年12月(yue)瑞(rui)麗江—大盈江在國(guo)家級風景(jing)(jing)名勝區(qu)綜合整治中(zhong)驗收(shou)不合格(ge)被建(jian)(jian)設部(bu)黃(huang)牌警告,要求限(xian)期整改,全省僅此一例的(de)現(xian)實讓(rang)德(de)宏的(de)旅(lv)游(you)形(xing)象受損(sun),基于(yu)這樣的(de)事實,通過實地考(kao)察、問卷調查和訪談法(fa),對風景(jing)(jing)區(qu)存在的(de)轉讓(rang)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)經營(ying)權、監管(guan)信(xin)息(xi)系統建(jian)(jian)設滯(zhi)后、風景(jing)(jing)區(qu)大量修建(jian)(jian)水電站等問題進行了調查和分析,提出了加強立法(fa)、完(wan)善規劃(hua),科學開(kai)發(fa)(fa)、合理(li)保(bao)護,收(shou)回經營(ying)權,加強數字信(xin)息(xi)化監管(guan)系統建(jian)(jian)設及創建(jian)(jian)文明景(jing)(jing)區(qu)等對策。
瑞(rui)麗江(jiang)—大盈(ying)江(jiang)國家級(ji)風(feng)景名勝(sheng)區(qu)總體結構(gou)為“二線(xian)、三片區(qu)、一(yi)邊”。
“二線(xian)”即瑞(rui)麗江(jiang)(jiang)、龍川(chuan)江(jiang)(jiang)和大盈江(jiang)(jiang)游覽線(xian)。瑞(rui)麗江(jiang)(jiang),上游稱龍川(chuan)江(jiang)(jiang),發源于高黎貢山(shan)西側的騰沖縣境(jing)內,由瑞(rui)麗流(liu)(liu)入(ru)緬甸,注入(ru)伊(yi)洛瓦底江(jiang)(jiang),以(yi)交錯變化的峽谷及平壩河(he)流(liu)(liu)景觀(guan),田(tian)園(yuan)牧歌式(shi)的邊地風光為景觀(guan)特征。大盈江(jiang)(jiang)游覽線(xian),以(yi)江(jiang)(jiang)岸迂回曲折,水(shui)流(liu)(liu)平緩的壩區河(he)流(liu)(liu)景觀(guan),南亞熱帶植物景觀(guan)與星落(luo)棋布的傣家村寨構成一(yi)幅山(shan)水(shui)如(ru)畫的田(tian)園(yuan)風光。
“三(san)片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)”即潞(lu)西(xi)片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、瑞(rui)麗片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、盈江(jiang)片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),潞(lu)西(xi)片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)含芒市(shi)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)三(san)仙洞(dong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。芒市(shi)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)水(shui)庫景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)、名勝古跡(ji)、歷史(shi)建筑等人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)構成(cheng)(cheng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)色(se)。三(san)仙洞(dong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)巖溶景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)、民(min)間傳說和(he)(he)溫泉為(wei)(wei)(wei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)色(se)。瑞(rui)麗片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),含畹(wan)町景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、瑞(rui)麗姐(jie)告景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)南姑(gu)(gu)河(he)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。畹(wan)町景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)江(jiang)河(he)、瀑布、亞(ya)熱帶雨林(lin)、邊境(jing)口(kou)岸城(cheng)市(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要特(te)色(se)。瑞(rui)麗姐(jie)告景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)榕樹群落、佛(fo)教建筑、歷史(shi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)古跡(ji)、邊境(jing)口(kou)岸城(cheng)市(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體構成(cheng)(cheng)。南姑(gu)(gu)河(he)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)文(wen)物(wu)古跡(ji)、鉻尖晶沙礦區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)河(he)流為(wei)(wei)(wei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)。盈江(jiang)片區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),含允燕(yan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、凱邦(bang)亞(ya)湖景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)銅(tong)壁(bi)關自(zi)(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。允燕(yan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)盈江(jiang)允燕(yan)山公園及民(min)族文(wen)化(hua)(hua)風情為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要特(te)色(se)。凱邦(bang)亞(ya)湖景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)多島嶼、多水(shui)灣的大型人(ren)工水(shui)庫和(he)(he)植物(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)構成(cheng)(cheng)。銅(tong)壁(bi)關自(zi)(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)原始森(sen)林(lin)、熱帶季雨林(lin)—桫欏林(lin)及珍(zhen)稀動植物(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)資源為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要特(te)色(se)。
“一邊(bian)”即(ji)漫長的(de)邊(bian)境線(xian),國境線(xian)長503.8公里(li),與緬(mian)甸(dian)接壤的(de)邊(bian)境口岸城鎮,通道如瑞麗(li)、畹町(ding)、弄(nong)島、拉影、姐告等的(de)邊(bian)境貿易、寶玉(yu)石交易,熱帶(dai)、亞(ya)熱帶(dai)風(feng)光、異國情調和(he)南傳上座部佛教文化為(wei)背景的(de)民俗風(feng)情,眾多的(de)口岸城鎮及通道,為(wei)邊(bian)貿往來和(he)出入境旅游(you)創造(zao)了良(liang)好條件。