芒果视频

西周夔紋禁是西周時期的(de)青銅器，現收藏于天(tian)津博(bo)物館。

文物歷史

1926年曾為(wei)古(gu)玩店(dian)學徒的(de)(de)陜西(xi)軍閥黨玉(yu)琨(kun)，組織人員在(zai)(zai)寶雞(ji)斗雞(ji)臺戴家溝進行大(da)規模的(de)(de)盜掘，挖出了(le)大(da)批珍貴的(de)(de)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就有這件西(xi)周夔紋銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)。后(hou)來黨玉(yu)琨(kun)在(zai)(zai)戰(zhan)亂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)死去，他盜掘的(de)(de)這批文(wen)物(wu)(wu)落(luo)在(zai)(zai)了(le)隸屬國(guo)民革命軍第二集團(tuan)軍的(de)(de)宋(song)(song)哲元(yuan)手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。宋(song)(song)哲元(yuan)將其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)一部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)送(song)給了(le)馮玉(yu)祥，大(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)則(ze)運回了(le)北京(jing)、天津，有很多則(ze)被(bei)轉賣(mai)到國(guo)外(wai)，此件夔紋銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)則(ze)一直(zhi)保(bao)存在(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)哲元(yuan)在(zai)(zai)天津的(de)(de)家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。抗日(ri)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)期間(jian)，日(ri)軍占(zhan)領天津英租界，并(bing)對宋(song)(song)哲元(yuan)的(de)(de)公館(guan)查抄，掠去很多財物(wu)(wu)，這件銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)也在(zai)(zai)劫難逃，宋(song)(song)哲元(yuan)三弟宋(song)(song)慧泉得知此事后(hou)多方打點才(cai)將這件銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)及其(qi)(qi)他文(wen)物(wu)(wu)從日(ri)軍手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)贖回，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)盡心收藏(zang)保(bao)管。直(zhi)到1968年，天津文(wen)物(wu)(wu)管理處在(zai)(zai)宋(song)(song)氏親屬家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，發現(xian)了(le)被(bei)砸成幾十塊(kuai)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)碎塊(kuai)，加上文(wen)物(wu)(wu)工作(zuo)者在(zai)(zai)物(wu)(wu)資回收部(bu)門找到的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)碎塊(kuai)。1972年5月送(song)到北京(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)歷(li)史博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)由高英、張蘭惠(hui)等(deng)老師傅進行修復。首先(xian)進行整(zheng)形，然后(hou)進行焊接，缺(que)失(shi)的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)用厚銅(tong)(tong)板補配，并(bing)按原樣予以鏨(zan)花，最后(hou)在(zai)(zai)補的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)再作(zuo)上假銹。西(xi)周銅(tong)(tong)禁(jin)又完好如初(chu)地展(zhan)現(xian)它的(de)(de)風采。

文物特征

西周夔紋(wen)銅(tong)禁高23厘(li)米，長(chang)126厘(li)米，寬46.6厘(li)米。整體(ti)呈扁(bian)平立體(ti)長(chang)方形(xing)(xing)，中空無底，禁面上有三個(ge)微凸起(qi)的橢圓形(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)口(kou)，中間的子(zi)(zi)口(kou)略小于兩邊子(zi)(zi)口(kou)，禁前后兩面各(ge)(ge)有兩排鏤空的長(chang)方形(xing)(xing)孔(kong)十(shi)六個(ge)，左右兩面各(ge)(ge)有兩排鏤空的長(chang)方形(xing)(xing)孔(kong)四個(ge)，禁的四周都飾有精(jing)美(mei)的夔紋(wen)，紋(wen)飾生動，造型端莊，鑄(zhu)造精(jing)良。

文物鑒賞

傳(chuan)世(shi)的(de)(de)西周銅(tong)禁(jin)僅見兩件，此其一。另一件夔紋(wen)銅(tong)禁(jin)現藏于美(mei)國(guo)(guo)紐約大都會博物(wu)館，禁(jin)上(shang)及周圍(wei)擺放(fang)了各式(shi)青(qing)銅(tong)酒具(ju)。禁(jin)這(zhe)種形制的(de)(de)銅(tong)器在國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外均(jun)十分罕見，極其珍貴(gui)，天津博物(wu)館藏的(de)(de)這(zhe)件西周夔紋(wen)銅(tong)禁(jin)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)出土(tu)的(de)(de)銅(tong)禁(jin)中(zhong)形體最大的(de)(de)一件，亦為我(wo)國(guo)(guo)禁(jin)止(zhi)出國(guo)(guo)（境）展覽(lan)文物(wu)，它是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)青(qing)銅(tong)器中(zhong)的(de)(de)稀世(shi)珍品。是(shi)研究中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)青(qing)銅(tong)禁(jin)歷史(shi)的(de)(de)珍貴(gui)實(shi)物(wu)資料。