一.產品介紹
湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊原來(lai)叫做胡(hu)羊,源于(yu)北方(fang)蒙古羊,距今(jin)已有1000多年歷(li)史。據(ju)歷(li)史資料(liao)記載,南(nan)宋遷都臨安,黃河流域的(de)居民大(da)(da)量南(nan)移(yi),同時把飼養(yang)(yang)在冀、魯、豫(yu)的(de)“大(da)(da)白(bai)羊”攜至江南(nan),主要飼養(yang)(yang)在江浙(zhe)兩省(sheng)交(jiao)界的(de)太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)流域一帶。又據(ju)宋《談志》記載,原先湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊主要分布于(yu)浙(zhe)江西北部的(de)安吉、長興(xing)等縣(xian),后(hou)來(lai)逐漸由山(shan)(shan)區(qu)移(yi)向(xiang)平原,由放牧轉入舍飼,經過人們(men)長期馴養(yang)(yang)和(he)選育,逐步形(xing)成了(le)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊品(pin)種。 21世紀以來(lai),羊肉消(xiao)費需求(qiu)日(ri)益增(zeng)加價格也不斷攀(pan)升(sheng),規模化(hua)、生態化(hua)、標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)養(yang)(yang)殖不斷發(fa)(fa)展,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展迅速。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)多次舉辦湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊文(wen)化(hua)節(jie)和(he)賽羊會(hui),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊文(wen)化(hua)得(de)到(dao)了(le)弘揚(yang)。南(nan)潯區(qu)練市鎮(zhen)被(bei)授(shou)予“湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊文(wen)化(hua)名(ming)鎮(zhen)”榮譽稱號,長興(xing)縣(xian)呂山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)被(bei)授(shou)予“浙(zhe)江湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”; 2015年長興(xing)呂山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊獲得(de)全國“十大(da)(da)魅力農產(chan)品(pin)”稱號,德清新市湖(hu)(hu)(hu)式剪羊肉被(bei)編入了(le)《中(zhong)國名(ming)菜譜》, 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)練市鎮(zhen)榮膺(ying)浙(zhe)江省(sheng)餐飲(yin)協(xie)會(hui)頒發(fa)(fa)的(de)“紅(hong)燒羊肉第一鎮(zhen)”美譽。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素
1、生(sheng)態(tai)條(tiao)件(jian)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)地(di)處浙江北部(bu)(bu),太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)南岸,緊鄰江蘇(su)、安徽兩省,是一個河流(liu)成網(wang)(wang)、交(jiao)通(tong)方便、土壤(rang)肥沃、氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫暖、雨量充(chong)沛(pei),適(shi)宜發展糧食、畜牧等綜合(he)性(xing)農業(ye)生(sheng)產的(de)地(di)區(qu)。現轄(xia)三縣、兩區(qu),東部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)水鄉平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),西部(bu)(bu)以山地(di)、丘(qiu)陵為(wei)(wei)主,俗稱“五山一水四分田(tian)”。全(quan)市(shi)地(di)勢大致由西南向東北傾斜(xie),西部(bu)(bu)多山,東部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水網(wang)(wang)區(qu)。京(jing)杭(hang)大運河及(ji)東、西苕溪,杭(hang)寧、申(shen)蘇(su)浙皖、申(shen)嘉湖(hu)(hu)(hu)高(gao)(gao)速及(ji)104、318國道等貫穿。獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)水網(wang)(wang)區(qu)域和(he)(he)丘(qiu)陵平(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)相間(jian)的(de)環(huan)境(jing),給湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)產提供(gong)了優越的(de)環(huan)境(jing)條(tiao)件(jian),同(tong)時(shi)也給飼養(yang)區(qu)間(jian)形成理想的(de)防(fang)疫隔離屏(ping)障(zhang)。 2、氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)條(tiao)件(jian)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)地(di)處北亞熱(re)帶季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu),季(ji)風顯(xian)著,四季(ji)分明;雨熱(re)同(tong)季(ji),降水充(chong)沛(pei);光(guang)溫同(tong)步,日照(zhao)充(chong)沛(pei);氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫和(he)(he),空氣(qi)濕潤;地(di)形起(qi)伏(fu)高(gao)(gao)差大,垂直氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)較明顯(xian)。全(quan)市(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫12.2~17.3℃,無(wu)霜期224~246天(tian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)(shu)1613~2430小時(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)太陽輻射總量102~111千卡/平(ping)方厘米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水量761~1780毫(hao)米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水日數(shu)(shu)116~156天(tian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)相對濕度均(jun)在80%以上。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)風向季(ji)節(jie)變化明顯(xian),冬半(ban)年(nian)(nian)(nian)盛行(xing)西北風,夏半(ban)年(nian)(nian)(nian)盛行(xing)東南風,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)風速1.7~3.2米/秒。獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)條(tiao)件(jian)非常適(shi)合(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)生(sheng)活,有利于(yu)提高(gao)(gao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)品質(zhi),同(tong)時(shi)也有利于(yu)水稻、桑(sang)樹、蔬菜和(he)(he)茶(cha)葉種(zhong)植及(ji)牧草和(he)(he)飼料(liao)作物生(sheng)長(chang),更(geng)形成了 “桑(sang)基魚塘”的(de)特(te)(te)色,為(wei)(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)產提供(gong)豐富的(de)農作物秸稈飼料(liao)資(zi)源外更(geng)為(wei)(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)(zhou)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)提供(gong)良好的(de)飼養(yang)場地(di)。
三.地域范圍
湖州湖羊(yang)產地(di)為湖州市(shi)(shi)域全境,轄吳(wu)興(xing)(xing)和南潯2個區和德清、長(chang)興(xing)(xing)、安吉(ji)3個縣,具體分(fen)布(bu)于44個鄉(xiang)(鎮)、511個行政(zheng)村。陸地(di)分(fen)別與杭(hang)州余杭(hang)區、嘉興(xing)(xing)桐鄉(xiang)市(shi)(shi)、江(jiang)蘇吳(wu)江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)、安徽寧國和廣(guang)德市(shi)(shi)、江(jiang)蘇宜興(xing)(xing)市(shi)(shi)相鄰,北面與太(tai)湖相連。位于東(dong)經119度(du)(du)14分(fen)至120度(du)(du)29分(fen)、北緯30度(du)(du)22分(fen)至31度(du)(du)11分(fen)之(zhi)間,東(dong)西長(chang)126公(gong)(gong)里(li),南北寬(kuan)90公(gong)(gong)里(li)范圍(wei)內,總面積5818平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)。
四.產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性特征
1、感官特(te)征 1.1外貌(mao)特(te)征 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屬短脂(zhi)尾綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。體(ti)(ti)格中等(deng)(deng)(deng),頭狹(xia)(xia)長(chang)而清秀(xiu),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)均(jun)無(wu)(wu)角,鼻骨隆起,眼大(da)(da)凸出,多(duo)數耳大(da)(da)下(xia)垂。頸細(xi)長(chang),體(ti)(ti)軀偏(pian)狹(xia)(xia)長(chang),肩胸(xiong)較(jiao)狹(xia)(xia)窄,背腰平直(zhi),腹微下(xia)垂,尾扁園且(qie)尾尖上翹,四肢偏(pian)細(xi)而高(gao)(gao),母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)尻(kao)部略(lve)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)耆甲,乳房發(fa)達(da)(da)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)型較(jiao)大(da)(da),前軀發(fa)達(da)(da),胸(xiong)寬(kuan)深,胸(xiong)毛粗長(chang)。 1.2生產(chan)(chan)特(te)征 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)終年(nian)舍(she)飼,適應高(gao)(gao)溫高(gao)(gao)濕環(huan)境。早期生長(chang)發(fa)育快(kuai),6月齡羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)可達(da)(da)成年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)的(de)(de)70%以上,成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)分別為65公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤、45公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)成熟早,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)5~6月齡性(xing)(xing)成熟,四季發(fa)情,多(duo)胎多(duo)羔(gao),平均(jun)產(chan)(chan)羔(gao)率(lv)為230%左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)(chan)肉(rou)性(xing)(xing)能高(gao)(gao),屠宰(zai)率(lv)和凈肉(rou)率(lv)分別為52%和38%左右(you)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)質(zhi)細(xi)嫩多(duo)汁,胴體(ti)(ti)美觀、均(jun)稱、光(guang)凈、有(you)彈性(xing)(xing),肉(rou)呈棕紅色(se),脂(zhi)肪(fang)分布(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)初生所宰(zai)剝的(de)(de)小湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)皮(pi)皮(pi)板輕(qing)柔(rou)、毛色(se)潔白、花紋呈波浪(lang)狀、光(guang)澤美觀。 2、獨特(te)的(de)(de)內(nei)在(zai)品質(zhi) 湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肥(fei)羔(gao)肉(rou)蛋白質(zhi)達(da)(da)17%-19%,人(ren)體(ti)(ti)所需(xu)(xu)要的(de)(de)必(bi)需(xu)(xu)氨(an)(an)基(ji)酸種類齊全,氨(an)(an)基(ji)酸總量在(zai)14%-17%,谷氨(an)(an)酸、天門冬氨(an)(an)酸、亮(liang)氨(an)(an)酸、賴氨(an)(an)酸、纈氨(an)(an)酸及蘇(su)氨(an)(an)酸等(deng)(deng)(deng)氨(an)(an)基(ji)酸的(de)(de)含(han)量均(jun)較(jiao)豐富,尤其(qi)是谷氨(an)(an)酸、賴氨(an)(an)酸含(han)量高(gao)(gao),占必(bi)需(xu)(xu)氨(an)(an)基(ji)酸總量的(de)(de)16.5%和8.7%。 3、產(chan)(chan)品相關標準與規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan) 2013年(nian),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)市湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)養(yang)殖比重(zhong)(存欄(lan)20只以上)為66.35%,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖逐漸由(you)散養(yang)向(xiang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)化方向(xiang)發(fa)展。遵照農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品認證產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境檢測管(guan)(guan)理辦法》(農(nong)(nong)(nong)質(zhi)安發(fa)【2003】9號)、《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)食品產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境質(zhi)量調查規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》(NT/T5335-2006)、《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)食品產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境評價準則(ze)》(NT/T5295-2004)及《無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)食品畜(chu)禽用(yong)水水質(zhi)》(NY5027-2008)等(deng)(deng)(deng)國家強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)技術(shu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)要求(qiu),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)州(zhou)市太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)專業(ye)合作(zuo)社(she)、長(chang)興(xing)永盛(sheng)牧業(ye)有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、南潯練市年(nian)豐湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖場(chang)、吳興(xing)明峰湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)殖場(chang)、南潯雅克家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)養(yang)殖場(chang)均(jun)通過湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)、產(chan)(chan)品認證。同時,根據《種畜(chu)禽管(guan)(guan)理條(tiao)例》(1994,國務院令153號發(fa)布(bu)(bu))、《種畜(chu)禽生產(chan)(chan)經營許可證管(guan)(guan)理辦法》(2004,農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部令第38號修(xiu)訂)、《中華人(ren)民共(gong)(gong)和國畜(chu)牧法》及《中華人(ren)民共(gong)(gong)和國動物防疫(yi)法》等(deng)(deng)(deng)法律法規(gui)(gui)(gui)和湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)品種特(te)性(xing)(xing)、等(deng)(deng)(deng)級評定標準(GB 4631-2006),修(xiu)訂頒布(bu)(bu)《湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼養(yang)技術(shu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》(DB 3305/T27—2013)。
五.特定生產方式
1、環境與設(she)施(shi) 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)選(xuan)址要(yao)(yao)地勢高燥,水(shui)(shui)(shui)源充足(zu);距(ju)離生(sheng)(sheng)活飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)源地、動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)屠宰加(jia)工場(chang)(chang)(chang)所(suo)(suo)、動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)和動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)集貿市場(chang)(chang)(chang)500米(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)布局要(yao)(yao)合(he)理(li)(li),有圍墻,管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)與生(sheng)(sheng)活區(qu)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)分(fen)離,建(jian)(jian)有相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)防(fang)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)、排泄物(wu)(wu)處理(li)(li)等(deng)配套(tao)設(she)施(shi),污道(dao)凈道(dao)分(fen)設(she)。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)坐北朝南(nan)建(jian)(jian)設(she),偏東不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)30度,保持(chi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)縱向(xiang)軸線與當(dang)(dang)(dang)地常年(nian)主(zhu)導風(feng)向(xiang)呈(cheng)30度-60度角;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)間(jian)距(ju)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)5米(mi)~7米(mi),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)欄(lan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)沿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)長(chang)軸方(fang)向(xiang)呈(cheng)單列或(huo)(huo)雙列布置,羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)舍(she)(she)檐高2.5m以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)床采(cai)用木條、老毛竹條或(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥預制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)鋪成(cheng),間(jian)隔1cm-1.5cm空隙(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)漏糞尿。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)內必須配備(bei)柵欄(lan)、食(shi)(shi)槽、飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)槽或(huo)(huo)自動(dong)(dong)乳頭(tou)式飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)器、羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)補(bu)料(liao)(liao)槽、冰箱等(deng)設(she)施(shi)。 2、品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性能 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)快、成(cheng)熟早(zao)、四季發情(qing)、多(duo)胎(tai)(tai)多(duo)產(chan)(chan)(chan),所(suo)(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)羔(gao)皮花紋美(mei)觀,為(wei)我國特有的(de)(de)(de)羔(gao)皮用優良地方(fang)綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性情(qing)溫順,食(shi)(shi)性雜(za),耐粗飼(si)(si)(si),易管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)技(ji)術(shu) 3.1 羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)后30分(fen)鐘內及(ji)(ji)時吃上(shang)(shang)初(chu)乳,羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)后40日(ri)齡內對于母(mu)(mu)(mu)乳不(bu)(bu)足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)羔(gao)做(zuo)好人工輔助或(huo)(huo)用代乳品(pin)(pin)(pin)哺喂(wei), 7—10日(ri)齡羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)開始補(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)優質青干草和粗蛋白為(wei)16%的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao), 45日(ri)-70日(ri)齡體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)15公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)左右羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)施(shi)斷(duan)(duan)奶,斷(duan)(duan)奶后羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)按(an)照公(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)、大小分(fen)群(qun)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。 3.2 育(yu)肥羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 保證生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)所(suo)(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)充足(zu)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),出(chu)(chu)(chu)欄(lan)前(qian)45天-60天進(jin)行短(duan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)育(yu)肥,育(yu)肥后期(qi)(qi)(qi)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行休(xiu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi),達(da)不(bu)(bu)到休(xiu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de),禁止出(chu)(chu)(chu)售。 3.3 繁殖(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 空懷期(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)群(qun)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)主(zhu),配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)對母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)實(shi)行短(duan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)優飼(si)(si)(si),配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后至30天內應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)降(jiang)低營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)標(biao)(biao)準,妊娠第一(yi)(yi)個(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)保證母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)環境安靜,妊娠31天至90天,可適(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)加(jia)料(liao)(liao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)干草為(wei)主(zhu),妊娠90天至分(fen)娩前(qian),按(an)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)膘情(qing),逐步(bu)(bu)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)加(jia)料(liao)(liao),不(bu)(bu)隨意改變飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)式和羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)換欄(lan),減少(shao)并(bing)圈和驅趕運動(dong)(dong),避免(mian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)激(ji)造成(cheng)流產(chan)(chan)(chan);臨(lin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)前(qian)7天,做(zuo)好乳房保健(jian);分(fen)娩結(jie)束后,應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)給(gei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)喂(wei)麩(fu)皮鹽湯,產(chan)(chan)(chan)后1~3天內適(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)減少(shao)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)和青綠飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂(wei)量,母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)娩3天~5天后,日(ri)糧精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)逐步(bu)(bu)增加(jia),干草自由采(cai)食(shi)(shi);斷(duan)(duan)奶前(qian)7天~10天應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)減少(shao)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)和多(duo)汁飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)喂(wei)量,防(fang)止乳房炎的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。 3.4 配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 初(chu)配年(nian)齡為(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)35公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)-10月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡、體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)45公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),初(chu)配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)到成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)70%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);一(yi)(yi)般以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春秋(qiu)二季配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong), 4月(yue)(yue)(yue)-6月(yue)(yue)(yue)份、9-11月(yue)(yue)(yue)份配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)宜,現實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中注意避開7月(yue)(yue)(yue)-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)產(chan)(chan)(chan)仔;合(he)理(li)(li)安排生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)模式,實(shi)現2年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)3胎(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)(biao),提倡推廣“一(yi)(yi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)帶雙羔(gao)”和“羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)適(shi)(shi)時斷(duan)(duan)奶或(huo)(huo)提前(qian)斷(duan)(duan)奶”等(deng)實(shi)用配套(tao)技(ji)術(shu)。 4、選(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)技(ji)術(shu) 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)本品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)為(wei)主(zhu),后備(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)考(kao)慮同胞(bao)數(shu)、羔(gao)皮等(deng)級和體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)選(xuan)育(yu)指標(biao)(biao),盡量從多(duo)羔(gao)的(de)(de)(de)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)后代中選(xuan)留個(ge)體(ti),初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)重(zhong)(zhong)2.25 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)2 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);同胎(tai)(tai)羔(gao)數(shu)公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)2頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang),母(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)3頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);六月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡平均體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)羔(gao)為(wei)35kg、公(gong)(gong)羔(gao)為(wei)45 kg,成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)平均體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)79 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)50 kg以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。保持(chi)能繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)更新率(lv)在(zai)25%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang);及(ji)(ji)時淘汰更新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang),防(fang)止近親交配。 5、疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)預防(fang)控制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu) 湖羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)環境、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質符合(he)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)條件和無公(gong)(gong)害農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關規(gui)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)求;生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中不(bu)(bu)得(de)使(shi)用《食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)禁用的(de)(de)(de)獸(shou)(shou)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)其他化(hua)合(he)物(wu)(wu)清(qing)單》規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu),出(chu)(chu)(chu)售前(qian)用藥(yao)(yao)(yao)必須執行《獸(shou)(shou)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)休(xiu)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)規(gui)定(ding)》;羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)立日(ri)常衛生(sheng)(sheng)消(xiao)毒(du)制(zhi)度和緊(jin)急消(xiao)毒(du)預案;嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)程序(xu),免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)時間(jian)可根據生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)實(shi)際和產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)力的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)確定(ding),并(bing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)檢測抗體(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平。其他疫(yi)(yi)(yi)病(bing)預防(fang)免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)根據當(dang)(dang)(dang)地疫(yi)(yi)(yi)情(qing)或(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)部門(men)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)確定(ding)。 6、產(chan)(chan)(chan)后處理(li)(li)技(ji)術(shu) 羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)(chang)(chang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)記錄表格(ge),準確完整地填寫生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)情(qing)況(kuang)(包括引進(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、初(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)、二月(yue)(yue)(yue)齡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、補(bu)料(liao)(liao)數(shu)量、免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)(yi)注射日(ri)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、診斷(duan)(duan)與用藥(yao)(yao)(yao)、肉羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)售、病(bing)死羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)無害化(hua)處理(li)(li)等(deng)記錄);種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、可繁母(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)登記編號、佩帶耳標(biao)(biao),并(bing)記錄其主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)性能;根據原(yuan)始記錄,定(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)行統計、分(fen)析(xi)和總結(jie),及(ji)(ji)時指導生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。
六.包裝標識相關(guan)規定
湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州市域全境(jing)從(cong)事湖(hu)(hu)(hu)羊生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者,在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝(zhuang)上使(shi)用(yong)已(yi)獲(huo)登(deng)記保(bao)護的農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),須向(xiang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)州市畜牧獸(shou)醫(yi)局提出(chu)申請,簽訂標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)協議(yi),并按照相關要(yao)求規范生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),統(tong)一采用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名稱和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相結合(he)的標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注方法(fa)。