一.產品介紹
在(zai)(zai)我們(men)冀村仁(ren)(ren)巖一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶,腦(nao)(nao)袋是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)隨便(bian)讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)摸(mo)和拍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),即使是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),也要(yao)引起當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)警(jing)示:“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao),頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)碰就惱!”據(ju)說,這(zhe)(zhe)與那(nei)明末清(qing)初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)關哩! 仁(ren)(ren)巖人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi),字古遺(yi),丁丑年(nian)(1637)進士(shi),曾任尉(wei)氏縣知縣,歷官靈壽、雄縣,擢兵(bing)科(ke)給(gei)事(shi)(shi)中(zhong),曾因制軍事(shi)(shi)兵(bing)形條(tiao)例八事(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)聞名(ming),在(zai)(zai)朝為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官時(shi),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)避(bi)權貴,曾彈劾周廷儒十(shi)大罪狀(zhuang),論(lun)情似(si)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)義之(zhi)嫌,但以(yi)公論(lun),則顯(xian)得(de)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)大公無私。想(xiang)當(dang)年(nian),提督袁繼(ji)咸被誣下(xia)獄,傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)薛宗周赴京伸冤,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冤案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)反立下(xia)了汗馬(ma)功(gong)(gong)勞。。 就在(zai)(zai)大明崇(chong)(chong)禎年(nian)間(jian),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)子來(lai)了不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)三立書(shu)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)個(ge)英俊瀟灑風(feng)流倜儻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由(you)于他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性豁達開朗,所以(yi)時(shi)常聚在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起談(tan)古論(lun)今,并立志報效國家(jia)。 那(nei)時(shi)候,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)中(zhong)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)富裕,要(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)那(nei)十(shi)畝薄地(di)墊底,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艱(jian)難(nan)(nan)可想(xiang)而(er)(er)知,全仰仗那(nei)幾分土特產(chan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),總(zong)(zong)算可以(yi)維持下(xia)去。 長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)巖村傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土特產(chan),特點是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)面(mian)(mian)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),甜而(er)(er)有(you)絲,營養滋補(bu)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)極佳,這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)都有(you)“食(shi)(shi)補(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)冬春”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣。 曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)親曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)廷強,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樂善好(hao)(hao)施,道(dao)惟(wei)古處,俠以(yi)義聞,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)親耿氏柔貞(zhen)作則,巽順(shun)(shun)宜家(jia)。每當(dang)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)省城(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)學(xue)(xue)來(lai)家(jia)里,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)總(zong)(zong)要(yao)把平(ping)時(shi)舍(she)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)吃(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)拿出(chu)來(lai),給(gei)年(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)炒(chao)兩道(dao)好(hao)(hao)菜(cai)。這(zhe)(zhe)也難(nan)(nan)怪,汾陽人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好(hao)(hao)客是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)了名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),在(zai)(zai)吃(chi)上(shang)也很(hen)講(jiang)究,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)豪富還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)貧寒(han)之(zhi)家(jia),來(lai)了客人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)總(zong)(zong)要(yao)想(xiang)法(fa)調樣(yang)搞幾盤(pan)象樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菜(cai)哩! 同(tong)學(xue)(xue)當(dang)中(zhong)有(you)個(ge)叫傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)陽曲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),有(you)著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)武藝,而(er)(er)且(qie)還詩(shi)書(shu)畫并舉,與曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系特別(bie)好(hao)(hao),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)發現(xian),只要(yao)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)來(lai)到(dao)(dao)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)總(zong)(zong)能(neng)吃(chi)到(dao)(dao)當(dang)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)菜(cai)――羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)喜歡(huan)吃(chi),所以(yi)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見(jian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)來(lai)了,總(zong)(zong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)拿這(zhe)(zhe)道(dao)菜(cai)來(lai)款待(dai)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)。 “羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”,“煨(wei)(wei)”字上(shang)見(jian)功(gong)(gong)夫(fu),羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紅潤(run)細嫩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羯羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)潔白如玉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),通過慢火(huo)之(zhi)“煨(wei)(wei)”,將羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)華煨(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)了肥而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)膩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湯(tang)汁,再加(jia)上(shang)幾段蔥(cong)綠青(qing)翠(cui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香芫荽,更讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由(you)得(de)垂涎欲滴胃(wei)口大開。 傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)還發現(xian),村里頭(tou)(tou)(tou)那(nei)些老人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)個(ge)紅光滿面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都很(hen)精(jing)神,問及平(ping)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲食(shi)(shi)習慣,無外乎時(shi)常蒸(zheng)食(shi)(shi)那(nei)些賣不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掉(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)疙節(jie)(jie)(jie)節(jie)(jie)(jie)。他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)對醫學(xue)(xue)本就很(hen)感(gan)興趣,回家(jia)后(hou)查閱資料,才知道(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公可以(yi)治(zhi)諸虛百損,療五勞七傷,還具有(you)補(bu)心(xin)氣(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足、強精(jing)骨、益(yi)腎氣(qi)、健脾胃(wei)、化痰涎、潤(run)皮毛等(deng)美(mei)容(rong)功(gong)(gong)效哩!崇(chong)(chong)禎十(shi)六年(nian),李(li)自成(cheng)(cheng)攻(gong)(gong)陷太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)驅直(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)(ru)居庸(yong)關,一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)后(hou)攻(gong)(gong)占(zhan)北京,崇(chong)(chong)禎皇帝吊死煤(mei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),同(tong)年(nian),清(qing)軍入(ru)(ru)關,李(li)自成(cheng)(cheng)敗走陜西。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)(dao)戰亂(luan)平(ping)息,就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)沒(mei)有(you)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任何消(xiao)息,家(jia)里人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都很(hen)清(qing)楚,依他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脾性,一(yi)(yi)(yi)定是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舍(she)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)取義寧死不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)久后(hou)得(de)到(dao)(dao)實信(xin),果然他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)已經為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀了,于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)村北曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)氏祖墳內為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)設(she)衣冠(guan)冢一(yi)(yi)(yi)座,以(yi)示紀念(nian)。那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian),家(jia)中(zhong)老母(mu)親病(bing)重(zhong),傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)結合母(mu)親的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)情,在(zai)(zai)仁(ren)(ren)巖“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)煨(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang),加(jia)了蓮(lian)菜(cai)等(deng)材料,制成(cheng)(cheng)有(you)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“八珍(zhen)湯(tang)”,也叫“十(shi)全大補(bu)湯(tang)”。清(qing)兵(bing)入(ru)(ru)關后(hou),傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多次組織反清(qing)復明活動,但總(zong)(zong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)失敗而(er)(er)告終,心(xin)灰意冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)將“八珍(zhen)湯(tang)”改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”,在(zai)(zai)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)橋頭(tou)(tou)(tou)街,傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)賣“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋪子寫下(xia)了“清(qing)和元”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招(zhao)牌,以(yi)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”原(yuan)(yuan)料之(zhi)雜碎(sui)寓(yu)諷大清(qing)朝與元朝一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang),都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)異族侵入(ru)(ru),以(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)與“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”這(zhe)(zhe)同(tong)音,以(yi)體現(xian)傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣(qi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)。清(qing)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)八年(nian),傅(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)同(tong)三晉著(zhu)名(ming)詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)胡庭來(lai)到(dao)(dao)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們(men)看望了曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)母(mu),有(you)感(gan)于曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)英勇不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)(qu)慷慨而(er)(er)戰為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)奮筆疾書(shu)寫下(xia)了“古遺(yi)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屬(shu):第一(yi)(yi)(yi)流人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匾(bian)額,以(yi)贊揚曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民族氣(qi)節(jie)(jie)(jie),此(ci)匾(bian)額一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)懸(xuan)掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尚堂門廊下(xia),日本人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)占(zhan)據(ju)仁(ren)(ren)巖時(shi)被毀。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”,曾做為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢品呈獻大清(qing)王朝,尤(you)其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那(nei)注重(zhong)美(mei)容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou),對太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)“頭(tou)(tou)(tou)腦(nao)(nao)”更是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)情有(you)獨鐘。據(ju)愛好(hao)(hao)美(mei)食(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老北京們(men)講(jiang),在(zai)(zai)清(qing)宮膳(shan)食(shi)(shi)譜中(zhong),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)地(di)還特別(bie)注明為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“汾陽仁(ren)(ren)巖長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)”,這(zhe)(zhe)使得(de)當(dang)時(shi)與白面(mian)(mian)同(tong)價的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仁(ren)(ren)巖長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)間(jian)名(ming)揚京城(cheng)。
二(er).自然(ran)生態環(huan)境和(he)人(ren)文歷史因素
冀(ji)村鎮境(jing)內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)(ping)坦,土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃,氣候適中(zhong),水(shui)源(yuan)充(chong)足具有優(you)越獨(du)(du)特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)環境(jing)。該地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處黃(huang)土(tu)(tu)高原地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶,土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚、土(tu)(tu)松(song)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)酸堿(jian)度接近中(zhong)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沙壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。全境(jing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)(ping)(ping)坦,海(hai)拔739米左右。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣溫9.7℃,無(wu)霜期178天,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均降水(shui)467.2毫米,境(jing)內(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均相對(dui)濕(shi)度為(wei)61%。日照比較(jiao)充(chong)足,光(guang)照條件(jian)較(jiao)好,太陽(yang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)輻射量(liang)為(wei)132.4千卡/平(ping)(ping)(ping)方厘(li)米左右,年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照平(ping)(ping)(ping)均時(shi)(shi)數在2607~2974小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)之間。土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)不粘不沙,保水(shui)保肥,有機質(zhi)(zhi)豐富,境(jing)內(nei)干濕(shi)季交替(ti)明顯,有利于(yu)有機物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分解和(he)礦物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)風化,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)表層70%以上為(wei)砂質(zhi)(zhi)到(dao)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)(zhi),土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)為(wei)均勻,通透性(xing)好,有機質(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均含量(liang)為(wei)2.9%。這里土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃,交通順暢,地(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)位較(jiao)深(shen),且(qie)蘊藏量(liang)大,渠道縱橫,灌(guan)溉便利,獨(du)(du)特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)和(he)優(you)越的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候條件(jian)有利于(yu)冀(ji)村長(chang)(chang)山藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),為(wei)冀(ji)村長(chang)(chang)山藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)良品質(zhi)(zhi)提供了強大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢。
三.地域范圍
根據(ju)冀(ji)(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山(shan)藥的(de)(de)產地(di)特(te)點和(he)品(pin)質(zhi)要(yao)求,冀(ji)(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)長山(shan)藥地(di)理標志地(di)域保(bao)護范圍確(que)定在(zai):汾(fen)陽市境內(nei)的(de)(de)冀(ji)(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)、杏花(hua)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)等2個鎮(zhen)23個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun),即:冀(ji)(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)冀(ji)(ji)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、仁(ren)巖村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、艾子村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、唐(tang)興(xing)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、城子村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、古賢莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、南浦(pu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)河頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)馬寨村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)陳家(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)遙莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大會頭村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、菩提(ti)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)宋(song)家(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、西九枝(zhi)社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)九枝(zhi)社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、李家(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)社村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、富家(jia)(jia)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)杏花(hua)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)杜村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、辛(xin)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、永安村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、官道(dao)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。總(zong)面積5002.02公頃,產量120048噸(dun)。地(di)理坐標:北緯37°15'2"~37°22'10",東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)經(jing)111°53'50"~112°0'2"。全境地(di)勢平(ping)(ping)坦,平(ping)(ping)均海拔739米。自(zi)然地(di)形為開闊平(ping)(ping)坦的(de)(de)沖積平(ping)(ping)原,是太原盆地(di)的(de)(de)一部分。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
1.外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官特征:冀村長山藥條(tiao)塊順(shun)直,塊莖肉質肥厚(hou),直徑5厘米左(zuo)右,圓柱形(xing),表(biao)皮光(guang)潔色(se)淡,有紫紅斑,根(gen)毛細(xi)而稀少,皮薄、薯肉色(se)澤潔白,肉質細(xi)膩無纖(xian)維,易熟(shu),熟(shu)后(hou)性綿,質地綿而不(bu)柴,香氣(qi)濃郁(yu)。掰(bai)開(kai)后(hou)有白色(se)黏液,黏度高、粉性足、色(se)白、肉身如玉,啖食(shi)無渣。
2.內在質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)指標:冀村長山藥營養價值(zhi)高,可食(shi)率(以(yi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)計)>95.0%。山藥塊莖(jing)中蛋白質(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)約2.0~3.5g/100g,淀粉(fen)含量(liang)(liang)9.8~16.5g/100g,總(zong)膳食(shi)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)(以(yi)干(gan)基(ji)計)4.0~5.6g/100g,鈣8.2~10.3mg/100g,鉀388~527mg/100g,鐵0.10~0.36mg/100g,粗纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)0.37~0.59g/100g,粗多糖(以(yi)葡萄糖計)0.41~0.66g/100g,維(wei)(wei)生素C 7.3~9.1mg/100g,維(wei)(wei)生素B1 0.037~0.063mg/100g,可溶(rong)性(xing)固形物5.7~8.3%。
3.安(an)(an)全要(yao)求:嚴格(ge)按照“冀村(cun)長山藥栽培技術規程”進(jin)行生(sheng)產(chan)和管理(li)(li)(li)。“冀村(cun)長山藥”合(he)理(li)(li)(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)肥料、農(nong)藥等(deng)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)投入品(pin)(pin),嚴禁使(shi)用(yong)(yong)國家(jia)明(ming)令禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)高(gao)劇(ju)毒、高(gao)殘留農(nong)藥,嚴格(ge)執行農(nong)藥使(shi)用(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)全間隔期。在收購前(qian)15天,對生(sheng)產(chan)基地隨(sui)機抽取樣品(pin)(pin)進(jin)行農(nong)殘和重金屬檢(jian)驗(yan),符合(he)NY5112-2005產(chan)業(ye)(ye)標準(zhun)(zhun)以及無公害食(shi)品(pin)(pin)NY5013-2006林果類產(chan)品(pin)(pin)產(chan)地環(huan)境條件(jian),以及GB4285農(nong)藥安(an)(an)全使(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則,GB/T8321農(nong)藥合(he)理(li)(li)(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則等(deng)相關標準(zhun)(zhun)和要(yao)求。
五.特定生產(chan)方(fang)式
1.產地(di)選擇(ze)與特殊內(nei)容(rong)規(gui)定(ding)產地(di)要(yao)求:汾陽市冀村鎮(zhen),土壤為(wei)酸堿度接近中性的壤質土地(di),土種類型為(wei)褐(he)土,土層(ceng)深厚,通透性好。土質結構組成合(he)理(li)、質地(di)好,特別適合(he)于冀村長山藥(yao)種植生產。環境(jing)質量(liang):冀村長山藥(yao)基地(di)遠離城區、工業污染源和生活垃圾(ji)場等(deng)。要(yao)選擇(ze)空氣清(qing)新、水質純凈(jing),具(ju)有良好生態環境(jing)的地(di)區。
2.品種選(xuan)擇與提純(chun)復壯(zhuang) 冀村長山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)品種為(wei)歷史上遺(yi)留(liu)(liu)下(xia)來的(de)地(di)方品種——汾山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)。由于山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)是無(wu)性繁殖,連續(xu)多(duo)年栽培(pei)必然造成(cheng)品種退化,產量下(xia)降。在有關(guan)技術人員的(de)指導下(xia),通過(guo)種薯(shu)選(xuan)優與山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)豆(零(ling)余子(zi)(zi)(zi))繁殖相結合的(de)方法進(jin)行提純(chun)復壯(zhuang),每年收獲時或出售前(qian)截秧(yang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)時按照整薯(shu)質量選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)秧(yang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)的(de)標準(zhun)是秧(yang)辮(bian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)粗短,頂(ding)芽飽滿(man),塊莖光潔個(ge)大,無(wu)分枝(zhi)分杈,無(wu)病蟲危害,而將不標準(zhun)秧(yang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)淘汰。同時每年用山(shan)(shan)藥(yao)(yao)豆繁殖一些新秧(yang)子(zi)(zi)(zi),以(yi)補充不足部分。
3. 生產控制
(1)整(zheng)地(di)施肥(fei)(fei)整(zheng)地(di):土(tu)壤封凍前耕地(di),按120cm帶劃線挖溝(gou),溝(gou)寬50cm,深60~100cm,溝(gou)間距70cm。將(jiang)挖出的土(tu)放在(zai)溝(gou)兩邊(bian),經過(guo)冬季(ji)凍融日曬分(fen)化后(hou)(hou),于第2 年春天土(tu)壤解凍后(hou)(hou),在(zai)溝(gou)內回(hui)填(tian)(tian)土(tu),回(hui)填(tian)(tian)時要分(fen)層(ceng)踩實(shi)。然后(hou)(hou)進行施肥(fei)(fei)做(zuo)畦(qi),畦(qi)寬120cm,使(shi)溝(gou)居(ju)畦(qi)中。施肥(fei)(fei):肥(fei)(fei)料使(shi)用要符合(he)DB14/87中肥(fei)(fei)料使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze),滿足無公害山藥對肥(fei)(fei)料的要求,結合(he)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)土(tu),一般(ban)每公頃施優質(zhi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)45000kg,硫酸鉀(jia)型氮(dan)磷鉀(jia)(氮(dan)、磷、鉀(jia)含量分(fen)別是(shi)15%)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)600~750kg。
(2)種薯處理選種:選用經過休眠的健壯、無(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)山(shan)藥(yao)(yao)栽子(zi),或直徑3-4cm左右(you),長(chang)10cm的山(shan)藥(yao)(yao)段(duan)。曬種:播(bo)種前(qian)進(jin)行曬種,栽子(zi)曬種2~3天,山(shan)藥(yao)(yao)段(duan)曬種4~5天。藥(yao)(yao)劑(ji)浸(jin)種:播(bo)種前(qian)為防止種薯帶病(bing)(bing)(bing),要用0.1%~0.3%的鐵滅克(TMK)溶液浸(jin)種7~10h防治(zhi)山(shan)藥(yao)(yao)線蟲病(bing)(bing)(bing),用50%的多菌(jun)靈可濕(shi)性粉劑(ji)500倍(bei)液浸(jin)種1h防治(zhi)枯萎病(bing)(bing)(bing)。
(3)播種播種期:10cm地溫穩定在9~10℃時,開始(shi)播種。汾陽冀村地區一般在4 月(yue)中旬(xun)。播種方法(fa):在畦內挖溝(gou)的地方開小溝(gou),溝(gou)深(shen)8~10cm,每畦種2行,溝(gou)內2 行相距35cm,開溝(gou)后將栽子(種薯(shu))以芽為準(zhun),按株(zhu)距25~30cm,將芽朝一個(ge)方向(xiang)平放溝(gou)中,覆土(tu)8cm后輕輕踩壓(ya),使(shi)栽子與土(tu)壤緊密結合。播種量:每公頃(qing)用種薯(shu)57000~64500個(ge)。
(4)田間(jian)管理(li)疏苗(miao):出(chu)苗(miao)后(hou),進行疏苗(miao)。畝留苗(miao)6000株左右。適時(shi)支(zhi)架(jia):山藥蔓(man)(man)長(chang)30~50cm 時(shi),用竹竿或高(gao)粱稈每株插1根,搭成人字架(jia)或四腳(jiao)架(jia),架(jia)高(gao)約2m,并(bing)(bing)及時(shi)扶蔓(man)(man)上(shang)架(jia)。中耕松土:在(zai)生(sheng)長(chang)季節要(yao)進行3~5次中耕松土并(bing)(bing)除草。合(he)(he)理(li)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui):播前澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)底墑水(shui),促快發芽。生(sheng)長(chang)前期(qi)不澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui),待莖(jing)(jing)蔓(man)(man)進入旺盛(sheng)生(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)(出(chu)苗(miao)后(hou)40~50天)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)發棵(ke)水(shui),現(xian)蕾前澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)促莖(jing)(jing)葉(xie)、塊莖(jing)(jing)生(sheng)長(chang)。現(xian)蕾后(hou)30天澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)第3次水(shui),促塊莖(jing)(jing)增長(chang)。追肥(fei):發棵(ke)期(qi)進行1~2次追肥(fei),每公(gong)頃施45%硫酸鉀(jia)(jia)型氮(dan)磷鉀(jia)(jia)復合(he)(he)肥(fei)450~600kg,并(bing)(bing)結合(he)(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)進行。最(zui)后(hou)1次追肥(fei)應在(zai)收獲前30~40天進行。
(5)主(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治按照“預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu),綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)(fang)治”的(de)植保(bao)(bao)方(fang)針,堅持以(yi)(yi)“農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治、物理防(fang)(fang)治、生物防(fang)(fang)治為主(zhu),化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治為輔”的(de)無害化(hua)(hua)(hua)控制(zhi)原(yuan)則,科學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治,保(bao)(bao)證生產出(chu)安全優質的(de)長山藥產品。農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治:實行1年以(yi)(yi)上的(de)輪(lun)作;陰雨(yu)天要(yao)注(zhu)意排澇;(增(zeng)加通(tong)透性,避(bi)免株間郁蔽高濕(shi);采收(shou)后將留在地(di)上的(de)病(bing)(bing)殘(can)體(ti)集中燒毀(hui)并深翻,減少越冬菌蟲(chong)源。化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治:以(yi)(yi)生物制(zhi)劑(ji)為主(zhu),使用時嚴(yan)格按照GB 4285農(nong)(nong)藥安全使用標準和GB/T8321規定執行。腐爛病(bing)(bing)用72%農(nong)(nong)用鏈(lian)霉素可濕(shi)性粉劑(ji)3000倍液(ye)或77%氫氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)銅(tong)500倍液(ye)灌根(gen)。金針蟲(chong)、蠐螬(cao)等地(di)下害蟲(chong)播(bo)種(zhong)時,在播(bo)種(zhong)溝(gou)內每(mei)公(gong)頃撒施3%辛硫(liu)磷(lin)顆粒劑(ji)22.5kg。
(6)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)和(he)貯藏(zang)(zang)采(cai)(cai)收(shou):霜降后地(di)(di)上莖葉(xie)干(gan)枯(ku),應拔除地(di)(di)上藤蔓(man)和(he)架材進行采(cai)(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)的(de)外(wai)觀要求(qiu)為:塊莖表面沒有(you)污(wu)染或其(qi)他外(wai)來(lai)物,無腐爛和(he)病蟲、機(ji)械傷,按一定長度(du)分級包(bao)裝,整齊度(du)要達(da)到90%以上。貯藏(zang)(zang):采(cai)(cai)用堆(dui)藏(zang)(zang)或窖藏(zang)(zang)等方(fang)式進行貯藏(zang)(zang),貯藏(zang)(zang)溫度(du)4~5 ℃。生產記錄(lu)要求(qiu)生產管理(li)人員負(fu)責對冀村長山藥生產各環節、病蟲防治和(he)收(shou)購入庫(ku)過(guo)程的(de)記錄(lu),以保證產品生產過(guo)程質量控(kong)制(zhi)。