在世界眾多怪雨(yu)中(zhong),要(yao)數(shu)魚雨(yu)為數(shu)最(zui)多。魚雨(yu)在英國、美國和(he)澳大利(li)亞屢見不鮮,尤其是澳大利(li)亞,魚雨(yu)經常出(chu)現(xian),以至報紙已(yi)不愿再(zai)刊登這類令人(ren)乏味的消息。
魚(yu)雨(yu)一(yi)直發生(sheng)在拉(la)丁(ding)美(mei)洲,成為很(hen)多(duo)國家(jia)的(de)(de)民(min)間傳說(shuo)。據說(shuo)在魚(yu)雨(yu)到來(lai)之前,天上烏(wu)云滾滾,大風呼嘯,強風暴雨(yu)大約持續2到3小(xiao)時之后,數百(bai)條活魚(yu)在地(di)面(mian)上。人們把這些地(di)上的(de)(de)新鮮活魚(yu)拿回家(jia)烹飪,看似多(duo)可笑的(de)(de)事(shi)情啊,可是(shi)它(ta)卻真(zhen)實存在著。自從1998年的(de)(de)一(yi)場(chang)魚(yu)雨(yu)后,洪都拉(la)斯國家(jia)的(de)(de)Yoro城市在每年都會過這個“魚(yu)雨(yu)”節(jie)。
從加利福尼亞到英(ying)(ying)國再到印(yin)度,也不(bu)(bu)斷有關(guan)多(duo)魚形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)降(jiang)雨的(de)(de)報道:一些小(xiao)動物,例如魚、青蛙和蛇偶爾會出(chu)人意料地(di)從空(kong)中落(luo)下,有時候是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)離水(shui)(shui)域數英(ying)(ying)里遠的(de)(de)地(di)方。這是(shi)(shi)因為在(zai)(zai)湖泊(bo)或海(hai)洋上(shang)(shang)(shang)方急速旋轉的(de)(de)海(hai)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)可能會把水(shui)(shui)以及水(shui)(shui)里的(de)(de)一切東西帶進云層(ceng)中,然后通過強風(feng)攜帶、可能遠途(tu)“旅行”降(jiang)落(luo)到其(qi)他地(di)方,形(xing)成規模不(bu)(bu)等、形(xing)式(shi)各異的(de)(de)“雨”。龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)風(feng)根據它發生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)陸(lu)地(di)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)海(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang),可分為陸(lu)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)和海(hai)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan),海(hai)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)的(de)(de)直徑(jing)一般(ban)比陸(lu)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)略(lve)小(xiao),其(qi)強度較大,維持時間較長,在(zai)(zai)海(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)往往是(shi)(shi)集群出(chu)現(xian)。在(zai)(zai)大洋上(shang)(shang)(shang)易發生(sheng)(sheng)臺風(feng)或颶風(feng)的(de)(de)海(hai)區(qu),也容易發生(sheng)(sheng)海(hai)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan),值得(de)注意的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)當出(chu)現(xian)厄(e)爾尼諾(nuo)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)時,海(hai)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)發生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)次數就會增多(duo),顯而易見(jian),厄(e)爾尼諾(nuo)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)出(chu)現(xian),反映著太平洋東部赤道海(hai)區(qu)附近及其(qi)以南(nan)海(hai)域的(de)(de)大規模增溫現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)。
從(cong)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群(qun)發生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程,可以把其(qi)分(fen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)多個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)階(jie)段。在(zai)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群(qun)中最成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)推(tui)“母龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)”,依次是(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)族、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)旋(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗(dou)、吸管渦(wo)旋(xuan),構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)個完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)家(jia)族。其(qi)相互關(guan)系是(shi)(shi):母龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)是(shi)(shi)由多個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍(wei)在(zai)10-20公里(li)(li),其(qi)威(wei)力(li)屬(shu)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)之(zhi)首;龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)是(shi)(shi)由各(ge)個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)旋(xuan)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)尺(chi)度(du)在(zai)3-10公里(li)(li);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)旋(xuan)也(ye)稱小龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan),是(shi)(shi)由多個龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗(dou)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)1-3公里(li)(li)范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗(dou)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)常所(suo)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)漏斗(dou)云(yun),它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)約(yue)為300米,一(yi)根(gen)漏斗(dou)云(yun)里(li)(li),有(you)兩個甚至三(san)個以上(shang)(shang)(shang)吸管渦(wo)旋(xuan),所(suo)以也(ye)稱母渦(wo)旋(xuan);吸管渦(wo)旋(xuan)是(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群(qun)中最年輕的(de)(de)(de)(de),它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)一(yi)般不超(chao)過30米,但其(qi)破壞力(li)卻是(shi)(shi)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de),有(you)時(shi)比(bi)臺風(feng)威(wei)力(li)還大(da),主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)那(nei)渦(wo)旋(xuan)軸范(fan)圍(wei)小氣(qi)壓(ya)梯度(du)特別(bie)大(da),壓(ya)力(li)差可達20百帕以上(shang)(shang)(shang),為臺風(feng)內(nei)部平(ping)均氣(qi)壓(ya)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)百倍(bei)甚至上(shang)(shang)(shang)千倍(bei),因此其(qi)內(nei)部風(feng)速極大(da),多在(zai)每秒100米以上(shang)(shang)(shang),要(yao)比(bi)臺風(feng)大(da)幾(ji)倍(bei),所(suo)經之(zhi)處常能造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)極嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)災害(hai),海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)能把海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)船只和水以及水里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切東西帶(dai)進(jin)云(yun)層中,這(zhe)些暴風(feng)云(yun)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)強風(feng)則(ze)攜帶(dai)著(zhu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)進(jin)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東西長(chang)途穿行,然后一(yi)股腦(nao)兒的(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)們傾倒(dao)在(zai)毫無(wu)準備的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)或建筑物之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。魚從(cong)天而降,這(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong),即是(shi)(shi)“魚雨(yu)”形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因。
除(chu)了魚雨外,據有關資料記載,1881年(nian)(nian)英國伍斯特(te)城下(xia)過(guo)一(yi)場(chang)螃蟹雨和蝸牛雨。1979年(nian)(nian)在(zai)維多(duo)利(li)亞城附近的卡里希地區,下(xia)過(guo)蝦(xia)雨和淡水魚雨。19世紀初,在(zai)丹麥下(xia)的一(yi)場(chang)蝦(xia)雨,足足有20分鐘時(shi)間,1933年(nian)(nian),前蘇聯(lian)遠(yuan)東科(ke)瓦(wa)利(li)托(tuo)活下(xia)了一(yi)場(chang)罕見的海蜇(zhe)雨。
據澳(ao)大(da)利亞(ya)媒體2010年3月2日(ri)(ri)報道,天(tian)(tian)上下雨不是新聞(wen),但天(tian)(tian)上“下魚(yu)”大(da)概是許(xu)多人聞(wen)所(suo)未聞(wen)的(de)奇聞(wen)。澳(ao)大(da)利亞(ya)北部(bu)地(di)區的(de)拉(la)加(jia)馬奴鎮日(ri)(ri)前竟連(lian)續(xu)下了2天(tian)(tian)“魚(yu)雨”,成千上萬條小魚(yu)竟從(cong)天(tian)(tian)而(er)(er)降(jiang),而(er)(er)這些魚(yu)落到地(di)面(mian)時居然(ran)仍是活著(zhu)的(de)!專家推(tui)測,這些小魚(yu)很可能(neng)是在一場龍卷(juan)風(feng)中,隨著(zhu)河水一起被(bei)狂風(feng)卷(juan)入(ru)到數(shu)萬英尺(chi)空(kong)(kong)中,繼而(er)(er)隨風(feng)在空(kong)(kong)中“飛行”了數(shu)百公里,最終在拉(la)加(jia)馬奴鎮上空(kong)(kong)落下,從(cong)而(er)(er)形成了天(tian)(tian)降(jiang)“魚(yu)雨”的(de)奇觀。
魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)拉丁(ding)美洲(zhou),成為很多國(guo)家(jia)的民間(jian)傳說。據說在(zai)(zai)(zai)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)到來(lai)之前,天上(shang)烏云滾滾,大(da)(da)風(feng)呼嘯,強風(feng)暴雨(yu)大(da)(da)約持續(xu)2到3小時之后,數百條(tiao)活魚(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地面上(shang)。人們把這(zhe)些地上(shang)的新鮮活魚(yu)(yu)拿回家(jia)烹(peng)飪,看似多可笑的事(shi)情啊,可是它卻真(zhen)實存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著。自從(cong)1998年(nian)的一場(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)后,洪都拉斯國(guo)家(jia)的Yoro城市在(zai)(zai)(zai)每年(nian)都會過這(zhe)個“魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)”節。
瀕臨加勒比海的洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)人很喜歡吃魚。有(you)趣的是(shi)(shi)在每年(nian)的5月(yue)至7月(yue)間(jian),洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)的一些(xie)(xie)地區都(dou)會下魚雨(yu)。這(zhe)種現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)已經有(you)些(xie)(xie)年(nian)頭(tou)了(le),如今更被寫(xie)進許多民(min)俗故事中。記者(zhe)沒有(you)親眼見過(guo)天上(shang)掉(diao)魚的奇(qi)觀。據說魚雨(yu)來臨之前,天上(shang)烏云(yun)滾滾,大風(feng)(feng)呼(hu)嘯,強風(feng)(feng)暴雨(yu)大約持續(xu)兩三個小時(shi)之后,數百條活(huo)魚,便落在地上(shang)。從1989年(nian)開始(shi)(shi),洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)人每年(nian)都(dou)慶祝魚雨(yu)節。2006年(nian),洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)電視臺曾(ceng)報(bao)道過(guo)魚雨(yu)出現(xian)(xian)過(guo)兩次。記者(zhe)曾(ceng)打聽過(guo)魚雨(yu)的成因(yin),不(bu)過(guo)得(de)到(dao)(dao)的回答都(dou)是(shi)(shi)“民(min)間(jian)傳說”版:1856年(nian),一個叫蘇比讓拿的西班牙神(shen)父(fu)來到(dao)(dao)洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)。為了(le)幫助(zhu)窮人,他連續(xu)三天祈禱,請(qing)神(shen)賜予食(shi)物(wu)。自那(nei)時(shi)起就開始(shi)(shi)下魚雨(yu)了(le)。其(qi)(qi)實(shi)魚雨(yu)在世界其(qi)(qi)它地方也出現(xian)(xian)過(guo),大多時(shi)候(hou)和龍卷(juan)風(feng)(feng)等天氣現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)有(you)關。不(bu)過(guo)像洪都(dou)拉(la)(la)(la)斯(si)(si)這(zhe)樣集(ji)中,還真是(shi)(shi)罕見。
1949年(nian)8月,在新西蘭沿岸地區下(xia)了(le)(le)一(yi)場(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),成千(qian)上(shang)萬(wan)尾魚(yu)(yu)撒滿一(yi)地,有(you)鱈魚(yu)(yu)、銀槍魚(yu)(yu)、黑魚(yu)(yu)等等,無奇(qi)不(bu)有(you)。雨(yu)(yu)過天(tian)晴(qing),人們紛紛拾魚(yu)(yu),大(da)飽(bao)了(le)(le)口福。1949年(nian)10月23日上(shang)午,美(mei)國路易斯(si)(si)安那(nei)州(zhou)馬(ma)克斯(si)(si)維下(xia)了(le)(le)一(yi)場(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),生物(wu)學家巴伊科夫親自收集了(le)(le)一(yi)大(da)瓶制作(zuo)標本。美(mei)國圣迭戈下(xia)了(le)(le)一(yi)場(chang)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),有(you)沙丁(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)和鱈魚(yu)(yu),居民十分(fen)驚(jing)奇(qi)。1974年(nian)2月,澳大(da)利亞(ya)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)村子里,降下(xia)了(le)(le)150多條河鱸似的(de)銀漢魚(yu)(yu)。1975年(nian),英國電(dian)臺記者羅(luo)納(na)·薩班(ban)斯(si)(si)爾(er)講述了(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)親身(shen)(shen)經歷的(de)那(nei)次魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)趣事:那(nei)是(shi)第二(er)次世界(jie)大(da)戰期間,羅(luo)納(na)在駐緬(mian)甸的(de)英軍中(zhong)服(fu)役,部(bu)隊來(lai)(lai)到緬(mian)甸巴基斯(si)(si)坦相連的(de)庫米拉城。這里淡水奇(qi)缺,每人每天(tian)只(zhi)能喝(he)上(shang)幾(ji)口水。一(yi)天(tian),天(tian)上(shang)烏(wu)云滾滾,大(da)風呼嘯,眼見一(yi)場(chang)暴雨(yu)(yu)即(ji)將來(lai)(lai)臨(lin)。羅(luo)納(na)立刻(ke)脫去衣(yi)服(fu),身(shen)(shen)上(shang)涂(tu)上(shang)肥皂(zao),站在空(kong)地上(shang)想(xiang)痛(tong)(tong)快地洗個(ge)澡。雨(yu)(yu)下(xia)來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le),可那(nei)不(bu)是(shi)雨(yu)(yu)水,而是(shi)一(yi)條條沙丁(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu),打(da)得他(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)上(shang)很痛(tong)(tong)很痛(tong)(tong),不(bu)一(yi)會羅(luo)納(na)已被(bei)埋在幾(ji)萬(wan)條沙丁(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)堆(dui)中(zhong),他(ta)(ta)掙(zheng)扎了(le)(le)很久,才從魚(yu)(yu)堆(dui)中(zhong)爬(pa)出逃回房間。