芒果视频

博物館簡介

云南(nan)李家(jia)山(shan)青銅器(qi)博(bo)物(wu)館共建造設置(zhi)了8個(ge)(ge)展(zhan)(zhan)廳，現開放有兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)青銅器(qi)展(zhan)(zhan)廳和一個(ge)(ge)書(shu)畫(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)廳。書(shu)畫(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)廳主要(yao)陳(chen)列的是當(dang)代江(jiang)川籍(ji)書(shu)畫(hua)家(jia)的作品以(yi)及曾參觀過(guo)博(bo)物(wu)館的一些(xie)知(zhi)名(ming)人(ren)士的書(shu)畫(hua)作品。

青銅(tong)展廳(ting)集(ji)中陳列(lie)展出了館藏2000余(yu)件文物(wu)中的279件，其中包括青銅(tong)器(qi)、金(jin)器(qi)、玉器(qi)等。它(ta)們按功(gong)能和用途(tu)分為(wei)生產類(lei)、生活類(lei)、軍事類(lei)、舞蹈類(lei)、裝(zhuang)飾(shi)類(lei)。

社會生產類

包括尖葉形銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、梯(ti)形銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、曲刃(ren)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、平刃(ren)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、條形銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、鏤(lou)(lou)形銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、寬刃(ren)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)、彎(wan)形銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)斧、蛇(she)頭(tou)形鏤(lou)(lou)孔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)農(nong)具。其中鏤(lou)(lou)孔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋤(chu)(chu)和(he)蛇(she)頭(tou)形鏤(lou)(lou)孔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)(qi)很特(te)別，它(ta)們可能(neng)是(shi)在(zai)水中使用的(de)農(nong)具。蛇(she)頭(tou)形鏤(lou)(lou)孔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)云(yun)南是(shi)首次發(fa)現。馴馬貯(zhu)貝器(qi)(qi)、二牛(niu)扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、二牛(niu)交合扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、喂(wei)牛(niu)扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)牛(niu)頭(tou)、騎士獵(lie)(lie)鹿(lu)扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、八人(ren)獵(lie)(lie)虎扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、三人(ren)獵(lie)(lie)虎扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)孔雀、熊(xiong)形扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、七人(ren)獵(lie)(lie)虎扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、五人(ren)縛牛(niu)扣(kou)飾(shi)(shi)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)魚等(deng)體(ti)現了(le)(le)古滇(dian)國(guo)社會(hui)除農(nong)業生產(chan)外(wai)，畜牧業、漁(yu)業和(he)狩獵(lie)(lie)也占較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)比重。紡織(zhi)貯(zhu)貝器(qi)(qi)雕鑄(zhu)了(le)(le)在(zai)貴(gui)婦人(ren)監督下進行紡織(zhi)活(huo)動的(de)場(chang)面，可以從中了(le)(le)解當時的(de)紡織(zhi)技術(shu)水平。鎏金(jin)、鍛打、范鑄(zhu)、鑲嵌、線刻、錯金(jin)、壓膜銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)(qi)說明(ming)除失(shi)蠟(la)法鑄(zhu)造(zao)工藝外(wai)，還采(cai)用不同的(de)工藝技術(shu)方(fang)法，青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鑄(zhu)造(zao)業比較(jiao)(jiao)發(fa)達。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)駑機、饕餮紋劍、獸形金(jin)飾(shi)(shi)、旋形金(jin)飾(shi)(shi)、回(hui)紋鏡、日(ri)光鏡、百乳鏡、海貝等(deng)是(shi)古滇(dian)國(guo)與外(wai)部交往(wang)的(de)重要見證。

生活類

包(bao)括男女銅(tong)(tong)(tong)俑、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)房子模型、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)爐(lu)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)罐、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)匜、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)釜、立牛貯(zhu)貝器、祭祀扣飾、祭祀貯(zhu)貝器、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)奩等，反映了古滇國社會人們的(de)住房、衣著、發型、生活習俗等方面的(de)情況。

軍事類

包括銅(tong)(tong)(tong)叉、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)戈、鎏金(jin)甲片、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)斧、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鋮、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)錘(chui)、金(jin)鞘鐵(tie)劍、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)啄、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)矛(mao)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)劍、劍鞘、吊人銅(tong)(tong)(tong)矛(mao)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)棒(bang)、立犬(quan)狼牙棒(bang)等，從中可(ke)以了(le)解古滇(dian)國的軍事裝備(bei)、兵器制作(zuo)和戰斗方式特(te)點。鐵(tie)兵器的出(chu)現，說明(ming)古滇(dian)國的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力水平(ping)已(yi)有很大(da)提高，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術相當發達。

音樂舞蹈類

包(bao)括編鐘、鎏(liu)金(jin)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)、蹲(dun)蛙銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)、鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)形貯貝器(qi)(qi)等。編鐘一套，大(da)小(xiao)共6個，可發出高低(di)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)聲音(yin)，專用于(yu)盛大(da)慶典(dian)，并往往用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)伴(ban)奏。大(da)量的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)繪有舞(wu)(wu)蹈場面，有獨舞(wu)(wu)、四人舞(wu)(wu)和集體舞(wu)(wu)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)是當(dang)時普遍的(de)打擊樂器(qi)(qi)。從銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)變形而來的(de)鎏(liu)金(jin)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)、蹲(dun)蛙銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)、鼓(gu)(gu)(gu)形貯貝器(qi)(qi)等則失去(qu)了原來的(de)功能和意義，賦(fu)于(yu)新(xin)的(de)內涵。

裝飾類

包(bao)括金(jin)(jin)腰帶及銅(tong)(tong)扣飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、獸邊(bian)（猴邊(bian)、雞邊(bian)、蛇邊(bian)）長(chang)方形(xing)扣飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、動物紋（二虎(hu)噬牛、二虎(hu)噬鹿、四(si)虎(hu)噬牛、虎(hu)豹(bao)噬羊、虎(hu)豹(bao)噬牛、虎(hu)豹(bao)噬鹿、立(li)豹(bao)、立(li)熊等(deng)）扣飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、銅(tong)(tong)鐲、金(jin)(jin)劍鞘(qiao)、金(jin)(jin)釧、金(jin)(jin)項鏈、金(jin)(jin)發飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、杯形(xing)金(jin)(jin)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、金(jin)(jin)花、金(jin)(jin)扳指、玉(yu)耳(er)環、瑪瑙扣、孔雀石珠管、馬(ma)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、杖頭(tou)銅(tong)(tong)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。這些裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品大部(bu)分是(shi)(shi)當時貴族身上佩戴的，頭(tou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、項飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、耳(er)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、腰飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、臂飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、腿飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俱全(quan)。制作材(cai)料廣泛，有青銅(tong)(tong)、金(jin)(jin)玉(yu)、瑪瑙、孔雀石、綠松石等(deng)。有一部(bu)分是(shi)(shi)衣(yi)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或器物上的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)附件。古滇國戰爭中有相當數(shu)量(liang)的騎(qi)兵，因此對(dui)馬(ma)的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)樣受到重(zhong)視，包(bao)括馬(ma)銜、轡飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、帶扣、馬(ma)鈴和當盧等(deng)馬(ma)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品。

展覽與藏品

手形銎銅戈

西漢（公元(yuan)前206年—公元(yuan)8年）文物(wu)，通長(chang)26.2厘米，寬9厘米，云(yun)南江川李(li)家山51號墓(mu)出(chu)土。手形銎戈可能(neng)作儀仗器使用(yong)，裝柄后如(ru)操生殺權(quan)力(li)之手。器物(wu)構(gou)思(si)巧妙，造型奇特(te)，集裝飾效果與實用(yong)功能(neng)于一體，為中國青銅器所罕(han)見，顯示了滇人的豐(feng)富想象力(li)，是滇文化的藝術(shu)珍品(pin)。

蝕花石髓珠

東(dong)漢（公元25—220年(nian)）文(wen)物(wu)，通長(chang)6.1厘(li)米，徑2.2—2.3厘(li)米，云(yun)南江川李家山69號墓出土(tu)。此石(shi)珠為肉紅石(shi)髓，表(biao)面(mian)白色花紋并(bing)不是天然的，而是化學腐蝕經人為加(jia)工而成，此類蝕花工藝最早出現于(yu)西(xi)亞和南亞一帶，可能通過古(gu)“蜀—身毒道”傳入，表(biao)明(ming)古(gu)滇國受外來文(wen)化影響之(zhi)遠。

寬邊玉鐲

西漢（公(gong)元前206年—公(gong)元8年）文物，外徑(jing)20.6厘(li)米(mi)，內(nei)徑(jing)6.7厘(li)米(mi)，唇高(gao)1.2厘(li)米(mi)，云南江川李家山47號墓出(chu)土。這件(jian)玉(yu)鐲(zhuo)(zhuo)為目前古滇文化墓葬出(chu)土寬邊玉(yu)鐲(zhuo)(zhuo)中最大(da)的一件(jian)。寬邊玉(yu)鐲(zhuo)(zhuo)是滇國(guo)特有(you)的一種臂(bei)飾，大(da)多出(chu)自墓主的手臂(bei)部，戴此玉(yu)鐲(zhuo)(zhuo)者有(you)騎士、舞樂者，也有(you)滇國(guo)的上層人物。

銅編鐘

西漢(han)（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)前206年(nian)—公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)8年(nian)）文物，高(gao)40.6厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)—50.2厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，口寬16.8厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)—20.4厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，云南江川李(li)家(jia)山51號墓(mu)出(chu)土。銅(tong)編鐘1套6件，大小相(xiang)依，扁圓筒狀(zhuang)，器身飾旋(xuan)紋，鐘口為橢圓形。李(li)家(jia)山墓(mu)地僅出(chu)此(ci)一套編鐘，表明墓(mu)主人的身份極高(gao)，可能是古滇(dian)國的“王”或“侯”。

銅魚杖頭飾

西漢（公元前206年—公元8年）文(wen)物，高26厘米(mi)(mi)，長22.3厘米(mi)(mi)，云南江川李家山(shan)51號墓出土。銅魚杖(zhang)頭在(zai)大型(xing)墓是成(cheng)對(dui)放置(zhi)在(zai)戈、矛、棒等長柄(bing)兵器(qi)和儀(yi)仗器(qi)中(zhong)，制作十分精(jing)致，當(dang)屬專用的儀(yi)仗器(qi)。