景點簡介
南山(shan)寺,位于貴港市城(cheng)區南郊東南約3公(gong)里郁江岸邊二(er)十四峰中(zhong)的南山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)內獅(shi)山(shan)巖洞里,是千年古寺,嶺南名剎。
南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺是貴(gui)(gui)港(gang)旅游勝地,屬自治區(qu)(qu)級重點文物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位。市(shi)人(ren)民(min)政府十(shi)分重視對(dui)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)名勝古(gu)(gu)跡的(de)(de)保(bao)護和修建(jian)工作,1977年起(qi),南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺擴建(jian)為南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan),總(zong)面(mian)積達1354.6畝,其中石(shi)山(shan)(shan)占772.5畝。至(zhi)今天止(zhi),南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)已建(jian)石(shi)級水(shui)泥(ni)登山(shan)(shan)路三(san)條(tiao)(tiao),兩條(tiao)(tiao)分別建(jian)于寺的(de)(de)東西側,各(ge)寬(kuan)1.3米,總(zong)長451.7米,均置鐵桿扶欄,老(lao)幼上落安全。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)建(jian)于驢山(shan)(shan),開辟了(le)(le)驢山(shan)(shan)游覽新(xin)區(qu)(qu)。此外(wai),還(huan)建(jian)了(le)(le)古(gu)(gu)香古(gu)(gu)色圍墻170多(duo)米,古(gu)(gu)裝企(qi)樓式園(yuan)門(men)一(yi)(yi)座,亭(ting)臺樓榭多(duo)座,混凝土(tu)水(shui)泥(ni)環塘路一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao),寬(kuan)3米,長490多(duo)米;又另(ling)鋪筑混凝土(tu)游園(yuan)路600多(duo)米。公(gong)園(yuan)內外(wai)遍植(zhi)各(ge)種(zhong)樹木花卉4萬(wan)多(duo)株(zhu),四季常青,花香滿園(yuan)。連接中山(shan)(shan)路的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)主干道已通(tong)車,交通(tong)方便。再(zai)有(you)(you),在寺西還(huan)建(jian)有(you)(you)兩層古(gu)(gu)青石(shi)樓文物(wu)(wu)陳列館(guan),展(zhan)出羅泊灣(wan)一(yi)(yi)號大型漢墓(mu)出土(tu)文物(wu)(wu);在寺東建(jian)有(you)(you)烈(lie)士(shi)陵園(yuan),豎有(you)(you)革命烈(lie)士(shi)紀念碑,碑前有(you)(you)譚壽林、董銓漢兩位革命烈(lie)士(shi)的(de)(de)塑像,還(huan)有(you)(you)黃彰烈(lie)士(shi)墓(mu)及其塑像。貴(gui)(gui)港(gang)市(shi)人(ren)民(min)政府除了(le)(le)引資(zi)建(jian)動物(wu)(wu)園(yuan)外(wai),還(huan)引資(zi)4000萬(wan)元興(xing)建(jian)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)賓館(guan),把(ba)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)成(cheng)了(le)(le)A級國家旅游景區(qu)(qu)。不久,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)寺將以嶄新(xin)面(mian)貌,迎接海內外(wai)游客的(de)(de)光臨。
南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)海拔70米,為郁(yu)江(jiang)畔24峰(feng)之(zhi)冠。山(shan)(shan)(shan)上奇巖峭壁,雜樹(shu)間生,景色雅致(zhi)。相傳昔(xi)有不老松,今(jin)半山(shan)(shan)(shan)尚有“不老松”崖刻(ke)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)前山(shan)(shan)(shan)后有岸(an)洞(dong)11個,洞(dong)中(zhong)多(duo)有宋以來題(ti)(ti)刻(ke),觀音巖內(nei)(nei)還有姿態各異的十(shi)八羅(luo)漢塑像。登臨山(shan)(shan)(shan)巔,可鳥瞰全城。南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)于(yu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上,始(shi)修(xiu)于(yu)宋朝,宋太(tai)宗(zong)(zong)賜御(yu)書,宋仁宗(zong)(zong)題(ti)(ti)“景佑禪寺(si)(si)”額匾。元文宗(zong)(zong)即(ji)位(wei)前兩次(ci)住寺(si)(si),題(ti)(ti)“南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)”,稱南(nan)宗(zong)(zong)正脈,是西江(jiang)重要佛寺(si)(si)。“山(shan)(shan)(shan)明(ming)水秀本從來,云水光中(zhong)計四峰(feng)”。寺(si)(si)依山(shan)(shan)(shan)踞洞(dong)而(er)建,門(men)外有菩提樹(shu),寺(si)(si)內(nei)(nei)曲徑通(tong)幽,有宋、元、明(ming)、清石(shi)刻(ke)百余方(fang)和北宋天(tian)圣三年(1025年)大鐵鐘(zhong)等(deng)歷史文物。洞(dong)內(nei)(nei)鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)豐(feng)富多(duo)姿,有飛來佛、石(shi)獅、石(shi)象、石(shi)鯉等(deng),另有晉代葛洪煉丹遺址和流米洞(dong)遺跡。南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)歷代為旅游勝地(di),今(jin)寺(si)(si)內(nei)(nei)石(shi)刻(ke)與(yu)宋代鐵鐘(zhong)為自治(zhi)區重點文物保護單位(wei)。
南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)二十四峰(feng)(feng),根據各山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的不同形(xing)(xing)狀分(fen)別(bie)名為(wei):獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、文筆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、驢山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、馬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雞兒山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、屏風(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、棲鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、靴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、風(feng)浪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、三臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大鐘山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、朝笏(hu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、螺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、蓮花山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、白鶴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、尖(jian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、香爐山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、望夫山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、獨寨山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、兩(liang)面(mian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、涼帽(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、龜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、鳳(feng)(feng)凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),形(xing)(xing)似獅(shi)子(zi),半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰有兩(liang)個石(shi)洞(dong),分(fen)列(lie)于獅(shi)鼻(bi)兩(liang)邊,形(xing)(xing)似獅(shi)子(zi)的兩(liang)個鼻(bi)孔,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上遍長“龍骨草”,把(ba)整個獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)覆蓋得嚴嚴實(shi)實(shi),活象(xiang)一(yi)只披茸(rong)醒(xing)獅(shi)。迎(ying)著初(chu)升紅日(ri),獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)就會(hui)出現“醒(xing)獅(shi)朝陽”一(yi)景(jing),煞是(shi)好(hao)看。南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寺就在獅(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)依山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)據洞(dong)而建,掩映于萬(wan)綠叢中,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前群峰(feng)(feng)環繞,如向獅(shi)王俯伏(fu)朝拜狀,構成一(yi)幅惟妙惟肖(xiao)的天然秀麗(li)勝景(jing)。
歷史
南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)始建于宋(song)端拱二年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)989年(nian)(nian))。善智(zhi)和尚來(lai)到貴(gui)州(今貴(gui)港),踏遍山(shan)(shan)(shan)川,最后選在(zai)風景(jing)如畫(hua)的獅山(shan)(shan)(shan)巖洞里建立寺(si)(si)(si)廟(miao),供(gong)奉(feng)如來(lai)、三(san)寶諸佛,自此(ci)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)香火興旺,名(ming)(ming)氣(qi)日盛。宋(song)至道三(san)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)997年(nian)(nian)),宋(song)真(zhen)宗以宋(song)太宗墨跡賜(si)天下名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan),南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)獲賜(si)太宗御書224軸,并建御書閣安(an)奉(feng)。當時,南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)已成為天下名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan),揚(yang)名(ming)(ming)中原大地。宋(song)仁(ren)宗于景(jing)祐(you)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1034年(nian)(nian)),大力整頓寺(si)(si)(si)宇,下令“毀天下無額(e)賜(si)寺(si)(si)(si)院”,由(you)于南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)是州治所在(zai)的寺(si)(si)(si)廟(miao),素負(fu)盛名(ming)(ming),宋(song)仁(ren)宗乃親書“景(jing)祐(you)禪寺(si)(si)(si)”匾額(e)賜(si)給南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)。因此(ci)南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)又名(ming)(ming)景(jing)祐(you)禪寺(si)(si)(si)。自此(ci),南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)聲名(ming)(ming)遠(yuan)播(bo),成為嶺南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)剎,終(zhong)日香客盈門,達(da)官貴(gui)人、騷(sao)人墨客慕名(ming)(ming)來(lai)游者(zhe),絡繹(yi)不(bu)絕。這是南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)歷史上最輝煌的年(nian)(nian)代(dai)。
主要景點
文筆山
文筆山(shan)巍峨高(gao)大,厚重(zhong)端莊,西看如支(zhi)(zhi)筆,東望似(si)猴子,北眺像觀音。山(shan)前有(you)一池塘(tang)(tang),據說,以前常(chang)有(you)驊騮(liu)(猴子)、鳳(feng)凰在塘(tang)(tang)邊或塘(tang)(tang)中戲耍,故名(ming)驊騮(liu)塘(tang)(tang),又名(ming)鳳(feng)凰塘(tang)(tang)。相傳,文筆山(shan)是(shi)貴港(gang)一支(zhi)(zhi)神筆,它(ta)以驊騮(liu)塘(tang)(tang)為墨池,大地為紙,舔(tian)之(zhi)不完,寫之(zhi)不盡,是(shi)貴港(gang)人才(cai)輩出的風水寶地。
八角亭
從文(wen)筆(bi)山(shan)行約(yue)400米(mi),就到(dao)坐落獅山(shan)的(de)(de)南山(shan)寺(si)步入寺(si)門,再(zai)沿石級而上(shang)到(dao)八角亭(ting)。此(ci)亭(ting)始建于清初,乾隆后(hou)期重修至今已有(you)200多年歷史,是(shi)南山(shan)寺(si)現存最古老(lao)的(de)(de)建筑物(wu)。亭(ting)內供奉(feng)大肚佛,兩側是(shi)四大金(jin)剛,亭(ting)的(de)(de)三(san)面墻壁鑲滿(man)一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)塊(kuai)石碑(bei)。亭(ting)東第一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)是(shi)建八角亭(ting)的(de)(de)碑(bei)文(wen),文(wen)曰:清朝初期,南山(shan)寺(si)“景物(wu)蕭疏十(shi)之四五”,據貴(gui)縣(xian)志記載(zai),那時,由于農(nong)民起義紛呈(cheng),清立國(guo)十(shi)三(san)年后(hou)才有(you)縣(xian)官來(lai)坐衙執政。碑(bei)文(wen)里說的(de)(de)知縣(xian)澹(淡)公,就是(shi)清順治十(shi)四年(公元1657年)到(dao)任的(de)(de)。
南山大洞
從八角亭沿著之字形石級直上,就到南山大洞。洞門刻有:“洞門云鎖三冬暖,石室(shi)風生九夏(xia)涼”的(de)對聯(lian)。洞門石壁上有一棵不老(lao)松(song),是(shi)貴縣舊八景之一。這棵小(xiao)松(song)樹(shu)自公元989年(nian)建(jian)寺時已有,一千(qian)多年(nian)來,不長高也不長大,總(zong)是(shi)老(lao)樣(yang)子(zi),四季常(chang)青,令(ling)人(ren)稱(cheng)奇。據說“福如東海長流(liu)水(shui),壽比南山不老(lao)松(song)”典故就源于此。
進入(ru)洞(dong)中(zhong),只(zhi)見該洞(dong)上窟窿,下寬敞,東(dong)西長50米(mi),南(nan)北寬30米(mi),高15米(mi)多(duo)。因洞(dong)中(zhong)有“石(shi)(shi)像天成,非鑿非刻”的(de)天然石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)三(san)(san)尊及歷(li)(li)元到明,后人增刻已達(da)三(san)(san)十余尊,小石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)遍布崖上,故名石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)洞(dong)。該洞(dong)又是(shi)(shi)南(nan)山寺(si)(si)供奉(feng)如(ru)來(lai)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)祖及寺(si)(si)僧做佛(fo)(fo)(fo)事的(de)地方,這(zhe)尊如(ru)來(lai)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像是(shi)(shi)新塑造的(de),高八米(mi),故該洞(dong)又稱大殿。大洞(dong)是(shi)(shi)個(ge)文(wen)物(wu)豐富的(de)大寶庫(ku),不但有石(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)、石(shi)(shi)象(xiang)、石(shi)(shi)牛、石(shi)(shi)獅、石(shi)(shi)虎、石(shi)(shi)鯉,還有御書碑(bei)(bei)和飛(fei)來(lai)鐘等勝跡(ji),以(yi)及歷(li)(li)代騷人墨客的(de)詩(shi)詞、題額摩崖,琳(lin)瑯滿目,令人嘆(tan)為觀止。據統計,南(nan)山寺(si)(si)的(de)摩崖碑(bei)(bei)刻有180多(duo)幅(fu)(塊(kuai)),其中(zhong)自(zi)治(zhi)區博物(wu)館有拓片的(de)50幅(fu),是(shi)(shi)自(zi)治(zhi)區文(wen)物(wu)保護單位。
御書碑
寺內有一塊極為珍貴的御書碑。元至治元年(公元1321年)圖貼睦爾親王被流放海南島,中途來游南山。公元1323年奉召返京,重游南山,并親書“南山寺”三字賜與寺僧。公元1328年圖貼睦爾登位,號文宗皇帝。后貴州(zhou)(貴縣)州(zhou)官(guan)撰跋刻《御書碑》立于石佛洞北壁下(xia)保存。
飛來鐘
洞(dong)的左側有一口(kou)(kou)大鐵(tie)鐘(zhong),叫飛來鐘(zhong),高1.8米(mi),口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)1.2米(mi),重一噸多(duo),用槌擊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),發出(chu)巨響(xiang),山(shan)鳴谷應,聲播十(shi)里。鐘(zhong)面鑄有“皇宋天圣三(san)年(公元(yuan)1025年)乙丑歲(sui)正月”,“撫州(zhou)(zhou)匠人曾(ceng)守政鑄造”等字樣。此鐘(zhong)歷時近(jin)千年,為(wei)貴港市尚存16個(ge)鐵(tie)鐘(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最,是全國十(shi)大名鐘(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一,被(bei)列(lie)為(wei)廣西重點保護文(wen)物。這個(ge)古老鐵(tie)鐘(zhong)原是廣州(zhou)(zhou)光(guang)孝寺的神物,它(ta)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以神,據傳(chuan)說,因它(ta)慕南山(shan)風景優美,香火興(xing)旺,在一夜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間從廣州(zhou)(zhou)飛來,自掛(gua)于大洞(dong)一根(gen)橫木之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,長鳴七天七夜而止。神鐘(zhong)還能卜(bu)吉兇,知禍福,來人拜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),都逢兇化吉,是南山(shan)寺又一奇寶。
觀音巖
大(da)洞(dong)西(xi)側是(shi)觀音(yin)巖,與大(da)洞(dong)相(xiang)連,呈長方(fang)(fang)形,長約(yue)15米(mi),寬5米(mi)多,從(cong)大(da)洞(dong)拾級而上可到達。此巖是(shi)歷(li)代石刻較多的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)講農業生產的(de),如清雍正年間曾(ceng)兩度任(ren)貴縣(xian)(xian)知縣(xian)(xian)的(de)天津人孫超群寫的(de)“南山記(ji)”石刻碑文(wen)。文(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)提到當(dang)時(shi)貴縣(xian)(xian)還(huan)不懂種旱(han)(han)田(tian),農民都是(shi)“以手(shou)拔草,困難開辟(pi),亦難多種”。于是(shi)他推(tui)廣(guang)了(le)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)旱(han)(han)地(di)農具鐵鋤(chu),對(dui)農民“躬行教種”,“數日間旱(han)(han)田(tian)之(zhi)利益通曉”。他還(huan)滿(man)有(you)信心地(di)說“將來之(zhi)辟(pi)土必多,民生厚望矣”。
觀(guan)音(yin)(yin)巖寬敞(chang)明亮(liang),舊(jiu)社會官紳游山(shan)(shan)到(dao)此,必(bi)擺酒(jiu)吟詩,清風(feng)南來(lai),令人(ren)飄飄欲仙。因此,清康熙貢生、山(shan)(shan)水郎曾光國題刻“登臨即仙”。巖內有(you)(you)(you)“鯉魚(yu)滴(di)(di)水”、“通(tong)(tong)(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)”勝景。關于鯉魚(yu)滴(di)(di)水有(you)(you)(you)個神話傳說,很久(jiu)以前(qian),郁江(jiang)鯉魚(yu)灣有(you)(you)(you)條(tiao)鯉魚(yu)精(jing),到(dao)南山(shan)(shan)寺稱王作惡,民憤很大,被觀(guan)音(yin)(yin)菩薩施法使其現出原(yuan)形(xing),并把(ba)它拋(pao)到(dao)觀(guan)音(yin)(yin)洞(dong)頂的(de)石壁(bi)上(shang)倒掛起來(lai),鯉魚(yu)哭泣的(de)淚水流到(dao)嘴邊滴(di)(di)下來(lai),成了今(jin)天(tian)的(de)“鯉魚(yu)滴(di)(di)水”奇(qi)觀(guan),真是“一竅有(you)(you)(you)靈通(tong)(tong)(tong)地(di)(di)脈,半空無雨滴(di)(di)天(tian)槳(jiang)”。觀(guan)音(yin)(yin)巖西壁(bi)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)一洞(dong)口(kou),洞(dong)道僅供(gong)一人(ren)沿(yan)崖攀(pan)登而上(shang),半山(shan)(shan)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)小巖洞(dong),過去建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)魁星(xing)閣,曾是僧人(ren)住宿(su)之地(di)(di)。這個洞(dong)叫“通(tong)(tong)(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)”,登臨者眼前(qian)即展現奇(qi)觀(guan)。“登臨即仙”,誰不雅興(xing)倍增?我游至此處(chu),曾觸(chu)景生情(qing),口(kou)占一絕:“古寺風(feng)光處(chu)處(chu)優(you),鯉魚(yu)滴(di)(di)水送清流。沿(yan)崖直上(shang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)天(tian)洞(dong),掩映(ying)林(lin)光畫閣樓”。
在(zai)(zai)大洞(dong)(dong)(dong)東側(ce),有(you)(you)兩個(ge)小巖洞(dong)(dong)(dong),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)稱流(liu)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong),清晨經常有(you)(you)云霧從山(shan)外漫(man)進。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)稱流(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),在(zai)(zai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)頂石壁(bi)上(shang)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)似(si)漏斗狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)小洞(dong)(dong)(dong),以前(qian)有(you)(you)米(mi)(mi)從洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)出(chu),寺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)幾人,米(mi)(mi)流(liu)幾許(xu),不(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)也不(bu)(bu)少。這些米(mi)(mi)從那里來(lai)呢?相傳是金(jin)龜和(he)(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴(he)(he)去(qu)游(you)伏波灘,見米(mi)(mi)船(chuan)觸礁沉(chen)沒,將遺下的(de)(de)(de)(de)米(mi)(mi)運回南(nan)山(shan)寺的(de)(de)(de)(de)。但后(hou)來(lai)有(you)(you)個(ge)貪心和(he)(he)(he)尚,把(ba)流(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)鑿寬(kuan),企圖讓(rang)米(mi)(mi)多(duo)(duo)出(chu),把(ba)金(jin)龜和(he)(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴(he)(he)辛辛苦苦運回的(de)(de)(de)(de)大米(mi)(mi)掏空了(le)。金(jin)龜和(he)(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴(he)(he)知道后(hou),嘆息道:“真(zhen)是人心不(bu)(bu)足(zu)蛇吞象”,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)怒之(zhi)(zhi)下,從此不(bu)(bu)再(zai)去(qu)運米(mi)(mi)了(le)。自(zi)此之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),流(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)也不(bu)(bu)再(zai)流(liu)米(mi)(mi)了(le)。金(jin)龜和(he)(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)鶴(he)(he)終日坐禪,后(hou)來(lai)也仙(xian)(xian)化了(le)。據(ju)說,南(nan)山(shan)二十(shi)四(si)峰中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)龜山(shan)、鶴(he)(he)山(shan),就是當年(nian)金(jin)龜、仙(xian)(xian)鶴(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)化身(shen)。此外,在(zai)(zai)流(liu)米(mi)(mi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)北側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石壁(bi)上(shang)還有(you)(you)個(ge)直通(tong)山(shan)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),險(xian)陡難(nan)上(shang)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)條躍龍門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鯉(li)(li)魚(yu),故稱石鯉(li)(li)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。公元1872年(nian)有(you)(you)個(ge)學士(shi)游(you)南(nan)山(shan)曾吟(yin)詩(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首,用浪漫(man)主(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)法(fa)(fa)寫道:“胡不(bu)(bu)貫之(zhi)(zhi)柳,烹玉(yu)法(fa)(fa)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試?”意思是說:“為(wei)什么(me)不(bu)(bu)用柳條把(ba)那條鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)串(chuan)回來(lai)蒸它吃呢?”鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)跳龍門(men),龍門(men)就在(zai)(zai)這里,你看(kan),鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)已跳到洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口來(lai)了(le)。
御書閣
在(zai)(zai)大(da)洞(dong)(dong)東門附近(jin),過去(qu)建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東樓(lou)“御書(shu)閣”,是安(an)奉(feng)宋(song)太宗賜御書(shu)224軸的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),現已(yi)被(bei)毀(hui)無存。我(wo)們從(cong)大(da)洞(dong)(dong)東門出來,沿著羊腸小道拾級攀(pan)登(deng)北上,只見半(ban)(ban)山峭壁(bi)上刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“問(wen)心”兩字,用意似乎是要每個(ge)(ge)登(deng)山者回答:“繼續前進還是半(ban)(ban)途而(er)止?”面(mian)對那(nei)“鳥道磐羊腸,怪石(shi)削雞(ji)距,天(tian)梯斷(duan)后(hou)連(lian),下瞰毛(mao)骨豎”的(de)(de)險峻歷程,只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)下定(ding)決心,“飛步(bu)白(bai)云巔”,才能觀賞到那(nei)“石(shi)龕(kan)益(yi)奇(qi)麗”的(de)(de)景色(se)。后(hou)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)“問(wen)心”旁(pang)建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)半(ban)(ban)山亭(ting),讓游人(ren)小憩后(hou)繼續攀(pan)登(deng)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)詩(shi)云:“一生能有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)幾回游,勿在(zai)(zai)半(ban)(ban)山亭(ting)里(li)休,南峰頂上風光好,古郡勝景目中(zhong)收。”到了(le)北極(ji)洞(dong)(dong),十(shi)分涼爽,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“南北戶通”、“千(qian)里(li)俯窺(kui)”的(de)(de)奇(qi)景。清乾隆初年,潯州(zhou)知府李綺(江蘇人(ren))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)詩(shi)云:“未(wei)盡(jin)登(deng)臨(lin)興,還來絕頂游。俯身皆(jie)下界,極(ji)目見神州(zhou)”。妙哉(zai)!尤為(wei)(wei)后(hou)兩句寫景抒情,情融于景,讀(du)后(hou)令人(ren)振奮。北極(ji)洞(dong)(dong)又(you)名葛(ge)仙巖,是公元四世紀晉(jin)代藥(yao)物家(jia)葛(ge)洪從(cong)廣東羅浮山來此山采藥(yao)煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)時居住的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)。在(zai)(zai)這個(ge)(ge)巖的(de)(de)山腳下有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)泉眼(yan),常年有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泉水(shui)(shui)涌動而(er)出,水(shui)(shui)清味甜可口,水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)含有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)砂,飲之可延年益(yi)壽。據(ju)傳(chuan)說,當年葛(ge)洪就在(zai)(zai)泉眼(yan)邊筑(zhu)圍成井,取此井水(shui)(shui)到北極(ji)洞(dong)(dong)筑(zhu)灶(zao)(zao)煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)。他(ta)歷盡(jin)了(le)千(qian)辛萬苦,終于煉出了(le)仙丹(dan)(dan)(dan),修成了(le)正果,成仙升天(tian)去(qu)了(le)。后(hou)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)紀念他(ta)的(de)(de)功德,尊(zun)稱他(ta)為(wei)(wei)葛(ge)仙,北極(ji)洞(dong)(dong)又(you)得(de)名葛(ge)仙洞(dong)(dong)。那(nei)口井稱為(wei)(wei)仙人(ren)井,葛(ge)洪煉丹(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)灶(zao)(zao)稱為(wei)(wei)葛(ge)仙灶(zao)(zao),今遺跡(ji)尚存。清代舉(ju)人(ren)石(shi)崇(chong)先有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)《丹(dan)(dan)(dan)灶(zao)(zao)吟》云:“水(shui)(shui)云深入好棲遲,行滿功成在(zai)(zai)此時。九(jiu)轉靈丹(dan)(dan)(dan)真火候,三(san)翻消息登(deng)離奇(qi)。一天(tian)驀(mo)靜三(san)更現,萬法(fa)全(quan)空五夜知。得(de)道仙翁駕鶴(he)去(qu),長留丹(dan)(dan)(dan)灶(zao)(zao)使(shi)人(ren)思。”看來,一切均(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)證可考。
從(cong)北極(ji)洞出來,登上(shang)獅山(shan)頂峰(feng),倚著(zhu)嵯峨的山(shan)石,遠(yuan)眺(tiao)稻浪翻滾,蔗海(hai)蔥蘢(long),青山(shan)聳(song)翠,郁水蕩波(bo),鬧市(shi)人涌,大道(dao)(dao)車(che)流,真是氣象萬千。近(jin)看(kan)廿四峰(feng)羅列如畫屏,翠黛(dai)環立。宋代貴(gui)州(今貴(gui)港)郡(jun)守陳昭(zhao)嗣作詩(shi)曰:“二十四峰(feng)稱(cheng)小(xiao)桂(gui),山(shan)明水秀本從(cong)來。”1991年我們陪南(nan)(nan)寧市(shi)葵花詩(shi)社十老(lao)游南(nan)(nan)山(shan)時也吟道(dao)(dao):“陪客南(nan)(nan)山(shan)再次游,攀登步上(shang)頂峰(feng)樓。披襟極(ji)目情無限,廿四奇峰(feng)眼底收。”可謂異(yi)曲(qu)同(tong)工。
舍利塔
從獅山(shan)頂峰沿石級而下(xia),來(lai)到山(shan)背腳下(xia)的(de)舍(she)(she)利塔(ta)(ta)。此塔(ta)(ta)共(gong)4層,高6米(mi)(mi),寬2.5米(mi)(mi),塔(ta)(ta)上端書“舍(she)(she)利寶塔(ta)(ta)”四字,下(xia)端有佛(fo)像浮雕一尊。塔(ta)(ta)旁有一石碑(bei)曰“南(nan)山(shan)舍(she)(she)利塔(ta)(ta)記”,碑(bei)高96厘米(mi)(mi),寬76厘米(mi)(mi)。碑(bei)文(wen)有“佛(fo)光頻耀,震動人(ren)(ren)天,信女(nv)(nv)陳覺(jue)定喜舍(she)(she)桂鈔一千五百一十五元敬造石塔(ta)(ta)”等(deng)字樣(yang)。這個塔(ta)(ta)是(shi)民國年間,本(ben)邑南(nan)江村盛(sheng)光庭得知南(nan)山(shan)寺末代住持李春(chun)崖收有普仁(ren)大師園寂時的(de)一顆佛(fo)珠(zhu)藏(zang)于(yu)廣東肇慶慶云寺,便親到那里索珠(zhu)回來(lai),即與(yu)當地紳耆龔雨庭、葉瑞庭、周景賢、林進才(cai)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)商議建舍(she)(she)利塔(ta)(ta)。隨后便以貴縣佛(fo)教協會(hui)名義發(fa)出(chu)緣部,向各(ge)方善男信女(nv)(nv),廣結善緣,隨緣樂捐(juan),并得到香港(gang)信女(nv)(nv)陳覺(jue)定大力支(zhi)持,遂于(yu)1936年間全塔(ta)(ta)建成(cheng),將普仁(ren)大師的(de)佛(fo)珠(zhu)藏(zang)于(yu)塔(ta)(ta)內(nei)。
舍(she)利塔前面(mian)是(shi)一(yi)片廣闊的悠閑林蔭地,內中(zhong)有(you)水塘。市政府(fu)已(yi)撥款興建(jian)動(dong)物(wu)園(yuan)(yuan),并于(yu)2003年8月13日建(jian)成對(dui)外開(kai)放(fang)。動(dong)物(wu)園(yuan)(yuan)占地60畝,分為(wei)猛獸觀(guan)賞區、靈(ling)長類觀(guan)賞區、綜合表演(yan)館、兒童(tong)逗趣(qu)園(yuan)(yuan)等區域。展(zhan)出(chu)東(dong)北(bei)虎、獅子、狒(fei)狒(fei)、犀(xi)鳥等極具觀(guan)賞價值的動(dong)物(wu)30多種200多頭(只),及包括(kuo)黑熊、鳥類、猴子及寵物(wu)狗在內的綜合性表演(yan)。據了解(jie),該園(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)廣西僅次于(yu)南寧(ning)市動(dong)物(wu)園(yuan)(yuan)的第二(er)大公有(you)動(dong)物(wu)園(yuan)(yuan)。南山寺動(dong)物(wu)園(yuan)(yuan)的建(jian)成開(kai)放(fang),為(wei)南山景區增添了一(yi)個炫(xuan)目的亮點。
菩提樹
從舍利塔沿(yan)石級(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)下(xia),回到南(nan)(nan)(nan)山寺門西側,甘液池邊(bian),有棵遠(yuan)近聞名的菩(pu)(pu)提樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高16米,主干直(zhi)徑1.1米,葉(xie)大如掌,遮(zhe)覆直(zhi)徑達8米,四(si)季常(chang)青,樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)本名貝(bei)多(duo)羅,是佛(fo)教圣樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),相(xiang)傳以前西天眾僧(seng)在此(ci)(ci)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)宣(xuan)講(jiang)佛(fo)經(jing),證菩(pu)(pu)提果,因而又(you)稱(cheng)菩(pu)(pu)提樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),因其稀有長(chang)壽,而成(cheng)為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)山寺之(zhi)瑰寶。此(ci)(ci)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)原產印度(du),中(zhong)國稀有,南(nan)(nan)(nan)山寺和廣東羊(yang)城光孝寺各有一棵,合起來齊名。貴港人曾(ceng)紹箕于1686年(nian)作(zuo)《南(nan)(nan)(nan)山即景》詩(shi)時(shi)曾(ceng)提到菩(pu)(pu)提樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)云:“行看池邊(bian)菩(pu)(pu)提樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),靈鳥(niao)枝(zhi)頭學(xue)梵音”,據此(ci)(ci)推斷(duan),南(nan)(nan)(nan)山寺菩(pu)(pu)提樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)已有三百多(duo)年(nian)歷史了。但迄今(jin)還是青翠挺拔,枝(zhi)繁葉(xie)茂(mao),未顯龍鐘老態。更(geng)奇的是,將菩(pu)(pu)提葉(xie)浸于水中(zhong),存(cun)其盤脈,儼如薄紗,寺中(zhong)僧(seng)人曾(ceng)用以寫經(jing),可(ke)存(cun)千年(nian),今(jin)人用作(zuo)書簽,可(ke)防蛀蟲(chong)。
交通信息
南山寺(si)距城區中(zhong)心約四公里。從市新世紀廣場(chang)乘(cheng)8路公共汽車(che),跨(kua)過(guo)郁(yu)江(jiang)大橋,就(jiu)到南山寺(si)附近的文(wen)筆山。