天橋山自然保護(hu)區(qu)地貌多樣,自然條(tiao)件優越,野生(sheng)動植物(wu)資(zi)源豐富,系亞(ya)熱帶(dai)常(chang)綠闊葉、落(luo)葉混交林(lin),植被相當豐富,在生(sheng)態系統、生(sheng)物(wu)群落(luo)和物(wu)種多樣性等方(fang)面具(ju)有典型性和代(dai)表性,具(ju)有很(hen)高的科學、文化、旅游、經(jing)濟和保護(hu)價值(zhi)。
天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人文景觀和名勝古(gu)跡也多(duo)達40余(yu)處。如位(wei)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)半山(shan)(shan)懸崖脊上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)橋古(gu)道,據推算該古(gu)道最遲建(jian)成于(yu)清康(kang)熙(xi)以(yi)前,是(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)經(jing)通道,“上(shang)(shang)山(shan)(shan)必(bi)過橋,過橋必(bi)打顫”。由于(yu)奇懸多(duo)姿(zi),清舉人李(li)涌曾賦詩筆譽“府首洞(dong)門青霧(wu)鎖,昆(kun)瞻(zhan)峰(feng)頂白云(yun)連”。位(wei)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)極四庵,威(wei)嚴而儀態萬般,分別(bie)為(wei)修復于(yu)康(kang)熙(xi)年間的(de)(de)(de)(de)華(hua)巖閣、娘娘殿、北(bei)極宮(gong)和靈宮(gong)殿。位(wei)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)右側的(de)(de)(de)(de)杜鵑溪(xi),因杜鵑花繁(fan)茂而得名,水質清純,四季(ji)長(chang)流(liu);位(wei)于(yu)保(bao)護區北(bei)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)崔龍庵始建(jian)明清之間,翠竹(zhu)蔥茂,有“破竹(zhu)成兵,攻打朱元璋”等(deng)美妙神奇的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說(shuo);位(wei)于(yu)保(bao)護區南(nan)北(bei)腳(jiao)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)奇梁(liang)洞(dong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛教圣(sheng)地(di)。更為(wei)奇絕(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi),登(deng)上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)橋山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)頂,極目窮盡,沅江(jiang)、峒河像兩條飄帶把(ba)自然保(bao)護區緊(jin)緊(jin)環繞,云(yun)濤霧(wu)海,如登(deng)仙境。
天橋(qiao)山自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面積13333公頃,植物種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)92個(ge)科200余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)屬國家(jia)一級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)植物有(you)水杉(shan)、銀(yin)杏(xing)2種(zhong)(zhong),屬國家(jia)二(er)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)植物有(you)21種(zhong)(zhong),屬省(sheng)級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)植物有(you)40余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong);野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物30目50科1000余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物350余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong),屬國家(jia)一級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物有(you)白頸(jing)長尾雉(zhi)、黃(huang)腹角雉(zhi)、麝3種(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)二(er)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)30種(zhong)(zhong),省(sheng)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物有(you)100多種(zhong)(zhong)。