低壓電器有哪些分類方法

1、按用途和控(kong)制(zhi)對象不同(tong)，可將低壓電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分為配(pei)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。用于電(dian)(dian)能的輸(shu)送和分配(pei)的電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)稱為低壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這類電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)包括(kuo)刀開(kai)關、轉換開(kai)關、空氣斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)和熔斷器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。用于各種(zhong)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路和控(kong)制(zhi)系統的電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)稱為控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這類電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)包括(kuo)接觸器(qi)(qi)(qi)、起動器(qi)(qi)(qi)和各種(zhong)控(kong)制(zhi)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。

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2、按操作方式不同，可(ke)將(jiang)低壓電(dian)器(qi)(qi)分為自(zi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)和手動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)本身參(can)數變化或外來信號（如電(dian)、磁、光、熱等(deng)）自(zi)動(dong)(dong)完(wan)成接通(tong)(tong)、分斷(duan)、起動(dong)(dong)、反向(xiang)和停止等(deng)動(dong)(dong)作的電(dian)器(qi)(qi)稱為自(zi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)，常用的自(zi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)有接觸(chu)器(qi)(qi)、繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)人(ren)力直(zhi)接操作來完(wan)成接通(tong)(tong)、分斷(duan)、起動(dong)(dong)、反向(xiang)和停止等(deng)動(dong)(dong)作的電(dian)器(qi)(qi)稱為手動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)。常用的手動(dong)(dong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)有刀(dao)開關(guan)、轉(zhuan)換開關(guan)和主令電(dian)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)。

3、按工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)原理，低壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)分為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和非電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)依(yi)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁感應原理來工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，如(ru)接觸器(qi)(qi)(qi)、各類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。非電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)靠外力或某種非電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)變(bian)化而動作(zuo)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，如(ru)行程(cheng)開關(guan)、速(su)度繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。

常見低壓電器是怎么工作的

1、刀開關

刀(dao)(dao)開(kai)關又稱為(wei)閘刀(dao)(dao)開(kai)關或隔離開(kai)關，它是通(tong)過(guo)底座(zuo)上的(de)靜觸頭與刀(dao)(dao)夾座(zuo)相楔合（或分離），來控(kong)制電(dian)路(lu)接通(tong)（或分斷(duan)）的(de)低壓電(dian)器設備。

2、熔斷器

熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)也被(bei)稱為(wei)保(bao)(bao)險絲，IEC127標準(zhun)將它定義為(wei)“熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷體（fuse-link）”。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)的工作原理很簡單，當過(guo)載或短路電(dian)流通過(guo)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)時，電(dian)流產生的熱量(liang)會使(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷，從而保(bao)(bao)護電(dian)路不被(bei)損壞。

3、低壓斷路器

低(di)壓(ya)斷(duan)路器曾被稱為自動開(kai)關，其(qi)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理與熔斷(duan)器差不多(duo)，但功能(neng)要多(duo)一點，它是一種既(ji)有手動開(kai)關作(zuo)用，又(you)能(neng)自動進行失壓(ya)、欠壓(ya)、過載、和短路保護的(de)電器。

4、接觸器

接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器主要利(li)用了電磁(ci)感應原理，當(dang)(dang)接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器線圈(quan)通(tong)電后，線圈(quan)電流會產(chan)生磁(ci)場(chang)，產(chan)生的(de)磁(ci)場(chang)使靜(jing)鐵(tie)芯(xin)產(chan)生電磁(ci)吸力吸引動(dong)鐵(tie)芯(xin)，并帶動(dong)交流接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)器點(dian)動(dong)作，常(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)斷開(kai)，常(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)閉合(he)。當(dang)(dang)線圈(quan)斷電時，電磁(ci)吸力消(xiao)失，銜鐵(tie)在釋放彈(dan)簧的(de)作用下釋放，使觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)復原，常(chang)開(kai)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)斷開(kai)，常(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)閉合(he)。

5、繼電器

繼(ji)電器(qi)有(you)(you)很多種(zhong)類(lei)，不同(tong)類(lei)型(xing)的繼(ji)電器(qi)，工作(zuo)原理(li)略有(you)(you)不同(tong)，但它們的基本原理(li)是相似(si)的，都利用了電磁效應來(lai)控制(zhi)機械觸點，來(lai)而達(da)到通斷(duan)目的。