一、串聯電抗器和并聯電抗器的區別在哪里

串聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)與并聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)有(you)明顯區(qu)別，體現在作(zuo)用(yong)和適用(yong)范圍上，串聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)主要起(qi)限流和濾波作(zuo)用(yong)，并聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)主要起(qi)無功(gong)補(bu)償作(zuo)用(yong)，下面做(zuo)詳細介紹(shao)：

1、串聯電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)是電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)無功補償裝置(zhi)的(de)重要(yao)配套設(she)備。電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)與(yu)串聯電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)串聯后，能有效地抑制電(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的(de)高次諧波(bo)，限(xian)制合閘(zha)涌流及(ji)操作(zuo)過電(dian)(dian)壓，改善系統(tong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓波(bo)形，提高電(dian)(dian)網(wang)功率因數，對電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)及(ji)其(qi)它電(dian)(dian)力(li)設(she)備的(de)安全運(yun)行起到了較(jiao)大的(de)作(zuo)用。

串聯電抗器主(zhu)要用于(yu)限(xian)(xian)制短路電流，而電容(rong)器組(zu)串聯電抗(kang)器可以限(xian)(xian)制高次(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)，降低(di)電抗(kang)。

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2、并聯電抗器可以用于補償長距離(li)輸電線路的分布電容補償，防止(zhi)空載長線路末端電壓(ya)升高（通常用于500KV系統(tong)），還可以有利于單相重合閘和降低操作過(guo)電壓(ya)。

為(wei)了提高遠距離(li)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)能力和改善線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)情況，削弱空載或輕(qing)載時(shi)長線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容效應(ying)所(suo)引起的(de)(de)(de)工頻電(dian)(dian)壓升高，改善沿(yan)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)壓分(fen)布和輕(qing)載線(xian)(xian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功分(fen)布并(bing)降低(di)線(xian)(xian)損，減少潛(qian)供電(dian)(dian)流，加速潛(qian)供電(dian)(dian)弧的(de)(de)(de)熄滅(mie)，提高線(xian)(xian)路(lu)自動重合閘的(de)(de)(de)成功率(lv)，并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)被廣泛應(ying)用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)遠距離(li)輸(shu)配電(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目。

二、串聯電抗器的電流大嗎

確定(ding)電容器(qi)(qi)串聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)回(hui)(hui)路的電流(liu)，應該把電容器(qi)(qi)和串聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)作為(wei)一個回(hui)(hui)路整體來分(fen)析，因為(wei)補償回(hui)(hui)路中除了要承載正常的基波無功(gong)電流(liu)外，還應該允許它能夠承載一定(ding)量的某次諧波電流(liu)。

串聯電抗器的(de)電容器補(bu)償回路，常情況下補(bu)償容量及(ji)通過(guo)的(de)電流如何計(ji)算呢，現舉例如下：如果回路電抗器的(de)電抗率為14%，系(xi)統(tong)電壓為400V。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器承受的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)(wei)：400(1-14%)=465.1V，如果選擇(ze)所配套的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)(wei)525V（也可以(yi)為(wei)(wei)480V），額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)525V，容(rong)量為(wei)(wei)30Kvar的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)33A，串(chuan)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)率14%的(de)后(hou)實際發(fa)出30x（465.1/525）2-23.5Kvar，向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網只能補償(chang)23.5x（1-14%）=20.1Kvar的(de)無功(gong)功(gong)率，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)23.5/（V3x0.4651）=29.2（A）。此(ci)(ci)時(shi)通(tong)過的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)遠小(xiao)于額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)33A了。

所以串聯電抗器(qi)的(de)電流(liu)是不大的(de)。