一、電源管理和電源控制的區別在哪里

電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)控(kong)制(zhi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別，是(shi)關于數字(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)討論中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵概(gai)念。使用(yong)(yong)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)控(kong)制(zhi)”術語來(lai)強調電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系統內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)，尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)個體內部能(neng)量流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)循(xun)環管(guan)理。這一(yi)定義包含了反饋回路(lu)和(he)內部管(guan)理維持功(gong)能(neng)。功(gong)率控(kong)制(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)在與電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開關頻率實時監控(kong)中(zhong)起(qi)到作用(yong)(yong)。這種類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)可以(yi)由模(mo)擬或者數字(zi)技(ji)術實現，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系統無論采用(yong)(yong)哪種方式(shi)，呈(cheng)現給最終用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表現是(shi)基(ji)本一(yi)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這就(jiu)是(shi)說，數字(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)不要求(qiu)最終用(yong)(yong)戶做任何改變和(he)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計。

相應的，“電源管理”是(shi)關于(yu)(yu)一個或多個電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)之外的(de)通(tong)訊和控制。包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)配置，單(dan)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)的(de)監控，以及故障(zhang)監測信(xin)(xin)息傳送等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管理功(gong)能(neng)不是(shi)實時(shi)的(de)，它們在一定(ding)的(de)時(shi)間范圍內起作用(yong)，要慢于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)的(de)開(kai)關頻率。目(mu)前，這些(xie)功(gong)能(neng)都(dou)趨于(yu)(yu)將(jiang)模(mo)擬和數(shu)字技(ji)術結(jie)合。例如(ru)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器通(tong)常用(yong)于(yu)(yu)調整輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，而給(gei)每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)排序(xu)則需要專線控制。按照(zhao)愛立(li)信(xin)(xin)的(de)定(ding)義，數(shu)字電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管理意味著這些(xie)功(gong)能(neng)全部使(shi)用(yong)數(shu)字技(ji)術。此外，簡化(hua)互連方式應用(yong)在某些(xie)類(lei)型的(de)數(shu)據通(tong)信(xin)(xin)母(mu)線結(jie)構(gou)，優于(yu)(yu)在每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)之間使(shi)用(yong)多種定(ding)制的(de)互連手段進(jin)行排序(xu)和偵(zhen)錯。

二、電源管理有什么特點

電源(yuan)管理的(de)特點是高(gao)效能(neng)、低功(gong)耗、智能(neng)化。

提高(gao)效能涉及兩個不(bu)同(tong)方面的(de)內容：一方面想要保持能量轉換的(de)綜合效率(lv)，同(tong)時(shi)還希望減小(xiao)設備的(de)尺(chi)寸；另一方面是保護(hu)尺(chi)寸不(bu)變，大幅(fu)度提高(gao)效能。

在(zai)交流/直流（AC/DC）變換(huan)中，低的(de)通態電(dian)阻，符合計(ji)算(suan)機和電(dian)信應用(yong)中更(geng)加高效適配器和電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)需(xu)要(yao)。在(zai)電(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)方面(mian)，一般(ban)待(dai)機能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)已經(jing)降到(dao)1W以下(xia)，并可將電(dian)源(yuan)效率(lv)提高至90%以上。要(yao)進一步(bu)降低現有待(dai)機能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)，則(ze)需(xu)要(yao)有新的(de)IC制造工藝技術(shu)及(ji)在(zai)低功耗(hao)電(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)方面(mian)的(de)突破。

越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)系統會需要(yao)多輸(shu)出穩壓(ya)器。例如(ru)帶多輸(shu)出和電(dian)源(yuan)通(tong)路(lu)控制的(de)鋰離子充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)，多輸(shu)出DC/DC轉換器和具有(you)動態可調輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)開關(guan)穩壓(ya)器等。

上世紀80年代，提出了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)制造中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)集(ji)成(cheng)概念(nian)，明(ming)確(que)了集(ji)成(cheng)化是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術未來發展的(de)方(fang)向，是(shi)解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術發展面臨障礙(ai)的(de)最有希(xi)望(wang)的(de)出路。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路逐步成(cheng)為功率半(ban)導體器件中的(de)主導器件，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技術推向了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理的(de)新(xin)時代。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路分成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓調整器和接口電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路兩方(fang)面。正是(shi)因(yin)為這(zhe)么(me)多(duo)的(de)集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路（IC）進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)領(ling)域，人們才更多(duo)地以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理來稱(cheng)呼現階段的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技術。