一、電動叉車用的是什么電池

電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車，根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型，一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種：

1、鉛酸電池

鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)最(zui)傳統(tong)且常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)類(lei)型(xing)之一，它采用(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)板和硫酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液，具有較低的(de)(de)能量(liang)(liang)密度和比(bi)能量(liang)(liang)，但相對較低的(de)(de)成本。鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)優點是(shi)成熟、穩定，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命長(chang)，同時可(ke)以循(xun)環充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)多次。然而，鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)存在重量(liang)(liang)大、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間長(chang)、自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)快等缺點，影響了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車(che)的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)效率和續航(hang)能力。

2、鋰電池

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)作(zuo)(zuo)為新興的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)技術(shu)，逐(zhu)漸在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉車領域嶄露(lu)頭角。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具(ju)有較高的能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)度和比能(neng)量(liang)，相對(dui)于鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)而言，具(ju)有更(geng)輕的重量(liang)和更(geng)長的使用(yong)(yong)時間。同時，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)還具(ju)有無記(ji)憶效應、快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)等優點，可以有效提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉車的工作(zuo)(zuo)效率。然而，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)價格相對(dui)較高，使用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程中需要注(zhu)意防止過(guo)(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)(guo)度充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，以避免安全(quan)事故發生。

3、燃料電池

燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池也是電(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車中的新興(xing)動(dong)力源。燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池利用氫氣和氧(yang)氣反應產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，無需充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，只需添加燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)即可。燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池具有快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、零排放等優點(dian)，能(neng)夠(gou)滿足電(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉車在長時間工作和高強度工作的需求(qiu)。然而，燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池技術目前還不夠(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)，相關設(she)備和燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)供(gong)應鏈的建(jian)設(she)也存在一定難(nan)度和成(cheng)(cheng)本。

二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪

鋰電池(chi)和鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池(chi)是電動(dong)叉(cha)車(che)使用比(bi)較多的兩種電池(chi)，鋰電池(chi)叉(cha)車(che)和鉛(qian)酸(suan)電池(chi)叉(cha)車(che)對比(bi)起來，主要(yao)優勢在于以下(xia)幾個方面：

1、充電速度快

鋰電(dian)池依靠自身的化學特性(xing)，滿足更(geng)快的充電(dian)速度(du)要求，從10%~100%充電(dian)時(shi)長(chang)(chang)只(zhi)需2h。而鉛酸電(dian)池從20%~100%充電(dian)時(shi)長(chang)(chang)需要8-10h。

2、充電無記憶

鋰電池叉車的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)無記憶特性使得電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能夠進(jin)(jin)行隨機、間歇(xie)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而不影響壽命，使用(yong)者可以高效(xiao)的(de)利(li)用(yong)工歇(xie)和休息(xi)時間進(jin)(jin)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)補充，方便使用(yong)者進(jin)(jin)行工作(zuo)統籌(chou)。鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)有充電(dian)(dian)(dian)記憶，如進(jin)(jin)行隨機或(huo)間歇(xie)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，嚴重損(sun)害電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命，因(yin)此一般需要20%-100%滿(man)充滿(man)放(fang)，定期進(jin)(jin)行均衡充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

3、使用壽命長

鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池平均1200次（作(zuo)業時長約6000h）的循(xun)環壽命，磷酸鐵鋰電(dian)池則有著4000+次（作(zuo)業時長約24000h）循(xun)環壽命。在實際使(shi)用(yong)中，磷酸鐵鋰電(dian)池使(shi)用(yong)4000+次后(hou)仍擁有65%以上容量(liang)，而鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池使(shi)用(yong)1200次后(hou)容量(liang)不足50%。

4、放電溫度區間廣

在(zai)-20度(du)到60度(du)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或低溫(wen)(wen)狀態下，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)具備良(liang)好的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能，在(zai)-20度(du)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率為80%~90%，而鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率不足30%。