教您如何選擇合適的熒光燈鎮流器

隨著人類社(she)會的不(bu)斷進(jin)步，人們對物(wu)質生(sheng)活(huo)與精神(shen)(shen)生(sheng)活(huo)的完美(mei)追求(qiu)，現(xian)代照明(ming)技術(shu)演繹精彩世界已被廣泛(fan)接(jie)受(shou)和應用，照明(ming)在當今社(she)會已作為衡量一座城市和地區現(xian)代化文(wen)明(ming)的重(zhong)(zhong)要標志之一。根據(ju)國家經貿委(wei)、建設(she)部、國家質量技術(shu)監督(du)局"關于進(jin)一步推廣中國綠色照明(ming)工程(cheng)的意(yi)見"的文(wen)件精神(shen)(shen)，節能環保作為我(wo)國一項重(zhong)(zhong)要的產業政策，必(bi)將對基建和改(gai)造(zao)工程(cheng)有(you)著重(zhong)(zhong)要的現(xian)實(shi)指(zhi)導意(yi)義。

目前，我國(guo)(guo)正處在(zai)迎接(jie)綠色奧運、改善就醫(yi)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)建設(she)時期，適時引進綠色高(gao)效照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)產品，對新建和(he)改造工程(cheng)中有效提(ti)高(gao)能源利(li)用(yong)率、保護(hu)環(huan)境(jing)、提(ti)高(gao)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)質(zhi)量，與(yu)現(xian)代(dai)化、國(guo)(guo)際(ji)化接(jie)軌(gui)，創造良(liang)好的(de)醫(yi)療、康復環(huan)境(jing)勢在(zai)必行。醫(yi)院(yuan)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)設(she)計(ji)及照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)產品的(de)選擇是以能充分(fen)發揮醫(yi)院(yuan)功能；直(zhi)接(jie)或(huo)間接(jie)服(fu)務于醫(yi)療起作(zuo)用(yong)為目的(de)。在(zai)充分(fen)考慮醫(yi)院(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)特(te)點及照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)特(te)點的(de)情況(kuang)下，注重照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)電器的(de)核心部件鎮流(liu)器的(de)科學(xue)(xue)選定對醫(yi)院(yuan)使用(yong)后的(de)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)質(zhi)量、運行費(fei)用(yong)、樓(lou)宇安全(quan)、醫(yi)務人(ren)員工作(zuo)效率、醫(yi)療儀器設(she)備檢測數據、診(zhen)斷結論及對電網(wang)的(de)污染、人(ren)身傷(shang)害等有著至(zhi)關重要的(de)影(ying)響和(he)作(zuo)用(yong)。醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)檢測及診(zhen)斷結論直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響病人(ren)的(de)治療和(he)健康；因此，應(ying)引起高(gao)度(du)重視。

目前，室(shi)內照明光(guang)源(yuan)以熒光(guang)燈為主；點燈有電(dian)(dian)感(gan)(gan)鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)和電(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)兩種方(fang)式。以下分別(bie)將高性能電(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)與電(dian)(dian)感(gan)(gan)鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)及普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)使用情況做(zuo)一全面比較：

一、與電感鎮流器比較：

1、高效節能：

電感鎮流器工作頻(pin)率為50HZ，

電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)工作頻(pin)率為20~50KHZ，燈管在(zai)高頻(pin)下(xia)發光(guang)效率比(bi)工頻(pin)提(ti)高10％，因而(er)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)感鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)點(dian)燈亮度(du)提(ti)高；另電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)自身耗電(dian)(dian)少，如在(zai)同等亮度(du)下(xia)，采用電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)感鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)約20~30％；其中電(dian)(dian)感鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)工作時增加室(shi)內(nei)溫升，夏季需要空調降溫的(de)電(dian)(dian)費未計算(suan)在(zai)內(nei)。醫院一般(ban)照(zhao)明(ming)約占70％，采用高性能電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)比(bi)優質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)感鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流器(qi)年可節(jie)約2~3個月電(dian)(dian)費，可逐步回收燈具成本，降低物業運行成本。

2、舒適：

電(dian)感(gan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)會產生(sheng)頻閃現象，在此環(huan)境下工作(zuo)(zuo)、學(xue)習視(shi)覺易疲勞。對(dui)(dui)高(gao)(gao)速旋轉物體易產生(sheng)錯覺，存在事故隱(yin)患。同時電(dian)感(gan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)發出50HZ的低(di)頻噪(zao)聲，易使人煩躁。耳鼻(bi)喉(hou)科聽音室(shi)在采(cai)用(yong)熒光(guang)燈(deng)照明時，應使用(yong)電(dian)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)，以防誤診(zhen)；病(bing)房、候(hou)診(zhen)大廳在使用(yong)熒光(guang)燈(deng)時，不(bu)宜(yi)選用(yong)電(dian)感(gan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)，主(zhu)要考慮頻閃和噪(zao)音等會引起病(bing)人的不(bu)適。采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)可消除頻閃，保護視(shi)力，市場銷售的學(xue)生(sheng)護眼(yan)燈(deng)就是采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)配備三基(ji)色(se)燈(deng)管設計生(sheng)產的。高(gao)(gao)性能電(dian)子鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)無頻閃、無噪(zao)音、護眼(yan)護腦(nao)，與(yu)三基(ji)色(se)燈(deng)管配套使用(yong)，顯色(se)性好，色(se)彩逼真；高(gao)(gao)光(guang)效；光(guang)衰小(xiao)；舒適；凈化工作(zuo)(zuo)、學(xue)習、生(sheng)活環(huan)境；提高(gao)(gao)工作(zuo)(zuo)效率，有利(li)病(bing)人康復；尤其適用(yong)于病(bing)房、檢(jian)查室(shi)等對(dui)(dui)照明要求高(gao)(gao)顯色(se)性的場所。

3、安全：

電感鎮流器由于自身耗電量(liang)大，耗電轉(zhuan)化為熱能，表面溫升高，尤(you)其在電網電壓波動較(jiao)高時(shi)，溫度(du)可達120~130℃，成為火災隱患，此類事故時(shi)有(you)發生。

電感(gan)鎮流器在＋10℃以上啟(qi)動正(zheng)常工作(zuo)，低(di)于(yu)-5℃啟(qi)動困難(nan)；電網電壓低(di)于(yu)180V難(nan)于(yu)正(zheng)常啟(qi)輝；由(you)于(yu)不能(neng)一次(ci)啟(qi)動，多次(ci)啟(qi)動易損壞燈(deng)管陰極，縮短(duan)燈(deng)管壽命。

電(dian)感鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器功率(lv)因數(shu)低，大(da)約(yue)0.4~0.6左(zuo)右(you)(you),致(zhi)使大(da)量(liang)無功功率(lv)增(zeng)大(da)了(le)(le)照(zhao)明(ming)線路電(dian)流(liu)(liu)和(he)變壓器容量(liang)，從而大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)線路和(he)變壓器損耗(hao)，也(ye)加(jia)大(da)了(le)(le)電(dian)能損失(shi)，降(jiang)低照(zhao)明(ming)質量(liang)，同時對(dui)電(dian)網的運行帶來威脅。安裝(zhuang)補償電(dian)容后，明(ming)顯加(jia)大(da)了(le)(le)諧波電(dian)流(liu)(liu)，因而對(dui)電(dian)網及網內其他儀器設(she)備造成干擾(rao)和(he)危害(hai)。高性能電(dian)子鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器功率(lv)因數(shu)≥0.97，只(zhi)有3％左(zuo)右(you)(you)的無功損耗(hao)，無功節(jie)電(dian)45％以(yi)上(shang)；諧波含量(liang)小(xiao)，使輸入電(dian)流(liu)(liu)波形(xing)畸變小(xiao)，對(dui)電(dian)網幾(ji)乎無污染；并且可減少供電(dian)設(she)備的增(zeng)容。電(dian)子鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器適應寬電(dian)壓工(gong)作(zuo)范圍(wei)，在-10℃~＋50℃環境下可正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)，安全，高可靠。

高性能電(dian)子鎮流器對燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)有保護作用，燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)開關(guan)次數可達萬(wan)次以上，燈(deng)(deng)頭無明顯(xian)發黑，除保證(zheng)達到燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)的標稱(cheng)壽命(ming)外，還能延長其壽命(ming)1.3~1.5倍。

4、環保：

電(dian)感鎮流器由于使(shi)(shi)用機械啟(qi)輝器，會(hui)(hui)產生(sheng)瞬時高(gao)壓脈沖，對家電(dian)和(he)其它用電(dian)設備產生(sheng)干(gan)擾(rao)。使(shi)(shi)用電(dian)感鎮流器，電(dian)壓過(guo)高(gao)，過(guo)低(di)都會(hui)(hui)縮(suo)短燈管(guan)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)，廢棄燈管(guan)回收不利將會(hui)(hui)引起汞泄露，帶來(lai)二(er)次污染。高(gao)性能電(dian)子鎮流器使(shi)(shi)燈管(guan)的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)延長，節約了頻(pin)繁(fan)更換燈管(guan)的(de)成本和(he)勞務，既(ji)經濟又有利于環保。

綜上所述，對新建和改造工程，在(zai)項目資金(jin)運(yun)作、經濟狀況允許(xu)的(de)條件下，應予以全面否(fou)定電感鎮(zhen)流器。

二、普通電子鎮流器比較

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)"鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)"技(ji)術和(he)(he)晶體管開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技(ji)術基礎上發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)起(qi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)新技(ji)術產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，是(shi)燈用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體產(chan)(chan)(chan)品應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，它集光、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)等技(ji)術于(yu)(yu)(yu)一體，主要(yao)技(ji)術難(nan)題是(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)，開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)符(fu)合(he)國(guo)家(jia)標準，適合(he)國(guo)內消(xiao)費水平(ping)，具有市場競爭力、良好性(xing)(xing)價(jia)比的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品難(nan)度(du)(du)就更大(da)(da)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)問市十余年(nian)以(yi)來，以(yi)其高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、無頻閃(shan)、無噪音(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)得到普遍關注(zhu)，并(bing)迅(xun)速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，但由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量，主要(yao)是(shi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)及可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)曾存在許多(duo)問題：功(gong)率因(yin)數(shu)低、諧(xie)波(bo)含(han)量高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)差；輸出(chu)功(gong)率低，燈管亮度(du)(du)低，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)低，功(gong)耗大(da)(da)，溫(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，特別是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)短，大(da)(da)面積群(qun)燈使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)污染嚴重；并(bing)且(qie)有互感自激，導致鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)損壞，使消(xiao)費者蒙受很(hen)大(da)(da)損失；嚴重損害(hai)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體形象(xiang)；給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)造成(cheng)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不省錢(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)惡劣影響。近年(nian)來，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)原理及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)元器(qi)(qi)(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)整(zheng)體提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，國(guo)內涌現(xian)出(chu)不少優秀產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。醫(yi)院具有很(hen)多(duo)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)敏感度(du)(du)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備（包括心臟起(qi)博(bo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等），電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)環(huan)境(jing)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)A類工業環(huan)境(jing)，因(yin)而在照(zhao)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇上必須(xu)具備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)。普通高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)功(gong)率因(yin)數(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)因(yin)無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，諧(xie)波(bo)含(han)量高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，易干擾(rao)醫(yi)療儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備，因(yin)而不宜選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)醫(yi)院使用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇應在注(zhu)重其功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上，著重考察(cha)是(shi)否通過(guo)EMC認證，具有良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)是(shi)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)裝置設(she)(she)(she)備或系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)限制在允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍(wei)內，以(yi)達到保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)環(huan)境(jing)（包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)網(wang)絡），同時在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)環(huan)境(jing)下具有不降低運行性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)兼(jian)容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)敏感性(xing)(xing)（EMS）和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)（EMI）構(gou)成(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)由(you)無線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)、諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)動(dong)和(he)(he)閃(shan)爍等形成(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)波(bo)通過(guo)沿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線發(fa)(fa)(fa)射騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)網(wang)絡，向周圍(wei)空間(jian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)騷(sao)(sao)擾(rao)波(bo)。