什么是整流器

整流器是(shi)把(ba)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)(cheng)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)的裝置(zhi)，可用于供電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)及偵測無線電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)等。整流器可以真空(kong)管，引燃管，固態矽半導體二極管，汞弧等制成(cheng)(cheng)。整流器是(shi)一個(ge)(ge)整流裝置(zhi)，簡單(dan)的說就(jiu)是(shi)將(jiang)交(jiao)流(AC)轉(zhuan)化為直流(DC)的裝置(zhi)。它有兩個(ge)(ge)主要功能：第(di)一，將(jiang)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(AC)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(DC)，經濾(lv)波后供給(gei)負(fu)載，或者供給(gei)逆變(bian)器；第(di)二，給(gei)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池提供充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。因此，它同時又起(qi)到一個(ge)(ge)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的作用。

整流器原理

在以(yi)大功(gong)率(lv)(lv)二(er)極管(guan)或晶閘管(guan)為(wei)基礎的兩(liang)種基本類(lei)型的整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)中(zhong)，電(dian)網的高壓交流(liu)(liu)(liu)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)通過變壓器(qi)變換為(wei)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)。提到未來(不(bu)久的或遙(yao)遠(yuan)的)的其(qi)它類(lei)型整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)：以(yi)不(bu)可控二(er)極管(guan)前沿產品為(wei)基礎的斬波(bo)器(qi)、斬波(bo)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)/直流(liu)(liu)(liu)變換器(qi)或電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)源逆變型有(you)源整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)。

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整流器與鎮流器的區別

把交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)成直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)設(she)備就稱為整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)器。按照(zhao)所采用的(de)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)器件，可分為機(ji)械(xie)式、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)管式和(he)半導體式幾類。 電(dian)(dian)感鎮流(liu)(liu)器是一(yi)個鐵芯電(dian)(dian)感線(xian)圈(quan)，電(dian)(dian)感的(de)性質是當(dang)線(xian)圈(quan)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)發生(sheng)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)時，則在線(xian)圈(quan)中將引起(qi)磁(ci)通的(de)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，從而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)感應電(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢，其方(fang)向與電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)方(fang)向相反，因而(er)阻礙著電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)。

鎮流器是什么

鎮(zhen)流器（ballast resistor）是日光燈上起限流作用和產生瞬間高壓的設備，它是在硅鋼制作的鐵芯上纏漆包線制作而成，這樣的帶鐵芯的線圈，在瞬間開/關上電(dian)時(shi)，就會(hui)(hui)自感(gan)產(chan)生(sheng)高壓，加在日(ri)光燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩端(duan)的(de)電(dian)極（燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)）上。這(zhe)個動作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是交替進行的(de)，當(dang)啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（跳(tiao)泡）閉合(he)時(shi)，燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)熱；當(dang)啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)開路(lu)時(shi)，鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就會(hui)(hui)自感(gan)產(chan)生(sheng)高壓加在燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)兩端(duan)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)上，燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)電(dian)子(zi)轟擊管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁(bi)的(de)螢光粉(fen)發(fa)(fa)(fa)光，啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)反(fan)復幾(ji)次通(tong)(tong)(tong)斷，就會(hui)(hui)反(fan)復幾(ji)次這(zhe)樣的(de)動作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，從(cong)而打通(tong)(tong)(tong)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。當(dang)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)正(zheng)常發(fa)(fa)(fa)光時(shi)，內阻變小，啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就始終(zhong)保(bao)持開路(lu)狀態，這(zhe)樣電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就穩定的(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了(le)，使(shi)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)正(zheng)常發(fa)(fa)(fa)光。由于鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在日(ri)光燈(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)，始終(zhong)有(you)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過，所以容易產(chan)生(sheng)振動，并(bing)且會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)熱，所以有(you)鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)日(ri)光燈(deng)(deng)，特別是鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)質量不好時(shi)，會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)很大(da)的(de)聲音(yin)，用(yong)的(de)時(shi)間長了(le)，還容易燒毀。

電子鎮流器的工作原理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)一個將工(gong)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)轉換成高(gao)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)變換器(qi)，其基本(ben)工(gong)作(zuo)原理是(shi)(shi)：工(gong)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)經過射(she)頻(pin)干擾(rao)(RFI)濾波器(qi)，全波整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和無(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)(或有源(yuan)(yuan))功率因(yin)數校正器(qi)(PPFC或APFC)后，變為(wei)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。通過DC/AC變換器(qi)，輸出20K-100KHZ的(de)高(gao)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，加到與燈(deng)(deng)連接的(de)LC串聯諧振電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路加熱燈(deng)(deng)絲，同時在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)上(shang)產生諧振高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)，加在燈(deng)(deng)管兩(liang)端，但使(shi)燈(deng)(deng)管"放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"變成"導(dao)通"狀(zhuang)態(tai)，再進(jin)入發(fa)光狀(zhuang)態(tai)，此時高(gao)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感起限制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)的(de)作(zuo)用，保(bao)證燈(deng)(deng)管獲(huo)得正常工(gong)作(zuo)所需的(de)燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，為(wei)了提高(gao)可靠性，常增(zeng)設(she)各種保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，如異常保(bao)護(hu)，浪涌電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)，溫度保(bao)護(hu)等等。

直管熒光燈鎮流器

直管熒光燈鎮流器對實施(shi)“照明(ming)(ming)功率(lv)密度(du)(LPD)”限值(zhi)的(de)影響 GB50034-2004第6章規定(ding)了“照明(ming)(ming)功率(lv)密度(du)(LPD)”最高(gao)限值(zhi)指標，并作為強制性(xing)條文發布。這(zhe)項(xiang)規定(ding)對于實施(shi)我國節(jie)能(neng)方針(zhen)無疑(yi)是(shi)十分積極(ji)而有(you)效的(de)。要(yao)實施(shi)這(zhe)項(xiang)指標，必須全面地采取各(ge)項(xiang)措施(shi)，包括(kuo)合理確定(ding)照度(du)水(shui)平，開展科學(xue)的(de)照明(ming)(ming)工程設計(ji)等，但合理選用(yong)照明(ming)(ming)器材，包括(kuo)光(guang)(guang)源、燈(deng)(deng)具及鎮流器，是(shi)十分重要(yao)的(de)因素(su)。其中，光(guang)(guang)源是(shi)第一要(yao)素(su)。以應用(yong)最廣泛的(de)直(zhi)管(guan)熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)為例。如果選用(yong)高(gao)效的(de)T8三基色熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(36W)和(he)T8鹵粉熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)相比，同為冷色溫時，前者可提高(gao)光(guang)(guang)效30%；相同照度(du)時，前者的(de)安裝功率(lv)降低23%(當然，如果T8三基色熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)和(he)過去的(de)T12鹵粉燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)相比，可降低約32%)。