縫紉機有哪些種類

1、按用途分類

可分為家用縫紉機、服(fu)務行業用(yong)縫紉(ren)機和工業用(yong)縫紉(ren)機三種。

2、按線跡分類

可分為單線(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、單線(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、多線(xian)(xian)(xian)包邊鏈式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、多線(xian)(xian)(xian)覆(fu)蓋鏈式(shi)(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、三線(xian)(xian)(xian)包縫(feng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)復合鏈鎖線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、仿手縫(feng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)和無線(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)十種。

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3、按勾線機構分類

可分為擺梭(suo)勾線、旋梭(suo)勾線、單彎(wan)針(zhen)勾線、雙彎(wan)針(zhen)勾線和旋轉(zhuan)勾線五種(zhong)。

4、按挑線機構分類

可分為針(zhen)桿(gan)挑(tiao)線、凸(tu)輪挑(tiao)線、連桿(gan)挑(tiao)線、滑桿(gan)挑(tiao)線、復動(dong)擺桿(gan)挑(tiao)線、旋(xuan)轉挑(tiao)線和齒(chi)輪挑(tiao)線七種(zhong)。

縫紉機的縫合原理是什么

縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機的(de)核心是(shi)線(xian)(xian)圈縫(feng)合系(xi)統，其線(xian)(xian)圈縫(feng)合方法與(yu)普通(tong)手(shou)工縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)差異很大，在(zai)機針(zhen)(zhen)上，針(zhen)(zhen)眼(yan)就在(zai)尖頭的(de)后(hou)面(mian)，而不是(shi)在(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)的(de)尾(wei)端(duan)。縫(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機只需將針(zhen)(zhen)部分穿過織物，針(zhen)(zhen)固定(ding)在(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)桿上，針(zhen)(zhen)桿由(you)電機通(tong)過一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列的(de)齒輪和凸輪牽引做上下運(yun)動(dong)。當(dang)針(zhen)(zhen)的(de)尖端(duan)穿過織物時，它在(zai)一(yi)(yi)面(mian)向另(ling)一(yi)(yi)面(mian)拉出(chu)一(yi)(yi)個小線(xian)(xian)圈。織物下面(mian)的(de)一(yi)(yi)個裝(zhuang)置(zhi)會(hui)抓住(zhu)這個線(xian)(xian)圈，然后(hou)將其包住(zhu)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)根線(xian)(xian)或者同(tong)一(yi)(yi)根線(xian)(xian)的(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個線(xian)(xian)圈。

最簡單的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合是(shi)鏈式縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合，若要縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)出(chu)鏈式縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機會(hui)在線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的后面用(yong)相同(tong)長度的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)打環。織(zhi)物(wu)位于針(zhen)下面的一(yi)(yi)塊金屬(shu)板上(shang)，用(yong)壓(ya)腳固定(ding)(ding)。每次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合開始(shi)時(shi)，針(zhen)穿過織(zhi)物(wu)拉出(chu)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)，而(er)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)做(zuo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置在針(zhen)拉出(chu)前抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)，該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置與針(zhen)同(tong)步運動。一(yi)(yi)旦(dan)針(zhen)拉出(chu)織(zhi)物(wu)，送布牙裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置就會(hui)將織(zhi)物(wu)往前拉。當針(zhen)再次(ci)穿過織(zhi)物(wu)時(shi)，新的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)將直接穿過前一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的中(zhong)間。做(zuo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置會(hui)再次(ci)抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，圍繞下一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)做(zuo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)。這樣，每個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)都會(hui)把下一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)固定(ding)(ding)到位。

鏈(lian)式縫(feng)合的(de)主要(yao)優(you)點是(shi)可以縫(feng)得非常快，但(dan)是(shi)，它(ta)不是(shi)特別地結(jie)實，如(ru)果線的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)松開(kai)，可能整個縫(feng)紉(ren)會全部松脫。大(da)多數縫(feng)紉(ren)機使用一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)更結(jie)實的(de)縫(feng)線，叫做(zuo)鎖(suo)縫(feng)。

鎖縫(feng)裝置最重要(yao)的(de)(de)元件(jian)是擺(bai)梭鉤和(he)線(xian)軸組(zu)件(jian)。線(xian)軸就是放(fang)在(zai)(zai)織(zhi)物(wu)下(xia)面的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)卷線(xian)。它(ta)位于擺(bai)梭的(de)(de)中(zhong)央(yang)，后者在(zai)(zai)電機的(de)(de)帶(dai)動(dong)下(xia)旋轉，與針的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)同步(bu)。與鏈式(shi)縫(feng)合相同，針穿過(guo)織(zhi)物(wu)拉出一(yi)(yi)(yi)個線(xian)圈(quan)，在(zai)(zai)送布牙向前移動(dong)織(zhi)物(wu)的(de)(de)同時它(ta)再次升起(qi)(qi)，然后將另(ling)外一(yi)(yi)(yi)個線(xian)圈(quan)套入。不(bu)過(guo)，這(zhe)種縫(feng)合機制不(bu)是將不(bu)同的(de)(de)線(xian)圈(quan)連接在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)，而(er)是將它(ta)們與從線(xian)軸上松開的(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段線(xian)連接起(qi)(qi)來。

縫紉機的組成部件有哪些

一般縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)都由機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)頭(tou)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)座、傳(chuan)動和附件四部(bu)分組成。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)頭(tou)是縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)主要部(bu)分。它由刺料、鉤線(xian)、挑線(xian)、送料四個機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構和繞線(xian)、壓料、落牙(ya)等輔助機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構組成，各機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構的(de)運動合(he)(he)理地配合(he)(he)，循環工作(zuo)，把縫(feng)料縫(feng)合(he)(he)起(qi)來(lai)。

機(ji)座(zuo)分(fen)為臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)機(ji)箱兩種(zhong)(zhong)形式(shi)。臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)機(ji)座(zuo)的(de)(de)臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)起(qi)(qi)著支承(cheng)機(ji)頭的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，縫紉操作(zuo)(zuo)時當作(zuo)(zuo)工作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)用(yong)。臺(tai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)有(you)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)樣，有(you)一斗或多(duo)斗摺藏(zang)式(shi)、柜式(shi)、寫字臺(tai)式(shi)等。機(ji)箱式(shi)機(ji)座(zuo)的(de)(de)機(ji)箱起(qi)(qi)著支承(cheng)和(he)貯藏(zang)機(ji)頭的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，使縫紉機(ji)便于攜帶和(he)保(bao)管。

縫紉機的傳動部分由(you)機(ji)(ji)架、手(shou)搖器(qi)(qi)或電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)等部件(jian)構成。機(ji)(ji)架是機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)的支柱，支承著臺板(ban)和(he)腳(jiao)踏(ta)板(ban)。使(shi)用時操作(zuo)者踩動腳(jiao)踏(ta)板(ban)，通(tong)過曲柄帶動皮帶輪的旋轉，又通(tong)過皮帶帶動機(ji)(ji)頭(tou)(tou)旋轉。手(shou)搖器(qi)(qi)或電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)多數直接裝(zhuang)在機(ji)(ji)頭(tou)(tou)上。

縫紉機的附件包括機針(zhen)、梭心、螺絲刀、油壺等(deng)。