【UPS參(can)數】UPS不(bu)間斷電源參(can)數 UPS不(bu)間斷電源的組(zu)成結構(gou)

UPS的作用

UPS具有以下幾項基本功能：

1. 電(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)正(zheng)常時，市(shi)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)通過UPS穩壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)(hou)供應給負載使(shi)用，性能好(hao)的UPS本(ben)身(shen)就是良好(hao)的交流穩壓(ya)(ya)器，同(tong)時改善電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)質(zhi)量；同(tong)時它(ta)還對機內的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，儲存(cun)后(hou)(hou)備能量。

2. 電(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)異(yi)常(chang)時（欠(qian)壓(ya)、過壓(ya)、掉電(dian)(dian)、干擾等）UPS的(de)(de)逆變器將電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉換為交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)能(neng)維(wei)持對負載的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)。

3. UPS在電網(wang)供(gong)電和電池(chi)供(gong)電之間(jian)自(zi)行切換(huan)，確保對負載的不間(jian)斷供(gong)電。而且可以根據設備(bei)的精(jing)密程度來選擇可承(cheng)受的切換(huan)時間(jian)。

UPS的分類

UPS已從(cong)60 年代的(de)(de)(de)旋轉(zhuan)發電機發展(zhan)至今(jin)天的(de)(de)(de)具有(you)智能化(hua)程度的(de)(de)(de)靜止式(shi)全(quan)電子化(hua)電路，并(bing)且還在繼(ji)續發展(zhan)。主流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)UPS廠商有(you)APC、山特等(deng)，都提供各種級別的(de)(de)(de)UPS滿足不(bu)同用(yong)戶群的(de)(de)(de)需要。

目前，UPS一般均指(zhi)靜止(zhi)式(shi)(shi)UPS，按其(qi)工作方式(shi)(shi)分類可分為后備式(shi)(shi)、在線互動(dong)式(shi)(shi)及在線式(shi)(shi)三大類。

1. 后備式UPS：在市電(dian)(dian)正常時直接由市電(dian)(dian)向負載供(gong)電(dian)(dian)，當(dang)市電(dian)(dian)超出其工(gong)作范圍或停電(dian)(dian)時，通過轉換開關(guan)轉為電(dian)(dian)池逆變供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。其特點是：結(jie)構簡單(dan)，體(ti)積小(xiao)，成本(ben)低，但輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)壓范圍窄，輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓穩定精度差，有(you)切換時間，且輸(shu)出波形(xing)一般為方波。

2. 在(zai)線互動式UPS：在(zai)市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)常時(shi)(shi)直接由市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向(xiang)負載供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偏低(di)或偏高(gao)時(shi)(shi)，通(tong)(tong)過UPS內部穩壓線路穩壓后(hou)輸(shu)出，當市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)異常或停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，通(tong)(tong)過轉換開關轉為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池逆變(bian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。其特點(dian)是：有較寬的(de)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓范圍，噪(zao)音低(di)，體(ti)積小等特點(dian)，但同樣存在(zai)切換時(shi)(shi)間。

3. 在(zai)(zai)(zai)線式(shi)UPS：在(zai)(zai)(zai)市電(dian)(dian)正常時，由(you)市電(dian)(dian)進行整流(liu)提供直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓給逆變(bian)器(qi)工(gong)作，由(you)逆變(bian)器(qi)向(xiang)負載提供交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)市電(dian)(dian)異常時，逆變(bian)器(qi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)池提供能量，逆變(bian)器(qi)始終處于(yu)工(gong)作狀態，保證(zheng)無間斷輸出。其特點是，有極寬的輸入電(dian)(dian)壓范(fan)圍，無切換時間且(qie)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓穩(wen)定(ding)精度高(gao)，特別適合對(dui)電(dian)(dian)源要求(qiu)較高(gao)的場合，但(dan)是成本較高(gao)。目前，功率大于(yu)3KVA的UPS幾乎都是在(zai)(zai)(zai)線式(shi)UPS。

UPS按照輸(shu)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)小劃分為(wei)小容(rong)量(liang)3KVA以下，中(zhong)小容(rong)量(liang)3KVA~10KVA，中(zhong)大(da)容(rong)量(liang)10KVA以上。UPS按輸(shu)入(ru)/輸(shu)出(chu)方式可分為(wei)三(san)類(lei)：單相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)/單相(xiang)輸(shu)出(chu)、三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)/單相(xiang)輸(shu)出(chu)、三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)/三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)出(chu)。對于(yu)用(yong)戶(hu)來說，三(san)相(xiang)供電(dian)(dian)其(qi)市(shi)電(dian)(dian)配電(dian)(dian)和負載配電(dian)(dian)容(rong)易，每一(yi)相(xiang)都承當(dang)一(yi)部(bu)分負載電(dian)(dian)流，因而中(zhong)、大(da)功率UPS多采(cai)用(yong)三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)/單相(xiang)輸(shu)出(chu)或三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)入(ru)/三(san)相(xiang)輸(shu)出(chu)的供電(dian)(dian)方式。

多方面分析UPS

從原理上來說，UPS是一種(zhong)集數字和模(mo)擬(ni)電(dian)路，自(zi)動(dong)控制逆變(bian)器與(yu)免維護貯(zhu)能(neng)裝置(zhi)于一體的(de)電(dian)力電(dian)子設備；

從功能上來說，UPS可以(yi)(yi)在市(shi)電(dian)出現(xian)異常時，有效(xiao)地凈化市(shi)電(dian)；還(huan)可以(yi)(yi)在市(shi)電(dian)突然中斷時持續一(yi)定時間給電(dian)腦等設備供電(dian)，使你能有充(chong)裕(yu)的時間應付(fu)；

從用途上來(lai)說，隨著(zhu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)社會的來(lai)臨，UPS廣泛地應(ying)用于從信(xin)息(xi)(xi)采集(ji)、傳送、處理、儲存(cun)到(dao)應(ying)用的各個環節(jie)，其重要性是隨著(zhu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)應(ying)用重要性的日(ri)益提(ti)高而增加的。

從基本(ben)應用原理(li)上講，UPS是(shi)一種含有儲能裝置，以逆變器為主(zhu)要元件，穩壓(ya)穩頻輸出的電(dian)源保(bao)護(hu)設備。主(zhu)要由整流器、蓄電(dian)池、逆變器和靜態開關等幾部分組成。