千斤頂分類
1、齒條千斤頂
由人力通過(guo)杠桿和齒(chi)輪帶動(dong)齒(chi)條頂舉重(zhong)物。起重(zhong)量一般(ban)不超(chao)過(guo)20噸,可長期支持重(zhong)物,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用在作業條件不方便的地方或需要(yao)(yao)利用下部的托爪(zhua)提升(sheng)重(zhong)物的場合(he),如鐵路起軌作業。
2、螺旋千斤頂
由人力通(tong)過螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)副傳動(dong),螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿或(huo)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)母套(tao)筒作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為頂舉件。普通(tong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂靠螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)自鎖作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用支持重(zhong)物,構造(zao)簡單(dan),但傳動(dong)效(xiao)率低,返程慢(man)。自降螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)無自鎖作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用,但裝(zhuang)有制動(dong)器。放松制動(dong)器,重(zhong)物即(ji)可(ke)自行(xing)快速下(xia)降,縮短返程時間(jian),但這種千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂構造(zao)較復雜(za)。螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)千(qian)(qian)斤(jin)頂能長期支持重(zhong)物,最大(da)起重(zhong)量(liang)已達100噸,應用較廣。下(xia)部裝(zhuang)上水平螺(luo)(luo)(luo)桿后,還(huan)能使重(zhong)物做小距離橫(heng)移。
3、液壓千斤頂
由人力或(huo)電力驅動液(ye)壓(ya)泵,通過液(ye)壓(ya)系統傳動,用(yong)(yong)(yong)缸(gang)(gang)體(ti)或(huo)活(huo)塞作(zuo)為(wei)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)舉件。液(ye)壓(ya)千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)整(zheng)體(ti)式(shi)(shi)和分離式(shi)(shi)。整(zheng)體(ti)式(shi)(shi)的(de)泵與液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)(gang)聯成一體(ti);分離式(shi)(shi)的(de)泵與液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)(gang)分離,中間用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)壓(ya)軟管相聯。液(ye)壓(ya)千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)結構(gou)緊湊,能平穩頂(ding)(ding)(ding)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重物,起重量(liang)最大(da)達(da)1000噸,行(xing)程1米,傳動效率較(jiao)高(gao),故應用(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)廣;但易漏(lou)油,不(bu)宜(yi)長期支持(chi)重物。 如長期支撐(cheng)需選用(yong)(yong)(yong)自鎖千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding),螺(luo)旋千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)和液(ye)壓(ya)千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)進一步降低外形高(gao)度或(huo)增(zeng)大(da)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)舉距離,可(ke)(ke)做成多級伸縮(suo)式(shi)(shi)。 液(ye)壓(ya)千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)除上述基本型式(shi)(shi)外,按同樣原理(li)可(ke)(ke)改裝成滑升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)模(mo)板千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)、液(ye)壓(ya)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降臺、張拉(la)機(ji)等(deng),用(yong)(yong)(yong)于各種特殊施工場合(he)。
4、氣囊式氣動千斤頂
氣動(dong)千斤(jin)頂(ding),全稱叫做氣囊式(shi)氣動(dong)千斤(jin)頂(ding),一般由3層(ceng)、兩層(ceng)或者單層(ceng)氣囊組成(cheng),主要工(gong)作原理(li)(li)是(shi)利用5-8KG壓(ya)(ya)力空壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)充氣,將車頂(ding)起(qi)。氣動(dong)液壓(ya)(ya)千斤(jin)頂(ding)產品是(shi)利用壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣體作為(wei)動(dong)力,液體增壓(ya)(ya)與伸縮(suo)式(shi)液壓(ya)(ya)缸組合而(er)成(cheng)的一種(zhong)新型舉升設備,它具有設計精巧、體積小、重量輕、易(yi)操作、省時、省力、舉升噸位大等特點,廣泛用于流動(dong)性起(qi)重,特別適用于汽車、拖拉機(ji)等交通運輸業的修(xiu)理(li)(li)行業。
5、剪式千斤頂
剪式千斤頂又叫支架千斤頂,使用輕便快捷,是國內各大汽車廠隨車產品。其(qi)由(you)金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)(ban)材制成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)和下支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng),工作原理各有(you)不同(tong)。上(shang)支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)截面(mian)與下支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)在齒(chi)(chi)部及其(qi)附近部分的(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)截面(mian)是一邊開口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)矩形,開口(kou)兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)(ban)向內彎折(zhe)。上(shang)支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)和下支桿(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)是由(you)開口(kou)兩(liang)邊彎折(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)(ban)上(shang)制成(cheng)(cheng),齒(chi)(chi)寬大于(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)板(ban)(ban)厚。