汕尾白(bai)沙中學(xue)(xue)在(zai)田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)鎮田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)圩(wei)"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)"及(ji)后(hou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)教(jiao)堂。1925年(nian),該址曾(ceng)是田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)區農會(hui)。1927年(nian)海陸豐蘇維(wei)埃(ai)政權(quan)時(shi)期(qi),田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)區蘇維(wei)埃(ai)政府也(ye)設(she)此處辦公(gong),把墻(qiang)壁涂上(shang)紅(hong)(hong)色(se),故(gu)稱"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)"。1940年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰爭時(shi)期(qi),國共兩(liang)黨合作(zuo)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri),組成(cheng)一(yi)支(zhi)"抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合作(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)"。1940年(nian)至1942年(nian),抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合作(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)一(yi)個營(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部隊常駐扎在(zai)這(zhe)里,部隊由(you)該營(ying)營(ying)長(chang)朱(zhu)(zhu)金銘(ming)帶領。1942年(nian)農歷八(ba)月初(chu)一(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)凌晨,由(you)于(yu)漢奸告密,駐扎"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)官(guan)兵突遭日(ri)(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)包圍襲擊。抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合作(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)奮起抗(kang)(kang)擊,在(zai)突圍中,營(ying)長(chang)朱(zhu)(zhu)金銘(ming)等81位指揮員中彈犧牲,只有(you)部分官(guan)兵沖(chong)出重圍,安全(quan)轉(zhuan)移(yi)。這(zhe)就是抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰爭時(shi)期(qi)震驚東江地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)事件"。舊址由(you)"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)"及(ji)后(hou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)教(jiao)堂二座建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)組成(cheng)。前面(mian)(mian)(mian)是紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou),坐西向東,為中西合璧式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)105.84平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。中間(jian)是內院(yuan),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)80.6平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。后(hou)座占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)110.88平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。皆為兩(liang)層建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。左右兩(liang)邊是廂房,與正(zheng)(zheng)座各(ge)(ge)隔開1.5米(mi)(mi)寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)通道。左廂房通面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬15米(mi)(mi),進深(shen)(shen)6.5米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)92.5平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。右廂房通面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬21.1米(mi)(mi),進深(shen)(shen)6.5米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)137.15平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。皆為兩(liang)層建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。正(zheng)(zheng)座的(de)(de)(de)(de)左后(hou)側(ce)還(huan)有(you)一(yi)座兩(liang)層中西合璧式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬3間(jian)11.2米(mi)(mi),進深(shen)(shen)7米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)78.4平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)總(zong)(zong)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)為659.56平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi),總(zong)(zong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)為1069.54平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。均為鋼筋混凝土結(jie)構。"紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)"建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)1919年(nian),原是田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)知名(ming)人士(shi)游(you)子干先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)倡議、籌款(kuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)學(xue)(xue)校。游(you)子干先(xian)(xian)生(sheng),清宣統年(nian)間(jian)補廩生(sheng)出身,民國初(chu)年(nian)曾(ceng)任紫金縣縣長(chang),為政公(gong)正(zheng)(zheng)廉潔。后(hou)回田(tian)(tian)墘(qi)故(gu)里,發現故(gu)鄉(xiang)尚無(wu)學(xue)(xue)校,百(bai)姓子弟(di)無(wu)以求學(xue)(xue),故(gu)親自倡議,發動(dong)各(ge)(ge)界(jie)人士(shi)捐款(kuan)辦學(xue)(xue)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)校。當(dang)時(shi),富有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是當(dang)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽場(chang)主(zhu),游(you)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)曾(ceng)發動(dong)廣大鹽工罷(ba)工,逼使(shi)鹽場(chang)主(zhu)捐出大量資金,遂于(yu)1919年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)。紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)與后(hou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)教(jiao)堂相距(ju)只3.6米(mi)(mi)。教(jiao)堂建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)1916年(nian),坐南向北(bei),面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬6.8米(mi)(mi),進深(shen)(shen)17米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)115.6平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。仿(fang)西式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),為鋼筋混凝土結(jie)構。至今該址墻(qiang)壁上(shang)還(huan)保留著當(dang)年(nian)合作(zuo)軍(jun)(jun)進步官(guan)兵書寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)語。
說起(qi)紅(hong)樓,就自然想到(dao)五四運動的發源地(di)—北京大(da)學的紅(hong)樓和(he)北京師范大(da)學的小紅(hong)樓,那(nei)(nei)里住著鼎(ding)鼎(ding)大(da)名的啟功(gong)和(he)已故的鐘敬文兩位大(da)師。但還有(you)一處也叫(jiao)紅(hong)樓的地(di)方,那(nei)(nei)就是位于汕(shan)尾紅(hong)海(hai)灣開(kai)發區田(tian)乾的紅(hong)樓。
田(tian)乾這一(yi)紅(hong)樓的(de)出名(ming)是在1941年9月20日(ri)發生(sheng)的(de)國民(min)黨(dang)部隊158師(shi)472團(tuan)朱金銘營長(chang)率部194人進駐于(yu)此,并在晚與(yu)駐在汕尾的(de)前來圍剿的(de)日(ri)軍(jun)發生(sheng)戰斗(dou)的(de)地方(fang)。由于(yu)在日(ri)軍(jun)瘋狂的(de)圍剿下,朱營長(chang)率部突圍和抵抗。是役犧牲了朱營長(chang)以(yi)下的(de)官兵81名(ming),被俘42名(ming),陣亡(wang)(wang)戰馬一(yi)匹。自(zi)此,紅(hong)樓便(bian)與(yu)田(tian)乾人民(min)結下了深(shen)厚(hou)感情。每(mei)當到這一(yi)時間,田(tian)乾人民(min)便(bian)會自(zi)覺去憑吊陣亡(wang)(wang)的(de)壯(zhuang)士。
紅(hong)樓的由來是(shi)在(zai)1927年,中共(gong)海豐縣委(wei)(wei)第(di)七區委(wei)(wei)員會在(zai)此設立,當(dang)時為(wei)了(le)革命的需要。就將整幢(chuang)占地600多平方(fang)米(mi)的三間二層仿西洋混凝土結構的樓房外墻(qiang),全(quan)粉刷為(wei)紅(hong)色,喻意著(zhu)紅(hong)色的革命,故人們便把這幢(chuang)原為(wei)白(bai)沙中學堂的校舍,改稱為(wei)“紅(hong)樓”。于是(shi),紅(hong)樓之名便在(zai)田乾(qian)人民(min)叫開(kai)了(le)。
紅(hong)樓不僅是我(wo)地(di)(di)下(xia)黨利(li)(li)用(yong)教(jiao)師身(shen)份從(cong)(cong)事地(di)(di)下(xia)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)地(di)(di)方(fang),也是傳播馬克思(si)主義等(deng)先進文化的(de)重要場所。據史載,在第(di)一、二次國內革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)期間(jian),我(wo)黨地(di)(di)下(xia)工作者李(li)勞工、楊小岳、劉(liu)錦漢、顏漢章、梁覺群等(deng)都(dou)在此從(cong)(cong)事過革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)活(huo)動(dong);抗日戰(zhan)爭(zheng)期間(jian),七區(qu)區(qu)委書(shu)記(ji)林洪和(he)其夫人陳(chen)騰英、以及繼(ji)任書(shu)記(ji)許昌志(zhi)、時任校長的(de)李(li)中和(he)進步教(jiao)師李(li)波、游(you)樹勛(xun)等(deng),都(dou)以此為掩護下(xia)從(cong)(cong)事地(di)(di)下(xia)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)活(huo)動(dong),并在學(xue)校教(jiao)唱(chang)《義勇軍進行曲(qu)》、學(xue)習《論持久(jiu)戰(zhan)》、編(bian)排獨幕話劇《放下(xia)你的(de)鞭子》等(deng)。抗日勝利(li)(li)后,七區(qu)負責人余葉(xie)和(he)白(bai)中教(jiao)師、地(di)(di)下(xia)黨員陳(chen)高(gao)、馬思(si)周等(deng)還利(li)(li)用(yong)讀書(shu)會(hui)的(de)形式,組織進步師生學(xue)習《延(yan)安整風》、彩排《白(bai)毛女(nv)》和(he)演唱(chang)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)歌曲(qu)《古城頌(song)(延(yan)安頌(song))》。
一(yi)九二八年春(chun),農(nong)軍獨(du)立營(縮編)營長(chang)黃強(qiang)率(lv)部與七(qi)區赤區隊曾漢英率(lv)領的(de)隊員在(zai)此會(hui)師。并在(zai)墻壁上的(de)寫(xie)下“兵士本(ben)身是(shi)工(gong)農(nong)”,“兵士是(shi)工(gong)農(nong)化身”等用漆油寫(xie)成的(de)標語。這些(xie)標語到(dao)了(le)改革開放前,由(you)于墻體受(shou)侵蝕,而逐漸剝落。
在土地改(gai)革時期,彭湃的(de)戰友陳(chen)修、陳(chen)魁亞等(deng)(deng)趁彭湃掌握海豐縣的(de)教育(yu)大權,在白中的(de)教學中滲進(jin)革命思想教育(yu),使(shi)該校培養了(le)(le)一大批進(jin)步學生,莊啟錫(xi)等(deng)(deng)先后參加了(le)(le)革命。并(bing)于1925年,楊小岳利用教工會特派員(yuan)的(de)身(shen)份和師(shi)生劉攬、陳(chen)榮棠(tang)等(deng)(deng)秘密建立了(le)(le)地下黨團組織(zhi)。
紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou),這座始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于一(yi)九一(yi)五年(nian)的(de)(de)仿西洋(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑、原是(shi)同(tong)盟會(hui)員(yuan)、紫金縣(xian)長游子(zi)干發起籌(chou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)校舍,想不到竟與紅(hong)(hong)色革(ge)命(ming)結(jie)下了深(shen)厚(hou)的(de)(de)緣份(fen),并(bing)且培養(yang)出我國(guo)核潛艇(ting)之(zhi)父—黃旭華,這些都(dou)是(shi)發起人(ren)都(dou)始(shi)料不及的(de)(de)。這座在(zai)一(yi)九六(liu)五年(nian)被(bei)海(hai)豐縣(xian)人(ren)民政府頒布為縣(xian)級(ji)文物保護單位,在(zai)歷(li)往四十年(nian)的(de)(de)雨后,又在(zai)二(er)OO四年(nian)歲未被(bei)汕尾(wei)市(shi)授(shou)予愛國(guo)主義教育基地(di).;它并(bing)不是(shi)那簡介所(suo)說的(de)(de)是(shi)“沿(yan)海(hai)地(di)區新文化運動的(de)(de)陣地(di)”和“革(ge)命(ming)圣地(di)—紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)”,這些有桲于紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)之(zhi)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)事實,過份(fen)夸大(da)紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用和所(suo)處的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)地(di)位,不僅(jin)僅(jin)會(hui)誤導(dao)著后人(ren),也會(hui)給后人(ren)帶來不尊重歷(li)史(shi)(shi)史(shi)(shi)實的(de)(de)影響。我相信紅(hong)(hong)樓(lou)這一(yi)革(ge)命(ming)事跡(ji)將以真(zhen)實的(de)(de)史(shi)(shi)實永遠激勵著后人(ren)…...