簡介
凌云(yun)山旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)景(jing)區位于四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)新五大精品旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)區——嘉陵江(jiang)文化生(sheng)態旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)區內,景(jing)區幅員面積20平方公(gong)里,以靈、奇、秀聞(wen)名,2006年以來,先后獲得“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)地(di)質公(gong)園”、“國家森(sen)林公(gong)園”、“國家級AAAA旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)景(jing)區”稱號(hao)。
南(nan)充(chong)凌(ling)云山(shan)國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園及4A景區(qu)(qu)是南(nan)充(chong)市第一(yi)個國家(jia)級森(sen)林(lin)公園。凌(ling)云山(shan)景區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)20平方公里,由(you)凌(ling)云山(shan)道教文(wen)化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)(qu)、白(bai)山(shan)佛(fo)教文(wen)化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)(qu)、圖山(shan)儒(ru)家(jia)文(wen)化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)(qu)三大部分組成(cheng)。
規劃
2009年4月9日(ri),省(sheng)林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)廳在成(cheng)都主持召開了《四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)凌云山國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園總體規劃(hua)》評審(shen)會,參加評審(shen)的有四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)大學、四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)大學、成(cheng)都理工(gong)大學、四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)生態學會、四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)旅游(you)規劃(hua)設計研究院、四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科學研究院、四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)調查規劃(hua)院、南(nan)充市林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)局、高(gao)坪(ping)區人民(min)政府、高(gao)坪(ping)區林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)局等單(dan)位的專家(jia)和領(ling)導。經過認真審(shen)議,評審(shen)組一致通過《四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)凌云山國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園總體規劃(hua)》。
地理
地理坐標和四界范圍。
(一)凌云山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、白山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)片區,面積816.13公頃。地(di)理坐標(biao):東經(jing)106°10′44〞—106°13′38〞,北緯 30°44′04〞—30°46′14〞。四界范圍:牛屎坡(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)王連(lian)溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))王連(lian)溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)譚家溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))譚家溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)宋家溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))李(li)子(zi)灣(wan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)挓(zha)(zha)口巖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))挓(zha)(zha)口巖(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)挓(zha)(zha)口巖陡(dou)崖(ya)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))佛兒門(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)佛兒門陡(dou)崖(ya)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))鳳凰灣(wan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)大石(shi)(shi)凸陡(dou)崖(ya)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))大石(shi)(shi)凸(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)大石(shi)(shi)凸陡(dou)崖(ya)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))馬(ma)巖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)馬(ma)巖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))自生門(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)自生門山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))檬(meng)子(zi)橋(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)陸家灣(wan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))秦(qin)家溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)許家壩山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))龍家灣(wan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)唐家灣(wan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))六角(jiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)六角(jiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))白山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)水庫(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)肖(xiao)家灣(wan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))牛屎坡。
(二)橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)片區,面積(ji)300.27公頃。地理坐標(biao):東經(jing)106°16′22〞—106°18′13〞,北緯(wei)30°44′09〞—30°45′54〞。四(si)界范(fan)圍:滿(man)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(滿(man)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))張(zhang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)張(zhang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)陡崖林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))夜門溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)二家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)寺(si)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))干(gan)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)子(zi)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)向(xiang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))爛(lan)板橋(qiao)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)彭祖壩(ba)(ba)(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))水缺(que)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)蒲家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))劉家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)院子(zi)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))丘家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)坡(po)(po)(po)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)丘家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)坡(po)(po)(po)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))楊家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)二家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))韓坡(po)(po)(po)嶺(ling)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)韓坡(po)(po)(po)嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊至(zhi)(zhi))神院寺(si)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廖家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)埡(wu)口陡崖林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))廖家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)埡(wu)口(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊至(zhi)(zhi))橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊至(zhi)(zhi))雙黃桷樹(shu)埡(wu)口(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)橫達(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊至(zhi)(zhi))吳(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)溝(gou)(沿(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)吳(wu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)溝(gou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)林(lin)(lin)緣(yuan)(yuan)至(zhi)(zhi))滿(man)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)。
自然環境
距南(nan)充市18公里,位于(yu)高(gao)坪區(qu)老(lao)君鎮(zhen)境內(nei),海(hai)拔562.6米,有(you)左青龍(long)、右白虎、前朱雀、后懸壺之獨(du)特(te)地貌,山勢連綿(mian),林(lin)木參天,具有(you)“雄、奇、險、幽(you)”四大(da)特(te)色。
山頂(ding)凌云古剎(cha)始建(jian)于漢(han)末(mo),現存真武宮(gong)為清道光年間重建(jian),有(you)遇(yu)仙(xian)嶺、降魔臺(tai)、老君洞、老龍洞、望夫崖、舍身崖、將軍墳等自然(ran)奇觀,享有(you)“果郡靈山”之美譽。
凌(ling)(ling)云(yun)山(shan)景區(qu)面(mian)積20平方公里,由(you)凌(ling)(ling)云(yun)山(shan)道(dao)教文化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)、白山(shan)佛教文化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)、圖山(shan)儒(ru)家文化(hua)游(you)覽(lan)區(qu)三大部(bu)分組(zu)成。
資源條件
凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)城東的岷江(jiang)(jiang)、青(qing)衣江(jiang)(jiang)、大渡河三江(jiang)(jiang)匯合處(chu),與樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)城一水之隔。因山(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)集風(feng)、棲鸞、望(wang)云(yun)、就日、丹霞、擁翠、兌悅(yue)、祝融(rong)、靈寶九峰(feng)(feng),人(ren)稱(cheng)“小九嶷”,通常(chang)人(ren)們也稱(cheng)作九峰(feng)(feng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、九頂山(shan)(shan)(shan),后因山(shan)(shan)(shan)中修建凌(ling)云(yun)寺(si)而更名(ming)凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)遙峙峨眉,俯臨三江(jiang)(jiang),峰(feng)(feng)巒疊嶂,山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)錯(cuo)落,九峰(feng)(feng)崢嶸,氣勢(shi)磅礴。
山(shan)上茂林修竹終年蔥(cong)蘢,丹崖(ya)峭(qiao)壁四(si)時秀色可掬(ju)。山(shan)下三江會(hui)聚(ju),碧(bi)浪滔滔,游船破浪,水光(guang)接天,屹然(ran)一(yi)副天然(ran)畫(hua)卷(juan),自古有西南山(shan)水之冠(guan)的(de)美(mei)譽(yu),為歷代文人墨客所詠贊。
不僅如此,凌云山文(wen)物古(gu)跡豐富,民間故事傳(chuan)奇紛紜,加上(shang)世界(jie)第一的石刻彌勒大佛倚崖而坐,還有寺宇(yu)輝煌的凌云古(gu)剎、蘇東坡讀書樓、宋(song)代治(zhi)易洞、明代注(zhu)易洞,以及(ji)海師洞、靈寶塔、碑林(lin)、月榭、宋(song)代九頂(ding)城遺址等名勝景點,使凌云景色在名山大川中(zhong)獨具一格,自唐(tang)宋(song)以來已成為游覽勝地(di)。
特色景觀
凌(ling)云山(shan)(shan)風景區以(yi)凌(ling)云山(shan)(shan)道(dao)(dao)教城(cheng)(cheng)、白山(shan)(shan)佛(fo)(fo)教城(cheng)(cheng)、圖(tu)山(shan)(shan)儒家文化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)心(xin)為(wei)主體,方圓近20平方公里(li)。從凌(ling)云山(shan)(shan)所(suo)處(chu)鄉鎮(zhen)之(zhi)名(ming)即可(ke)窺(kui)見當(dang)年盛跡:老君(jun)鎮(zhen)——道(dao)(dao)家始(shi)祖李(li)耳又名(ming)李(li)老君(jun);青(qing)蓮鎮(zhen)——鄉鎮(zhen)形如觀音坐化(hua)(hua)蓮花寶座;小佛(fo)(fo)鄉——山(shan)(shan)是一尊佛(fo)(fo),佛(fo)(fo)像布滿鄉;萬家鄉——萬盞(zhan)圣燈(deng)朝凌(ling)云。
凌云天下(xia)靈(ling),在乎(hu)她的風水地(di)理、山形地(di)貌、宮觀寺廟、石刻(ke)藝術(shu)以及良好的自然生態。
凌云山三清殿:
三(san)清(qing)(qing)殿是道教(jiao)標(biao)志性建(jian)筑(zhu),因內塑(su)(su)有(you)道家三(san)清(qing)(qing)真人(ren)而(er)得名(ming)。原(yuan)殿初建(jian)時間不可考,明(ming)清(qing)(qing)均有(you)修(xiu)繕記載,解放初建(jian)老君學校(xiao)、政府時拆(chai)毀,現(xian)大殿為2001年舊(jiu)址重修(xiu)建(jian)筑(zhu),建(jian)筑(zhu)面積約6000平(ping)方米(mi)。大門為云(yun)南雙(shuang)層雕花(hua)鏤空(kong)青蘋(pin)木;前殿正(zheng)中(zhong)塑(su)(su)有(you)高9米(mi)的(de)(de)上清(qing)(qing)靈寶天真、玉清(qing)(qing)元始天真、太清(qing)(qing)道德天真,左右各塑(su)(su)有(you)高5米(mi)的(de)(de) 12金仙,殿內壁畫、壁飾(shi)均為道家經典故(gu)事、文化(hua)背景圖案(an);后殿塑(su)(su)有(you)高5米(mi)的(de)(de)后三(san)清(qing)(qing)真人(ren)塑(su)(su)像,神態(tai)各異,栩栩如(ru)生(sheng)。三(san)清(qing)(qing)殿右側湖(hu)面聳立的(de)(de)一(yi)塊巨石上刻有(you)明(ming)朝太極(ji)宗師張三(san)豐游凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)所詠(yong)詩(shi)句:蜀山(shan)靈秀屬凌(ling)云(yun),水木清(qing)(qing)華遠俗(su)氛。九鼎(ding)煙中(zhong)鸞鳳嘯(xiao),仙音(yin)不與世間聞。由此(ci)可見(jian)凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)當年的(de)(de)極(ji)盛地位。
凌(ling)云山天然睡佛:
遙(yao)望凌云山白山、馬(ma)巖(yan)(yan)山方(fang)(fang)向,我們看到的是由(you)山脊綿延而成(cheng)(cheng)的兩尊天然睡(shui)佛(fo),白山睡(shui)佛(fo)長約2公里,馬(ma)巖(yan)(yan)山睡(shui)佛(fo)長約1.5公里,逶(wei)迤相連,面北腳南,相傳為佛(fo)陀顯化而成(cheng)(cheng),方(fang)(fang)位與釋伽佛(fo)祖當年圓寂方(fang)(fang)向一致(zhi)。比之(zhi)樂山睡(shui)佛(fo),更為神(shen)態(tai)安祥,渾然天成(cheng)(cheng)。更為神(shen)奇的是,唐宋以來,高僧大德(de)便(bian)在兩睡(shui)佛(fo)頭部建(jian)有(you)廟宇參禪悟道。
凌云山四相五行(xing):
像負(fu)重(zhong)前行的(de)烏(wu)龜(gui)(gui),這龜(gui)(gui)紋、龜(gui)(gui)頭、龜(gui)(gui)眼、龜(gui)(gui)背(bei)、鱗甲斑(ban)斑(ban),壽紋清晰,與象征長壽、吉祥的(de)烏(wu)龜(gui)(gui)酷似。看,龜(gui)(gui)背(bei)中間還有溝槽、水泥填補的(de)洞(dong)穴,這就是九十年代初山(shan)民欲(yu)開采此(ci)石建屋,放炮炸石留下的(de),當(dang)時(shi)竟奇妙的(de)全(quan)成了啞炮,才留下了今天我們看到的(de)龜(gui)(gui)石,夠神奇的(de)吧!
打子洞系大明弘治十四(si)年(1501年)所鑿的(de)(de)一座和尚墓(mu)窟,是靈龜(gui)的(de)(de)頭(tou)部(bu),真武(wu)官(guan)就(jiu)在(zai)靈龜(gui)的(de)(de)背部(bu),上山(shan)公路左側兩座山(shan)梁就(jiu)是靈龜(gui)奮(fen)力向前(qian)(qian)蹬(deng)起的(de)(de)后腿,因此(ci)這(zhe)座山(shan)就(jiu)叫玄(xuan)武(wu)山(shan)。前(qian)(qian)面左側山(shan)是青龍(long)(long)山(shan),整(zheng)座山(shan)最(zui)長處330米,最(zui)寬處33米,四(si)周懸崖峭壁,形如一條(tiao)向靈龜(gui)朝拜的(de)(de)青龍(long)(long)。山(shan)中多巨石,有(you)(you)的(de)(de)像盤(pan)龍(long)(long)、有(you)(you)的(de)(de)像臥(wo)龍(long)(long)、有(you)(you)的(de)(de)像龍(long)(long)吐(tu)須,千態萬狀(zhuang),準妙惟(wei)肖,也暗(an)含著三月三朝凌云(yun)山(shan)的(de)(de)玄(xuan)機。前(qian)(qian)面右側山(shan)就(jiu)是白虎山(shan),在(zai)虎山(shan)下前(qian)(qian)方觀看,但見一尊(zun)臥(wo)虎雄踞(ju)于莽(mang)莽(mang)蒼蒼的(de)(de)松林之中,一陣松風(feng)吹(chui)來,猶如虎嘯聲(sheng)聲(sheng)。前(qian)(qian)面正前(qian)(qian)方就(jiu)是朱雀(que)山(shan),全(quan)山(shan)長約2公里(li),山(shan)形如大鵬居(ju)高(gao)臨下,雄視(shi)遠山(shan),有(you)(you)展翅欲飛之勢。
研究(jiu)風(feng)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專家學(xue)(xue)者說(shuo),凌云山(shan)其山(shan)形(xing)地(di)貌為(wei)(wei)(wei)左青龍、右白虎、前朱(zhu)雀、后(hou)玄武(wu),四(si)(si)相(xiang)俱(ju)全(quan)(中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國古(gu)代地(di)理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)青龍、白虎、朱(zhu)雀、玄武(wu)俱(ju)全(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)風(feng)水(shui)寶地(di))。西華師(shi)范大學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)授(shou)王明元考察(cha)凌云山(shan)后(hou),著(zhu)文《天下風(feng)水(shui)第一景觀》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說(shuo):以古(gu)代地(di)理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)堪(kan)輿(yu)(yu)術(shu)而(er)論,凌云山(shan)有(you)騰龍臥虎之(zhi)(zhi)雄,朱(zhu)雀玄武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)俏,對稱適度(du),各(ge)居(ju)本位。數千年來理(li)(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)水(shui)模(mo)式,竟是(shi)眼(yan)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現實,更妙還(huan)在(zai)四(si)(si)相(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心以聚(ju)氣(qi)(三(san)清(qing)殿(dian)前300米處有(you)五行(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央后(hou)土無極能量場(chang),是(shi)四(si)(si)相(xiang)五行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心部位,在(zai)這里向(xiang)四(si)(si)周喊話都有(you)回音,在(zai)四(si)(si)周沒有(you)高山(shan)深谷(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)地(di),有(you)此(ci)奇妙現象(xiang),極為(wei)(wei)(wei)罕(han)(han)見,現準備建天籟八卦臺),自(zi)然合四(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一,化一為(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si),令人(ren)驚嘆!四(si)(si)川師(shi)范大學(xue)(xue)教(jiao)授(shou)馬正平(ping)、李曉(xiao)波說(shuo):以前研究(jiu)風(feng)水(shui)學(xue)(xue)以四(si)(si)相(xiang)五行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)最理(li)(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)水(shui)模(mo)式,但都是(shi)傳說(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),抽象(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),理(li)(li)想中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),書本中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),今(jin)天看(kan)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凌云山(shan)四(si)(si)相(xiang)五行(xing)是(shi)形(xing)神兼(jian)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),將(jiang)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)大專院校研究(jiu)東方建筑風(feng)水(shui)學(xue)(xue)、古(gu)代地(di)理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)地(di)理(li)(li)堪(kan)輿(yu)(yu)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活標本。已(yi)故(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國道教(jiao)協(xie)會(hui)會(hui)長傅(fu)元天大師(shi)親臨凌云山(shan)視(shi)察(cha)后(hou)說(shuo):凌云山(shan)四(si)(si)相(xiang)五行(xing)舉世(shi)罕(han)(han)見,建議把(ba)凌云山(shan)建成道教(jiao)城(cheng)。
作為中國傳統文化(hua)的(de)風水學說,博(bo)大(da)精深(shen),異常深(shen)澳,請大(da)家慢(man)慢(man)琢(zhuo)磨(mo)、研究。凌(ling)云(yun)山這一獨特的(de)風水寶地(di),大(da)概就是“凌(ling)云(yun)天下靈”的(de)最(zui)好(hao)詮釋(shi)吧!
凌云山真武宮:
真(zhen)武官(guan)為(wei)清代建(jian)筑(zhu),木匾(bian)上“真(zhen)武官(guan)”三字為(wei)已故中國(guo)道(dao)教協會會長傅元(yuan)天親(qin)臨手書。正(zheng)殿(dian)中塑(su)全(quan)副武裝、身披鎧甲、手執寶劍(jian),雄(xiong)視前方的(de)真(zhen)武祖師像,左(zuo)右兩(liang)廊為(wei)十大元(yuan)帥,正(zheng)殿(dian)背(bei)面與真(zhen)武祖師一墻之隔的(de)是慈航真(zhen)人。最(zui)上面的(de)小山(shan)上建(jian)有老君閣,以八卦(gua)造型(xing),雕(diao)梁畫棟,古(gu)樸典(dian)雅,亭中石像演(yan)繹老子騎青牛西(xi)去(qu)化胡的(de)故事,亭外八根(gen)石柱(zhu),均為(wei)滾龍抱柱(zhu)浮(fu)雕(diao),工藝(yi)精(jing)湛。
每年農歷三(san)月(yue)初一(yi)至初三(san),凌云山(shan)道(dao)觀均要(yao)舉行(xing)盛大的(de)道(dao)家結幡儀式,規模宏(hong)大,場(chang)面壯(zhuang)觀,數(shu)(shu)十萬信眾競相(xiang)朝(chao)拜,人(ren)流如織,摩肩接踵,民間(jian)稱為“三(san)月(yue)三(san),朝(chao)靈山(shan)”。結幡時,將鹽、茶、米等五(wu)(wu)谷雜糧裝成(cheng)五(wu)(wu)小袋,用經(jing)點(dian)化的(de)紙包住,然后系于幡幅(fu)下五(wu)(wu)根長繩(sheng)頭,升至天(tian)際云端(duan),10余(yu)得(de)道(dao)高道(dao)在通過沐浴、焚香、凈(jing)口(kou)數(shu)(shu)日后,排陣(zhen)升壇祭(ji)天(tian),叩(kou)念真武祖師(shi),朝(chao)斗超度解厄,得(de)天(tian)地感(gan)應,長繩(sheng)翻卷,纏繞成(cheng)一(yi)解不開的(de),能預(yu)測年景的(de)奇特(te)幡結。
白山凌云大佛:
在碧波(bo)蕩漾的凌(ling)云湖邊,在大(da)(da)樹(shu)參天,綠草覆(fu)蓋,花團錦(jin)簇(cu)的接引(yin)廣場盡頭(tou),依(yi)馬(ma)尾(wei)坡峭壁鑿造而成的石窟大(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo),就是(shi)(shi)凌(ling)云大(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo),為阿(a)彌陀佛(fo)(fo)像,是(shi)(shi)凌(ling)云山(shan)最(zui)著(zhu)名的景觀。僧(seng)尼(ni)、信徒一(yi)(yi)見面,往往便雙(shuang)(shuang)手(shou)雙(shuang)(shuang)十,口念(nian)“阿(a)彌陀佛(fo)(fo)”,算是(shi)(shi)祈福(fu),祝愿,打招呼。為什么(me)呢,據說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)因為阿(a)彌陀佛(fo)(fo)是(shi)(shi)接引(yin)佛(fo)(fo),是(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)中之(zhi)佛(fo)(fo)、佛(fo)(fo)中之(zhi)王(wang)。佛(fo)(fo)像高(gao)99米(mi),比號(hao)稱世界(jie)第一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)的無錫88米(mi)高(gao)靈(ling)山(shan)大(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)銅像高(gao)出11米(mi)。大(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)肩(jian)、頭(tou)部有(you)30余米(mi),相當于10層樓高(gao),可以說(shuo)佛(fo)(fo)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)座山(shan),山(shan)即一(yi)(yi)尊佛(fo)(fo)。
凌云大佛為依巖摩崖(ya)石(shi)窟(ku)像,像離(li)窟(ku)沿還有12米(mi),能科學的排水(shui)、隔濕、通風(feng),可防止大佛的侵(qin)蝕性風(feng)化。在廣場仰(yang)望大佛,會(hui)有仰(yang)云彌高的感覺。佛像左右兩側(ce)山(shan)體及附(fu)近山(shan)頭(tou)均設(she)有若干觀測點,以方便游人敬仰(yang)朝拜。
白山朱雀山:
朱雀山(shan)位于凌(ling)云(yun)山(shan)前案,形如展翅欲飛的大鵬。山(shan)勢四周,分別雕(diao)鑿有臥佛(釋伽牟尼(ni)涅磐(pan)像)、觀音三(san)十三(san)化身、五(wu)百(bai)羅漢(部分)石刻藝術像。
凌云(yun)臥佛(fo),又稱(cheng)釋(shi)(shi)伽牟尼(ni)涅(nie)磐像(xiang)。釋(shi)(shi)伽牟尼(ni)降生于公元(yuan)前623年,相傳出(chu)生后即能周(zhou)行(xing)七步,腳踏(ta)之處,現出(chu)七朵蓮花,且舉(ju)目(mu)四顧,一(yi)手指天,一(yi)手指地,自言自語的(de)(de)說“天上天下(xia),唯我獨尊”。后不(bu)滿不(bu)平等社會現象(xiang),離(li)開王宮(gong),35歲時悟(wu)道,圣號(hao)就是釋(shi)(shi)伽牟尼(ni)佛(fo),他從(cong)成道到(dao)(dao)80歲涅(nie)磐一(yi)直宣說佛(fo)法。石窟全(quan)長 72米,為(wei)世界最(zui)長石刻藝術像(xiang)。雕刻內容為(wei)釋(shi)(shi)伽佛(fo)祖圓寂的(de)(de)故事(shi),由三部份組成,左(zuo)邊(bian)是釋(shi)(shi)伽牟尼(ni)涅(nie)磐,進入最(zui)高(gao)不(bu)生不(bu)滅境(jing)界,面(mian)容慈祥,神情自然;稍偏黃金分割點處是一(yi)株巨大(da)的(de)(de)菩提樹(shu)連通上下(xia)窟沿,樹(shu)葉點綴整個(ge)畫面(mian),并(bing)把畫面(mian)一(yi)分為(wei)二,既起到(dao)(dao)了豐富(fu)畫面(mian)內容的(de)(de)作用(yong),又很好的(de)(de)解(jie)決了支撐窟頂的(de)(de)力學(xue)難題;右(you)邊(bian)是釋(shi)(shi)伽佛(fo)祖八大(da)弟子(zi)虔心稱(cheng)頌(song)師傅經(jing)過三個(ge)解(jie)脫門,神態莊嚴,心誠至極。
觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)三(san)十三(san)化(hua)身(shen)石(shi)窟藝術像,每一(yi)個(ge)化(hua)身(shen)就是一(yi)個(ge)經(jing)典的(de)佛經(jing)故事。佛教有(you)(you)各種名稱的(de)佛和菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa),其中(zhong)老(lao)百姓映象最深的(de)是觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)了。觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)在(zai)佛教中(zhong)是大慈大悲的(de)代表,觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)剛傳進中(zhong)國來時(shi)是男性,后(hou)逐(zhu)漸演變成女性。她在(zai)西方(fang)極(ji)樂世(shi)界(jie)的(de)主要任務是協助阿彌陀佛接(jie)度(du)眾(zhong)生(sheng),在(zai)婆娑世(shi)界(jie),即現實世(shi)界(jie)輔助釋(shi)伽牟(mou)尼推行(xing)教化(hua)。觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)菩(pu)薩(sa)(sa)能化(hua)出眾(zhong)多(duo)妙容,能說無(wu)邊(bian)秘密神咒。所(suo)現妙容,所(suo)念神咒,能使眾(zhong)生(sheng)無(wu)畏。她的(de)主體是圓融清凈寶覺觀(guan)(guan)音(yin),應眾(zhong)生(sheng)機緣有(you)(you)32化(hua)身(shen)。每一(yi)尊(zun)石(shi)刻像高3—5米,比例勻稱,體態豐(feng)盈,雍容典雅,頗有(you)(you)盛(sheng)唐遺(yi)風(feng)。
五百羅漢(han)石刻藝術(shu)像(部分),分布于朱雀(que)山南側(ce),窟高3—5米(mi),像高2—4米(mi)。羅漢(han)是小乘佛教里最理想的(de)(de)(de)最高果位。有(you)三(san)義,一是殺賊,二是供應,三(san)是無生。眾羅漢(han)各自獨立(li),又相互照應,動靜交融,渾(hun)然一體。有(you)的(de)(de)(de)顯出嚴厲而又慈(ci)悲(bei)的(de)(de)(de)性格;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)透著圣潔和智慧;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)風神(shen)浪漫;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)態安(an)祥;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)樸實(shi)可愛;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)蘊深沉;有(you)的(de)(de)(de)哭笑不得。似乎告訴人們(men),羅漢(han)雖超凡(fan)脫(tuo)俗,沒有(you)生死輪回之苦,但也有(you)喜怒哀樂,西天也并(bing)非(fei)完全的(de)(de)(de)極(ji)樂世界。
白山寺:
凌云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si),距今有(you)1800余年(nian)歷史,周邊(bian)及頂上建(jian)有(you)大小(xiao)寺(si)(si)廟數(shu)座(zuo),香火旺盛,民間傳頌謂“小(xiao)西天(tian)”,現存漢(han)、唐、宋古(gu)巖墓、舍利塔、碑刻(ke)三十(shi)余處(chu)。白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)可(ke)以(yi)說是(shi)一座(zuo)奇山(shan)(shan):在凌云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)遠望白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)、馬巖山(shan)(shan)似兩(liang)尊睡佛;在白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)湖上觀如兩(liang)頭雄獅(shi);在朱雀山(shan)(shan)下觀白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)恰似一個側面人像,正是(shi)“步移景換”,游客(ke)們(men)驚喜的(de)叫他“獅(shi)身人面像”。明朝宰相陳以(yi)勤(高坪(ping)青居(ju)人,其(qi)父子二(er)人均為文淵閣(ge)大學士、當朝宰相)曾游白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si),并寫下詩句:迢繞梵宇隔凡(fan)煙,春日閑(xian)游思(si)獨玄。天(tian)地此山(shan)(shan)元萬古(gu),漢(han)唐有(you)偈幾千年(nian)。數(shu)峰啼鳥(niao)鐘聲外,滿徑飛花(hua)寺(si)(si)影邊(bian)。欲向寰中(zhong)除(chu)苦惱,無如此處(chu)可(ke)安禪。
金(jin)光如來殿,為(wei)近年重(zhong)修(xiu)建筑,飛脊翹檐,歇山斗拱,氣勢雄(xiong)偉,佛(fo)靈香旺,殿中供奉(feng)著兩(liang)尊從緬甸迎(ying)請來的金(jin)光如來玉佛(fo)、韋陀菩薩,分別高3米余,重(zhong)達(da)5噸左右(you)。
白山寺三面均為(wei)懸崖(ya),在崖(ya)壁上(shang),密布著一排(pai)排(pai)古石崖(ya)墓群,舍利塔,考證為(wei)漢唐以來,歷(li)代高僧(seng)大(da)德圓寂禪(chan)定之凈地。洞口刻有“我在這塔來,他向那(nei)里去”的(de)對句,句中(zhong)含藏著無限禪(chan)機。
白(bai)山(shan)馬巖山(shan)石窟藝(yi)術城:
馬(ma)巖(yan)山(shan)曾經(jing)是(shi)白山(shan)香火(huo)最旺,廟宇最雄(xiong)偉、密集的(de)地方,可惜現(xian)在已蕩然(ran)無存(cun),但從(cong)附近出土的(de)瓦礫、礎石、碑刻(ke)、香爐均可察考當年的(de)盛況,現(xian)正著(zhu)手籌備恢復(fu)大雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)。在馬(ma)巖(yan)山(shan)北面的(de)峭巖(yan)上雕(diao)刻(ke)有(you)氣(qi)勢恢宏的(de)石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)。窟(ku)高9—20米,像(xiang)高7—16米,分(fen)別(bie)為東方三圣石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)、西方三圣石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)、金光(guang)(guang)如(ru)來(lai)石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)、化光(guang)(guang)如(ru)來(lai)石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)、騎獅(shi)的(de)文殊菩(pu)薩、騎象的(de)普賢(xian)菩(pu)薩、手持錫杖蓮(lian)花的(de)出家之僧地藏菩(pu)薩以及觀音菩(pu)薩石窟(ku)藝術(shu)(shu)像(xiang)等。
傳承意義
凌云山國家(jia)森林(lin)公園是(shi)四川省(sheng)東北地區一(yi)處重(zhong)要的(de)城郊型(xing)國家(jia)森林(lin)公園,公園鄰近南(nan)充市城區,區位條件優越,公園內森林(lin)景觀資源和(he)人文景觀豐富(fu)多樣、品位較(jiao)高,在川東北地區具有(you)一(yi)定(ding)典型(xing)性(xing)和(he)獨特性(xing)。
凌(ling)云山傳(chuan)統文化源(yuan)遠流(liu)長。據(ju)出土(tu)文物考證和史書記(ji)載,自東漢明帝時起,道、儒(ru)、佛三家(jia)競相在此(ci)建宮造廟,文革(ge)前仍留(liu)存有數十座規模宏大的宮殿、寺廟、禮壇,香火鼎盛綿長,遠近(jin)士女紛至(zhi)禮拜(bai),盛極千(qian)年(nian)。
該公園的建設對完善全省森林(lin)公園布(bu)局(ju),促進川東(dong)北地區自然生態保護和旅游產業發展具(ju)有重要意義。