發展由來
綜述
5000年以前(qian)的(de)(de)上古時期(qi)，有(you)(you)一支(zhi)姓姜的(de)(de)部(bu)落生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)的(de)(de)姜水一帶(dai)。部(bu)落首領－－直(zhi)至今天(tian)，在(zai)世界上好(hao)多的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方，中(zhong)(zhong)東、非(fei)洲、南(nan)美洲的(de)(de)雨林里(li)，都還(huan)有(you)(you)不少這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)大(da)人(ren)物，喚作“酋(qiu)長”－－叫神農(nong)，身(shen)號炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)。炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)與其(qi)后續世系生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)姬水一帶(dai)的(de)(de)鄰居(ju)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)，共為而今的(de)(de)洋(yang)(yang)洋(yang)(yang)大(da)族中(zhong)(zhong)華民族的(de)(de)始祖。寶雞(ji)也(ye)因是第一代(dai)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)源生(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)，號稱(cheng)“炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)故里(li)”，當然，也(ye)是名副其(qi)實。史(shi)書載：（神農(nong)）母任姒(si)游常羊，感生(sheng)(sheng)帝(di)(di)……，在(zai)寶雞(ji)市南(nan)郊的(de)(de)常羊山上就有(you)(you)一座炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)陵，相傳炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)死后葬于(yu)此(ci)(ci)地(di)(di)(di)。此(ci)(ci)外，市區(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)心地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)還(huan)有(you)(you)一座炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)祠。
寶(bao)雞為姜(jiang)炎文(wen)化的(de)發(fa)祥地(di)(di)之一，是中(zhong)(zhong)國文(wen)化、中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明、中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)起源地(di)(di)之一。 在距今約5000年前，寶(bao)雞渭水(shui)流域(yu)的(de)姜(jiang)水(shui)，生息著(zhu)一個(ge)古老的(de)氏族(zu)部落——姜(jiang)炎族(zu)，誕生了一位偉大的(de)人(ren)物，中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)的(de)人(ren)文(wen)始(shi)祖——炎帝。
《國語·晉語》載“炎帝以姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)成”，我(wo)們可以理解為(wei)炎帝族最(zui)早活(huo)動的(de)地方(fang)在(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)。古之(zhi)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)，據《水(shui)經(jing)·渭(wei)水(shui)注》所(suo)載是在(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)南(nan)，即今(jin)岐山(shan)(shan)縣周(zhou)原一(yi)帶(dai)，但不(bu)知道確定地點(dian)。不(bu)過，據《大明(ming)一(yi)統志》：鳳翔(xiang)府(fu)寶(bao)雞(ji)縣南(nan)七里有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)，城(cheng)南(nan)也有姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)，此姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)今(jin)名(ming)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)堡，往南(nan)即益門(men)堡，堡西有一(yi)水(shui)名(ming)今(jin)仍(reng)名(ming)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)。古代(dai)傳說(shuo)，本來難得(de)考(kao)實(shi)。以上(shang)兩說(shuo)孰是孰非，不(bu)必過于(yu)拘泥。但總(zong)是在(zai)鳳翔(xiang)府(fu)地，即今(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)市區之(zhi)內。姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)堡為(wei)新(xin)石器(qi)遺址，1958年被列為(wei)陜(shan)西省重點(dian)文物(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)。實(shi)際上(shang)，姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎族在(zai)寶(bao)雞(ji)的(de)最(zui)早故居(ju)是在(zai)今(jin)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)流域(yu)。為(wei)了生存和(he)(he)發展，一(yi)部分(fen)遷居(ju)今(jin)岐山(shan)(shan)、扶風一(yi)帶(dai)，所(suo)以，在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里也出現了帶(dai)“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”的(de)水(shui)名(ming)和(he)(he)城(cheng)名(ming)，即“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)”和(he)(he)“姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)城(cheng)”。有研(yan)究者(zhe)考(kao)證認(ren)為(wei)，在(zai)今(jin)寶(bao)雞(ji)市區渭(wei)河(he)(he)和(he)(he)清姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)的(de)交匯地帶(dai)，曾發現過多件(jian)劉家文化(hua)（姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎文化(hua)）的(de)典型器(qi)物(wu)——高領袋足(zu)鬲。據測定，這(zhe)(zhe)比在(zai)岐山(shan)(shan)、扶風境(jing)內發現的(de)同(tong)類器(qi)物(wu)要早。這(zhe)(zhe)說(shuo)明(ming)岐山(shan)(shan)、扶風境(jing)內出現的(de)劉家文化(hua)是寶(bao)雞(ji)市區姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)炎族向東遷徙、推進的(de)結果。
正因為炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)誕生(sheng)于今(jin)寶雞地區(qu)，所以(yi)(yi)，歷史傳說(shuo)，早在黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)時代(dai)，寶雞地區(qu)就開始了(le)對炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)。《路史·后記(ji)(ji)》記(ji)(ji)載:“黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所崇炎(yan)之(zhi)祠于陳”。羅(luo)萍注說(shuo)：“黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所崇疑在陳倉”。《史記(ji)(ji)·封禪書(shu)》記(ji)(ji)載：“秦靈公(gong)作吳陽上畤(zhi)，祭(ji)(ji)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)；作下(xia)畤(zhi)，祭(ji)(ji)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。”“吳陽”是指今(jin)寶雞市區(qu)北(bei)的吳山（今(jin)陳倉區(qu)境內）之(zhi)東南面(mian)，即今(jin)鳳翔(xiang)的“三畤(zhi)原(yuan)”。秦國開創(chuang)了(le)以(yi)(yi)朝廷名義祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的先例。迄今(jin)為止，這(zhe)是我們所能看(kan)到(dao)的最早的有關這(zhe)方面(mian)內容(rong)的文(wen)獻(xian)記(ji)(ji)錄。自(zi)(zi)此以(yi)(yi)后，寶雞祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)相沿(yan)成習、經久(jiu)不衰。西漢(han)時期，漢(han)高祖劉邦自(zi)(zi)稱“赤(chi)（炎(yan)）帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)子(zi)”，設“畤(zhi)”祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)及黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、青帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、白帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、黑(hei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。這(zhe)種祭(ji)(ji)俗一直延至漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)在位(wei)期間,曾多次到(dao)“雍”地設“畤(zhi)”祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)“五帝(di)(di)(di)(di)”。隋唐(tang)以(yi)(yi)降(jiang)，寶雞地區(qu)開始設廟宇祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)和黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)。
隨著炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部落(luo)(luo)不斷(duan)繁衍壯大(da)，炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部落(luo)(luo)沿渭河不斷(duan)向東南方(fang)向遷徙(xi)。炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)及其后續(xu)世系政權(quan)又分為(wei)兩(liang)大(da)支脈(mo)，一為(wei)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)魁(kui)隗氏政權(quan)，一為(wei)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)神農氏政權(quan)。
魁隗氏
炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)魁(kui)隗(wei)氏(shi)發祥于秦嶺常羊山，興盛于赤水（今貴(gui)州(zhou)赤水市(shi)），建帝(di)(di)(di)都(dou)于陳倉（今陜(shan)西寶(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)），傳(chuan)七帝(di)(di)(di)而失政，被炎(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)神農氏(shi)取而代之。
炎帝(di)魁(kui)隗氏政(zheng)權起(qi)于(yu)(yu)公元前5008年，訖于(yu)(yu)公元前4766年，歷六任(ren)帝(di)，傳國虛記二百四(si)十三年。這六任(ren)帝(di)是：
1、 魁隗，在位(wei)執政虛(xu)記五十八年（公元前5008——前4951年）。
2、 炎居，在位執政(zheng)虛記(ji)三十(shi)四年(nian)（公元前4951——前4918年(nian)）。
3、 節并，在位執政虛記四十三年（公元(yuan)前4918——前4876年）。
4、 戲器，在位執政虛記(ji)五十年（公元前4876——前4827年）。
5、 祝融，在(zai)位執政虛記四十(shi)七年（公元(yuan)前(qian)4827——前(qian)4781年）。
6、 共工(gong)，在位執政虛記(ji)十六(liu)年（公元前4781——前4766年）。
神農氏
部族首領稱炎(yan)帝，名(ming)石年，姜姓，羊圖騰。號神農(nong)氏，為神農(nong)氏族，始生(sheng)地在(zai)(zai)姜水（今陜(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)寶雞市境內），傳說在(zai)(zai)位(wei)140年（約公元前3216～前3077年），一說在(zai)(zai)位(wei)120年，卒葬于(yu)湖(hu)南省(sheng)株洲市炎(yan)陵縣鹿原陂（又名(ming)炎(yan)陵山(shan)、皇山(shan)）。是農(nong)業和醫(yi)藥的(de)發明者(zhe)。其(qi)著名(ming)后(hou)裔有(you)蚩尤氏、烈（厲）山(shan)氏、共工氏、四岳氏等。
炎帝神農氏(shi)政權共傳八任帝，傳國虛記(ji)二(er)百五十四年（前4766—前4513）。
首任帝、神(shen)農(nong)，在位執政虛(xu)記三十四年（公元前(qian)4766——前(qian)4733年）。
二任(ren)帝、臨(lin)魁(kui)，在位執(zhi)政虛記四十二年(nian)（公(gong)元前(qian)4733——前(qian)4692年(nian)）。
三任帝、姜承，在位執政虛記三十八年（公元前4692——前4655年）。
四任帝、姜明，在位(wei)執政虛記二十八年（公元前4655——前4628年）。
五任帝、姜宜(yi)，在(zai)位執政虛記四十七(qi)年(nian)（公元(yuan)前4628——前4582年(nian)）。
六任帝、姜來，在(zai)位執政虛記二十年（公元(yuan)前4582——前4563年）。
七任帝、姜克，在位執政虛記二十五年（公元前4563——前4539年）。
八任(ren)帝、榆罔，在位執(zhi)政虛記二(er)十(shi)七(qi)年（公元前(qian)4539——前(qian)4513年）。
蚩尤氏
炎帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)后（一曰先(xian)仕(shi)于炎帝(di)(di)(di)），出自(zi)羊(yang)水，仕(shi)于黃帝(di)(di)(di)。為主金之(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)，默觀神農(nong)世衰，潛鑄金類(lei)，以為利器(qi)，舉兵(bing)(bing)逐榆罔（炎帝(di)(di)(di)裔），自(zi)號炎帝(di)(di)(di)。后作兵(bing)(bing)伐黃帝(di)(di)(di)，并曾請風伯(bo)雨師助戰，終為黃帝(di)(di)(di)擊敗于涿鹿之(zhi)(zhi)野，被殺(sha)。他是戰神和兵(bing)(bing)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)神，而兵(bing)(bing)器(qi)的發明乃源自(zi)農(nong)具和其他生產工具。
共工氏
亦名共攻(gong)氏，炎帝后裔。性格暴(bao)戾(li)，易于(yu)為非。相傳因與顓(zhuan)頊爭(zheng)強為帝，曾與東夷族大戰，不(bu)勝，而(er)怒觸不(bu)周之山，致使天(tian)傾(qing)地陷，造(zao)成(cheng)人間大災難。
烈山氏
又叫厲(li)山(shan)氏，其首領為烈山(shan)或柱(zhu)(zhu)。《國語(yu)·魯語(yu)上》云：“昔烈山(shan)氏之(zhi)有(you)天下也(ye)，其子曰(yue)(yue)柱(zhu)(zhu)，能植百(bai)(bai)谷百(bai)(bai)蔬。”《左傳·昭公二(er)十九年》載：“有(you)烈山(shan)氏之(zhi)子曰(yue)(yue)柱(zhu)(zhu)，為稷(ji)”。《禮記(ji)·祭法》則稱：“厲(li)山(shan)氏之(zhi)有(you)天下也(ye)，其子曰(yue)(yue)農，能植百(bai)(bai)谷。”一般認為烈山(shan)氏為炎帝后裔(yi)，仍為農神、谷神。烈山(shan)，本是(shi)燒山(shan)墾田(tian)之(zhi)意(yi)。
四岳氏
首領為伯夷，姜姓，傳為共(gong)工(gong)之從孫，曾助禹(yu)平(ping)治水土。后繁衍出齊(qi)、呂(lv)、申、許(xu)四支后裔。
第二(er)世，臨魁，炎帝長子，在(zai)位80年（公元前3076～前2997年）。
第(di)三(san)世，帝(di)承(cheng)，在(zai)位60年(nian)（公元前2996～前2937年(nian)）。
第四世，帝(di)明，在位49年（公(gong)元前2936一前2888年）。
第五世，帝直，在位45年(nian)（公元前2887一前2843年(nian)）。
第六世，帝來（厘），在位48年(nian)（公元前2842～前2795年(nian)）。
第(di)七世，帝裹（哀），在位(wei)42年(nian)（公元前(qian)2794一前(qian)2753年(nian)）。
第八世，榆罔，名克，居長(chang)（zhǎng），在位(wei)55年；因德不及(ji)其弟(di)軒(xuan)轅(yuan)，故讓(rang)位(wei)。軒(xuan)轅(yuan)即黃帝(di)，姓有(you)熊(xiong)氏。
第九(jiu)世，名器，榆罔(wang)子。
第(di)十(shi)世，名祝融，器之子；卒葬衡山（在今湖南）。
第十一世，名術囂，祝融(rong)子。
第十二世，名(ming)勾龍(long)，術(shu)囂子。
第十三世，名垂，勾龍子(zi)。
第十(shi)四世，名共(gong)工(gong)。
第十五世，名伯夷，著名賢人(ren)，佐堯帝(di)掌(zhang)四岳，佐大禹治水，因功受(shou)封(feng)于呂(lv)，為呂(lv)侯，是呂(lv)氏得(de)姓之始。姜太(tai)公呂(lv)尚，即其(qi)后。
后世紀念
炎帝故里
主詞(ci)條(tiao)：炎(yan)帝故里(li)
因為炎(yan)帝神(shen)農（Yandi；Yan Emperor）并(bing)不單是一個，而是對這一時期炎(yan)帝世(shi)系多個早期華夏族杰出部落首(shou)領的(de)統稱，這些人(ren)可能距今6000年(nian)至(zhi)5500年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)間活動(dong)于(yu)姜水之(zhi)(zhi)岸(an)（今陜西省寶雞市境內），其后部落發展擴大，遷徙并(bing)活躍于(yu)湖北、湖南、山西等地(di)，均是炎(yan)帝故里(li)。
炎帝陵
主詞條：炎帝陵
炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)又號稱神(shen)農氏(shi)，神(shen)農氏(shi)族部(bu)落(luo)初始活(huo)(huo)躍地(di)(di)應(ying)在(zai)在(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)水，后(hou)以姜(jiang)(jiang)水為活(huo)(huo)動中(zhong)心(xin)，向周邊地(di)(di)區擴(kuo)展(zhan)，因此在(zai)天(tian)臺山、常羊(yang)山、蒙峪溝、九龍泉、清姜(jiang)(jiang)河(he)、炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)陵、炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)祠多(duo)個(ge)地(di)(di)方(fang)構成(cheng)了(le)一條完整(zheng)的炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)神(shen)農氏(shi)從(cong)出生(sheng)(sheng)、死后(hou)安葬的炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化鏈(lian)條。《國語》中(zhong)記載，大約在(zai)5000年(nian)前(qian)西秦大地(di)(di)上活(huo)(huo)動著一支母(mu)系氏(shi)族部(bu)落(luo)--有蚶氏(shi)，傳說(shuo)后(hou)產生(sheng)(sheng)雙胞族炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)和黃帝(di)(di)，黃帝(di)(di)部(bu)落(luo)最初生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)在(zai)渭河(he)下游，后(hou)遷移至(zhi)中(zhong)原地(di)(di)區。炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)落(luo)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)在(zai)寶雞一帶，以經營農業著名(ming)。在(zai)寶雞已發(fa)現關桃(tao)園遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)（8000年(nian)前(qian)）、北首嶺遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)（7100年(nian)前(qian)）、姜(jiang)(jiang)城堡遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)等古文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)40多(duo)處。眾多(duo)的古文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)，反(fan)映了(le)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)落(luo)繁衍生(sheng)(sheng)息，發(fa)展(zhan)狀大的過程。
炎帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)以寶雞為(wei)中心，沿(yan)渭河向四周擴展，向西發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)中原大地，此處土地平坦(tan)肥沃(wo)，氣候濕潤，原始農業得(de)到(dao)長遠(yuan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展。部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)開(kai)始定居，開(kai)始建都(dou)陳(chen)，再遷往(wang)魯。建都(dou)曲阜，后(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)炎帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)與南方的(de)蚩(chi)尤發(fa)(fa)生戰爭(zheng)，求助于(yu)黃(huang)(huang)帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)在涿鹿大敗蚩(chi)尤。以后(hou)(hou)炎黃(huang)(huang)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯盟形成了(le)華夏民(min)族的(de)主體。后(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)，炎帝部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分南遷，足跡(ji)兩(liang)湖。一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分仍留(liu)于(yu)黃(huang)(huang)河流(liu)域融合于(yu)其他氏族部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)之(zhi)中，仍奉炎帝為(wei)祖。
炎帝神農故里
這(zhe)反映(ying)了(le)神(shen)農(nong)部(bu)落是不斷發展壯大的，其中以(yi)寶雞(ji)(ji)的炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)為第(di)一(yi)代炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的陵(ling)(ling)墓(mu)。寶雞(ji)(ji)是早期華(hua)夏部(bu)落聯盟主干——炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)落（華(hua)族(zu)）的發祥地(di)(di)(di)(di)。第(di)一(yi)代炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)生于(yu)(yu)常羊山(shan)蒙峪(yu)溝，長于(yu)(yu)姜水，是農(nong)業之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)，醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣，因以(yi)火德王，故(gu)名(ming)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)，號神(shen)農(nong)氏。《白(bai)虎通(tong)義》中記載，古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)民(min)皆(jie)食禽(qin)獸(shou)肉，至于(yu)(yu)神(shen)農(nong)，人(ren)民(min)眾(zhong)多，禽(qin)獸(shou)不足，于(yu)(yu)是神(shen)農(nong)因天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，分地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利(li)，制(zhi)耒(lei)耜，教民(min)農(nong)作，神(shen)而(er)化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使民(min)宜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)農(nong)。一(yi)代、二代炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)均生活(huo)于(yu)(yu)陜西(xi)(xi)寶雞(ji)(ji)姜水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岸，其后(hou)(hou)，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)部(bu)落壯大輻射(she)到其他地(di)(di)(di)(di)區，后(hou)(hou)代炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)活(huo)躍于(yu)(yu)湖(hu)南株(zhu)洲(zhou)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)陵(ling)(ling)縣(xian)、湖(hu)北隨州、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)高平等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，使這(zhe)些地(di)(di)(di)(di)方都留下炎(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)。
陵祠
炎帝陵和(he)炎帝祠位于寶雞市(shi)渭濱區(qu)神農鎮境內常羊山(shan)上。是神農炎帝的陵寢，為炎黃子孫(sun)拜祖祭祀的主要(yao)場所(suo)。
中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族是(shi)(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃貴胄，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生(sheng)地(di)在(zai)(zai)姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，軒轅氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)黃帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)始(shi)生(sheng)地(di)在(zai)(zai)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)，早在(zai)(zai)2700多年(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)春秋時代(dai)就有(you)(you)(you)定論(lun)。《國(guo)語·晉(jin)語》中(zhong)(zhong)記載(zai)(zai)：“黃帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)姬水(shui)(shui)(shui)成，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)成。”姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，這(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)1500多年(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)魏時代(dai)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)古(gu)地(di)理學(xue)家(jia)(jia)酈道(dao)元就明(ming)(ming)確地(di)寫(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)經注》中(zhong)(zhong)。明(ming)(ming)代(dai)天(tian)順五年(nian)《一(yi)統志》記載(zai)(zai)：“姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)縣南(nan)(nan)。”即今寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)區(qu)(qu)渭河南(nan)(nan)姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)區(qu)(qu)渭河南(nan)(nan)有(you)(you)(you)浴(yu)(yu)圣(sheng)(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉，泉上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)唐(tang)建(jian)(jian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)祠(ci)，祠(ci)南(nan)(nan)蒙(meng)峪(yu)口(kou)有(you)(you)(you)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，均(jun)在(zai)(zai)（寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)）渭濱區(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮(zhen)境內，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)眾民(min)(min)百(bai)姓祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)先祖(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo)(suo)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)主(zhu)要游覽建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)：神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門、羊(yang)腳亭(ting)(ting)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)大(da)(da)(da)門、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)行宮(gong)、羊(yang)首(shou)亭(ting)(ting)、“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)城(cheng)池”、“華(hua)夏始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)”牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)、祭(ji)(ji)壇廣(guang)場(chang)、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)殿、炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)塑(su)像、大(da)(da)(da)型彩繪、墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)石(shi)階(jie)、陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)等。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)民(min)(min)間春節正(zheng)月(yue)11日集會九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)誕辰；每(mei)年(nian)7月(yue)7日集會天(tian)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)祭(ji)(ji)奠炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)死葬(zang)。這(zhe)(zhe)幾年(nian)來，海內外同(tong)胞多次成批(pi)來寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)域姜(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)堡(bao)、九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉、天(tian)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)尋根拜(bai)(bai)祖(zu)(zu)，但祠(ci)毀陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)圮失修(xiu)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)故鄉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)——寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)深感內疚(jiu)。為(wei)(wei)此渭濱區(qu)(qu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)鎮(zhen)政府先后(hou)邀(yao)請專家(jia)(jia)學(xue)者與(yu)研(yan)究寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)方志的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)志，進行實(shi)地(di)考察(cha)，結合史(shi)志文(wen)(wen)獻記載(zai)(zai)論(lun)證．市(shi)政府、政協以(yi)及(ji)(ji)地(di)處(chu)蒙(meng)峪(yu)溝口(kou)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)橋梁(liang)(liang)廠(chang)領(ling)導，決心在(zai)(zai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏族始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出生(sheng)、創業與(yu)喪葬(zang)之(zhi)處(chu)重修(xiu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)祠(ci)和(he)(he)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，為(wei)(wei)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)黃子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)拜(bai)(bai)祖(zu)(zu)謁陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)奠先 祖(zu)(zu)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)場(chang)所(suo)(suo)。弘(hong)揚民(min)(min)族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，功垂中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)歷史(shi)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)劃分陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)區(qu)(qu)、祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)區(qu)(qu)、墓(mu)冢(zhong)三(san)個部分。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)區(qu)(qu)：姜(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)堡(bao)處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)古(gu)式(shi)重檐牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)故里”四字(zi)(zi)(zi)。堡(bao)東“浴(yu)(yu)圣(sheng)(sheng)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)泉”上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)沐浴(yu)(yu)殿和(he)(he)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)亭(ting)(ting)。清(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)路北(bei)段十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)路口(kou)有(you)(you)(you)座石(shi)質華(hua)表牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)之(zhi)鄉”四字(zi)(zi)(zi)。清(qing)姜(jiang)(jiang)路中(zhong)(zhong)段十(shi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)路口(kou)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)座古(gu)式(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)杰地(di)靈”四字(zi)(zi)(zi)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)橋梁(liang)(liang)廠(chang)門前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)天(tian)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)入(ru)(ru)(ru)口(kou)處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙(meng)峪(yu)，坐東面西(xi)有(you)(you)(you)座跨路古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門”牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)。過(guo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)門經橋梁(liang)(liang)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)屬區(qu)(qu)，向南(nan)(nan)即為(wei)(wei)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，有(you)(you)(you)盤山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)路直達(da)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿；另有(you)(you)(you)直登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)殿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)階(jie)。祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)區(qu)(qu)：“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，距寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雞(ji)市(shi)南(nan)(nan)約5公(gong)里。進入(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門，有(you)(you)(you)百(bai)米臺階(jie)，謁陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)可(ke)拾級登陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臺處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門。門外豎立著一(yi)塊石(shi)碑，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)刻“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”三(san)個大(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)安著名(ming)書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)(jia)吳三(san)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手跡。常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)風(feng)光宜人(ren)(ren)(ren)，溝底終(zhong)年(nian)流(liu)淌著清(qing)冽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉小(xiao)溪，也(ye)(ye)流(liu)淌著永遠訴說不完的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美麗傳(chuan)說，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)就誕生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)塊美麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。步入(ru)(ru)(ru)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)門，左廂房里展出著炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)平及(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)說故事，右廂房的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻壁上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)懸掛著各界人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題詞。東西(xi)兩側設有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業展覽館(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)史(shi)展覽館(guan)(guan)。修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)及(ji)(ji)祭(ji)(ji)奠炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)動場(chang)面可(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)電視錄相(xiang)展示在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們眼前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。院子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)殿，殿前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)容納千(qian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)廣(guang)場(chang)。大(da)(da)(da)殿面5間，左右兩邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)紅柱子(zi)(zi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)安著名(ming)書(shu)(shu)法家(jia)(jia)茹桂書(shu)(shu)寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對聯：“創始(shi)定有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)千(qian)載(zai)(zai)岐黃崇(chong)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”，“流(liu)傳(chuan)安無據八方稼穡念神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)”。正(zheng)面門額上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)殿”四個大(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)。殿堂(tang)正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)央是(shi)(shi)(shi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)型塑(su)像，殿內燈火(huo)輝煌，香火(huo)不斷，宏(hong)亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘聲悠揚 悅(yue)耳，回(hui)蕩整(zheng)個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)谷…… 祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)區(qu)(qu)內還修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)姜(jiang)(jiang)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)圣(sheng)(sheng)母宮(gong)和(he)(he)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)閣。西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腰有(you)(you)(you)百(bai)草(cao)堂(tang)、藥(yao)王洞建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，既(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)醫(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo)(suo)，又(you)可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)群(qun)(qun)眾看病。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)區(qu)(qu)：穿過(guo)殿堂(tang)往南(nan)(nan)，便(bian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)條筆直的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通往后(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)道(dao)。炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)就在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)后(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)們迫不及(ji)(ji)待地(di)登上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)陡峭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、層層相(xiang)疊(die)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺階(jie)，直至登上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)第999個臺階(jie)，才算終(zhong)于到(dao)達(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)羊(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)峰頂(ding)。這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)個龐大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓形陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)，墓(mu)冢(zhong)周(zhou)圍用青石(shi)砌筑(zhu)，墓(mu)碑上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)刻有(you)(you)(you)“炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)”四字(zi)(zi)(zi)。四周(zhou)松柏成林(lin)。墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)通道(dao)兩邊(bian)為(wei)(wei)歷代(dai)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)王塑(su)像，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)冢(zhong)后(hou)為(wei)(wei)頌揚炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)功德的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩詞、楹聯和(he)(he)繪畫作(zuo)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑林(lin)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)東連天(tian)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)風(feng)景名(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)，北(bei)隔蒙(meng)峪(yu)河與(yu)諸葛(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)相(xiang)望，南(nan)(nan)邊(bian)松柏成林(lin)，越(yue)林(lin)梢可(ke)遠眺高(gao)聳(song)人(ren)(ren)(ren)云(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦嶺大(da)(da)(da)散關，向西(xi)俯視清(qing)波滾(gun)滾(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，姜(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縈繞姜(jiang)(jiang)氏城(cheng)北(bei)流(liu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)渭河。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)整(zheng)體以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)取勢，古(gu)建(jian)(jian)成群(qun)(qun)，三(san)面凌空(kong)，給人(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)雄偉(wei)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)圣(sheng)(sheng)、肅(su)穆、古(gu)雅(ya)、幽靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感覺。“國(guo)之(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)事，在(zai)(zai)祀(si)與(yu)戒。”“蓋古(gu)圣(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)功德，惟帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)。故后(hou)世之(zhi)報享(xiang)，帷(wei)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最(zui)隆。”作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業、醫(yi)藥(yao)和(he)(he)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)者，炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏在(zai)(zai)歷代(dai)祀(si)典(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)，一(yi)直居于崇(chong)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位。海外僑(qiao)胞、港澳同(tong)胞和(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)陸各界人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)紛(fen)紛(fen)來炎(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)祭(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)拜(bai)(bai)謁。這(zhe)(zhe)里有(you)(you)(you)江澤民(min)(min)、李(li)鵬、趙樸初、周(zhou)培源、周(zhou)谷城(cheng)、楊靜仁、張愛(ai)萍、王首(shou)道(dao)、錢偉(wei)長、江華(hua)、王任重、耿飚、張平化(hua)、嚴濟慈、蕭克、羅青長、屈武等人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題字(zi)(zi)(zi)、題詞，也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)社會各界人(ren)(ren)(ren)士(shi)留下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墨寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。
行宮
炎帝(di)行宮是一處重要(yao)的(de)炎帝(di)遺存，位于山(shan)西省高平市東(dong)北14.5公里的(de)故關村。
該宮建(jian)于村中偏南，創建(jian)年代(dai)不詳(xiang)，至(zhi)遲在明(ming)代(dai)已有。坐北面南，單(dan)進(jin)院。現(xian)有正殿(dian)、午(wu)臺、圣賢殿(dian)等。正殿(dian)三間，進(jin)深(shen)六椽，前殿(dian)懸山頂。院內現(xian)存，明(ming)、清碑四通。
據明成(cheng)化十一年(nian)（1475年(nian)）“重修炎帝(di)行(xing)宮(gong)碑”記載(zai)：“神農炎帝(di)行(xing)宮(gong)磐基在故關里村前，肇基太古(gu)，無文考驗，祠在換馬村東南，現存(cun)墳冢，木欄繞護(hu)，然祠與(yu)宮(gong)相去幾(ji)百余步也。”
歷史遺址
在寶雞市姜城堡地區發(fa)現的(de)(de)姜氏城遺址(zhi)，面(mian)積大約有49萬平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。遺址(zhi)中最大的(de)(de)房子長10.7 米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬(kuan)10.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)，面(mian)積約124平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，而北(bei)首嶺(ling)遺址(zhi)中最大的(de)(de)房子面(mian)積僅88平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，出土的(de)(de)生產工具(ju)和陶器(qi)與(yu)北(bei)首嶺(ling)的(de)(de)相似，并且(qie)相對先進。由(you)此可見，姜城堡遺址(zhi)時期是北(bei)首嶺(ling)氏族(zu)部(bu)(bu)落的(de)(de)繁榮(rong)和發(fa)展時期，這正是母系氏族(zu)公社(she)向(xiang)父氏族(zu)公社(she)的(de)(de)過渡時期，與(yu)傳(chuan)說中的(de)(de)炎帝時相吻(wen)合。發(fa)現古(gu)文化遺址(zhi)40多(duo)處。眾多(duo)的(de)(de)古(gu)文化遺址(zhi)，反(fan)映了炎帝部(bu)(bu)落繁衍生息，發(fa)展狀(zhuang)大的(de)(de)過程。
故事傳說
寶雞(ji)是炎(yan)帝(di)的(de)(de)發祥地。炎(yan)帝(di)生于(yu)寶雞(ji)天臺山的(de)(de)蒙峪(yu)溝，長于(yu)姜水，是農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)神，醫藥之(zhi)(zhi)圣，因以火德王(wang)，故(gu)名(ming)炎(yan)帝(di)，號神農(nong)(nong)(nong)氏。 《白虎通號》中(zhong)記載，古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)人民皆食禽獸(shou)肉，至于(yu)神農(nong)(nong)(nong)，人民眾(zhong)多，禽獸(shou)不足，于(yu)是神農(nong)(nong)(nong)因天之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，分(fen)地之(zhi)(zhi)利，制耒耜，教民農(nong)(nong)(nong)作，神而化之(zhi)(zhi)，使民宜之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)謂之(zhi)(zhi)神農(nong)(nong)(nong)。炎(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)以寶雞(ji)為中(zhong)心，沿渭河向四周(zhou)擴展(zhan)，向西發展(zhan)到中(zhong)原大(da)地，此處土地平(ping)坦肥沃(wo)，氣候濕潤，原始(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)得到長遠(yuan)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)。部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)定居(ju)，開(kai)始(shi)(shi)建都陳，再遷往魯(lu)，建都曲阜(fu)，后來(lai)炎(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)與南方的(de)(de)蚩尤發生戰(zhan)爭(zheng)，求(qiu)助(zhu)于(yu)黃(huang)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)在涿鹿大(da)敗蚩尤。以后炎(yan)黃(huang)兩部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯(lian)盟形成了(le)華(hua)夏民族的(de)(de)主體。后來(lai)，炎(yan)帝(di)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)一部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)南遷，足跡兩湖(hu)，一部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)仍(reng)留于(yu)黃(huang)河流域融合(he)于(yu)其(qi)他氏族部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，仍(reng)奉炎(yan)帝(di)為祖(zu)。
主要景點
綜述
炎帝陵分(fen)為陵前(qian)區(qu)、祭祀區(qu)、墓冢區(qu)3部(bu)分(fen)。
陵前區
陵(ling)前區(qu)從姜(jiang)城堡地(di)區(qu)至天臺山(shan)入口的(de)蒙峪建有(you)多處古式牌坊(fang)，上書(shu)"炎帝故里"、"神(shen)農之鄉"、"神(shen)農門(men)"、"人杰地(di)靈"等。
祭祀區
進入山門(men)，即進入祭祀區，沿百米臺(tai)階而上，來到陵(ling)臺(tai)，陵(ling)臺(tai)處為山門(men)，門(men)外豎立一(yi)塊石碑(bei)，上刻"常羊山"三(san)個大字，為著名書(shu)法家吳(wu)三(san)大的手跡。
登上(shang)山(shan)頂，便到了(le)仰首亭(ting)(ting)，亭(ting)(ting)內和亭(ting)(ting)旁各有(you)一塊清代碑石，碑上(shang)刻(ke)有(you)"常養育炎(yan)"和"山(shan)海鎮 "，其(qi)中(zhong)后者為清嘉慶三年重修城池的遺石。
炎帝廟
炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)廟，大(da)殿(dian)(dian)面(mian)闊5間，左右兩邊的(de)對(dui)聯為(wei)書(shu)法家茹(ru)桂(gui)所(suo)書(shu)"創始定有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)千載(zai)歧黃崇炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)，流傳安(an)天據八方稼穡念神農"，表達(da)了(le)對(dui)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)崇敬之情。殿(dian)(dian)前為(wei)祭祀(si)廣場，可容納千人(ren)(ren)祭祀(si)。廣場兩側分別(bie)建(jian)有(you)(you)鼓亭和(he)(he)鐘亭。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)面(mian)積(ji)400平方米(mi)，高12米(mi)，為(wei)清式廡殿(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)堂正(zheng)中為(wei)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)座(zuo)像(xiang)，像(xiang)高4.5米(mi)，目光炯炯，莊重慈祥(xiang)。殿(dian)(dian)內兩側壁(bi)上分別(bie)繪有(you)(you)有(you)(you)關炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)大(da)型壁(bi)畫(hua)，分別(bie)為(wei)常羊(yang)育(yu)炎(yan)(yan)、浴圣(sheng)九(jiu)龍、農業之神、太(tai)陽之神、醫藥之神、炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)結(jie)盟(meng)，講(jiang)述了(le)炎(yan)(yan)帝(di)(di)的(de)生平和(he)(he)功(gong)績。
穿過祭(ji)祀區，便進入墓冢區。沿(yan)著長長的陵道(dao)拾級(ji)而上，兩(liang)邊塑立著百代帝(di)王(wang)(wang)石像(xiang)，總共16位，依(yi)歷(li)史順序依(yi)次排(pai)列(lie)為：堯、舜、禹、啟、夏桀、成湯、盤(pan)庚、紂王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)文王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)武(wu)王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)幽王(wang)(wang)、周(zhou)平王(wang)(wang)、鄭莊公、齊桓公、秦穆公、宋襄公等。
沿(yan)著陵的道一直向(xiang)上，便來到了(le)氣勢雄渾、莊嚴肅穆的炎帝陵前。這里(li)就是炎黃子孫拜(bai)謁(ye)先祖的圣地。"炎帝陵"三字飄逸灑脫，為(wei)全國(guo)書協名譽主席啟功所題。
每年農歷7月7日及清明節的炎帝祭(ji)(ji)日，海內外(wai)各(ge)界民眾聚于(yu)炎帝陵及炎帝祠(ci)進行盛大(da)的公祭(ji)(ji)儀式，共同拜(bai)祭(ji)(ji)人文初祖--炎帝。
地理位置
炎帝陵，位(wei)于(yu)陜西省(sheng)寶(bao)雞市(shi)渭濱(bin)區神農鎮(zhen)境(jing)內的常羊山之上。
珍惜時光 
