故居特點
張樂行故居屬清式四(si)合院,松柏掩映,有合瓦(wa)瓦(wa)房16間(jian)(jian),其中前排堂層5間(jian)(jian),后客廳5間(jian)(jian),東西(xi)廂房各3間(jian)(jian)。客廳重梁(liang)起架,雕梁(liang)畫棟,明柱走(zou)廊,花格門窗(chuang),建筑雄(xiong)偉。安徽省(sheng)重點文物保護單位。
紀念人物
姓名 張(zhang)(zhang)樂行 性別 男 民族 漢族 籍貫(guan) 安(an)(an)徽亳(bo)州(zhou)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(今渦陽(yang)(yang)) 出生(sheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue)(yue) 1811年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian) 犧(xi)牲(sheng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期(qi) 1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)04月(yue)(yue)(yue)05日(ri)(ri)(ri) 出身于(yu)(yu)地(di)主(zhu)家(jia)庭。早(zao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開糟坊、糧行、賭局,又結黨販運私鹽(yan)做(zuo)“鹽(yan)趟主(zhu)”。在(zai)(zai)販運私鹽(yan)時(shi),常與(yu)(yu)官府發(fa)生(sheng)矛(mao)盾(dun),遂集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)眾成捻(nian)(nian),進行自衛,并(bing)支持農民抗糧、抗差、吃大(da)戶的(de)(de)斗爭。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)聯(lian)合龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)聚眾萬余人圍攻河南(nan)(nan)永(yong)城,劫獄救(jiu)囚,聲勢漸大(da)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)(yu)永(yong)、毫一(yi)帶馮金標(biao)、張(zhang)(zhang)鳳山(shan)(shan)等18股捻(nian)(nian)首(shou)在(zai)(zai)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)歃血為盟,被推為盟主(zhu),樹(shu)黃旗(qi)(qi)起(qi)義(yi),號(hao)稱“十八(ba)鋪聚義(yi)”,成為初期(qi)捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)首(shou)領(ling)。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被清軍(jun)(jun)招(zhao)撫。1854年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)(yu)龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)、蘇天(tian)福再(zai)舉(ju)義(yi)旗(qi)(qi),控制(zhi)(zhi)淮北廣(guang)大(da)地(di)區。1855年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue),永(yong)、亳(bo)及(ji)附(fu)近(jin)州(zhou)縣(xian)(xian)各捻(nian)(nian)會盟于(yu)(yu)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),被推為首(shou)領(ling),稱“大(da)漢明命王”,建黃、白、紅、黑、藍五旗(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)制(zhi)(zhi),各路捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)俱聽調遣,并(bing)兼領(ling)黃旗(qi)(qi)。還發(fa)布告(gao)示和《行軍(jun)(jun)條例》,使捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)有了(le)統一(yi)的(de)(de)組(zu)織和領(ling)導(dao)。捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)此正式起(qi)義(yi),派兵四出攻打附(fu)近(jin)州(zhou)縣(xian)(xian),控制(zhi)(zhi)區域(yu)南(nan)(nan)至潁(ying)(ying)上、霍丘,北抵江蘇蕭山(shan)(shan)、碭(dang)縣(xian)(xian),東接(jie)(jie)懷(huai)遠,西連河南(nan)(nan)歸(gui)德府。1856年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri),雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)失(shi)陷(xian),率(lv)(lv)部(bu)南(nan)(nan)撤(che)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri),攻克(ke)(ke)淮河上游重鎮三河尖。旋回(hui)軍(jun)(jun)北上,于(yu)(yu)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)24日(ri)(ri)(ri)奪回(hui)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。1857年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)(yu)太平軍(jun)(jun)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成、李(li)秀成部(bu)會師于(yu)(yu)霍丘、六安(an)(an)交(jiao)界(jie)處,接(jie)(jie)受(shou)(shou)太平天(tian)國領(ling)導(dao),受(shou)(shou)封為“征(zheng)北主(zhu)將”。從此,捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)一(yi)律蓄發(fa),改換太平天(tian)國旗(qi)(qi)幟。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)13日(ri)(ri)(ri),退至六安(an)(an)。1858年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬率(lv)(lv)兵北上,經正陽(yang)(yang)關(guan)、峽(xia)石(shi)口,占(zhan)領(ling)懷(huai)遠、臨淮和鳳陽(yang)(yang)府縣(xian)(xian)兩城,控制(zhi)(zhi)淮河南(nan)(nan)北的(de)(de)交(jiao)通,斷(duan)絕清淮北鹽(yan)運。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)廬州(zhou)太平軍(jun)(jun)南(nan)(nan)下,配(pei)合陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成、李(li)秀成指揮的(de)(de)三河之役,大(da)敗(bai)湘(xiang)軍(jun)(jun)。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)夏,派龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)領(ling)兵渡淮河,聯(lian)合太平天(tian)國廬州(zhou)守軍(jun)(jun)吳如孝(xiao)部(bu)攻克(ke)(ke)懷(huai)遠,自此兩軍(jun)(jun)占(zhan)領(ling)地(di)區聯(lian)為一(yi)片。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)南(nan)(nan)退定遠。1860年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)指揮張(zhang)(zhang)宗(zong)禹率(lv)(lv)主(zhu)力(li)3萬余人出征(zheng)蘇北敵后,占(zhan)領(ling)清江浦(今淮陰),被太平天(tian)國封為沃王。1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬進駐潁(ying)(ying)上。1862年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)(yu)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成所派陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)得(de)(de)才、賴文光(guang)部(bu)合攻潁(ying)(ying)州(zhou)府(今阜陽(yang)(yang))。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成被俘,率(lv)(lv)孤軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)淮河南(nan)(nan)北堅持斗爭。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)再(zai)退雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)河集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),扼守尹家(jia)河。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri),率(lv)(lv)20萬大(da)軍(jun)(jun)與(yu)(yu)僧格(ge)林(lin)沁決(jue)戰,戰敗(bai)后退至西陽(yang)(yang)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),因叛徒出賣(mai)被俘。4月(yue)(yue)(yue)5日(ri)(ri)(ri),在(zai)(zai)亳(bo)州(zhou)義(yi)門集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)附(fu)近(jin)周(zhou)家(jia)營被害。