水庫概況
又稱巨(ju)陽湖,位(wei)于(yu)山(shan)東省臨朐縣彌(mi)河上游,1959年(nian)建(jian)(jian)成;集水(shui)(shui)(shui)面積786平(ping)方(fang)(fang)千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),總(zong)庫容1.67億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。冶源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫主體工程(cheng)由(you)主壩(ba)(ba)、副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)、溢(yi)洪(hong)閘(zha)、輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)和壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)站組(zu)成。主壩(ba)(ba)長(chang)650米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),系黏土心墻砂殼壩(ba)(ba),最大壩(ba)(ba)高27.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)長(chang)2270米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),為(wei)(wei)粉(fen)質壤土均質壩(ba)(ba),最大壩(ba)(ba)高17.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)洪(hong)閘(zha)建(jian)(jian)于(yu)副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)東端(duan),為(wei)(wei)開敞式(shi)溢(yi)洪(hong)道,泄流凈寬(kuan)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),閘(zha)底(di)高程(cheng)130米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),設(she)計最大泄洪(hong)流量(liang)(liang)(liang)7240立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)每秒(miao)(miao)。輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)東、西(xi)兩個,進口(kou)底(di)高程(cheng)均為(wei)(wei)126.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。東放水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)徑2.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),最大設(she)計泄流量(liang)(liang)(liang)30.9立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)每秒(miao)(miao);西(xi)放水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)徑1.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),最大設(she)計泄流量(liang)(liang)(liang)17.5立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)每秒(miao)(miao)。出(chu)口(kou)建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站,裝(zhuang)機5臺容量(liang)(liang)(liang)850千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),設(she)計年(nian)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)139萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時。
地理位置
冶源水庫(ku)。庫(ku)壩氣(qi)勢雄偉(wei),如(ru)(ru)巨人(ren)張(zhang)臂,橫攔(lan)河道,兩端與公路相接,延(yan)向東西(xi)。堤壩中段的10孔泄洪閘(zha)寬百米,宏偉(wei)壯(zhuang)觀,擁有每秒7240立方(fang)米的泄洪能力。洪汛猛(meng)海漲時,閘(zha)門一開(kai),雷鳴般(ban)聲(sheng)聞十里(li)。庫(ku)水從東西(xi)2干渠(qu)出水洞(dong)流出,兩條干渠(qu)宛如(ru)(ru)銀龍,蜿蜒北去。
周邊環境
水(shui)(shui)庫堤以北,果(guo)樹滿坡,春季百花斗艷(yan),秋季碩果(guo)盈枝。治源水(shui)(shui)庫管理(li)局(ju)即在此處(chu)。主壩和(he)副壩交界處(chu),有(you)半島嶼伸入(ru)庫水(shui)(shui)之中,半島之上,松(song)柏蒼翠,芙蓉成(cheng)行,查休連片。半島南端,瀕(bin)臨(lin)庫水(shui)(shui),建樓(lou)(lou)房一座,清靜(jing)幽雅,乃游客休息(xi)之所。登樓(lou)(lou)眺望(wang),庫水(shui)(shui)浩瀚(han),波光粼(lin)粼(lin),山水(shui)(shui)瀕(bin)連。水(shui)(shui)鳥三(san)五(wu)成(cheng)群(qun)或(huo)翱翔于太空,或(huo)浮(fu)游于水(shui)(shui)面;子泛舟歡歌笑(xiao)語;漁民撒(sa)網,網滿魚(yu)肥。灌區(qu)之內,視野所及,大地似錦,風景如畫。
冶源水(shui)庫 丹河、石河與(yu)彌河匯(hui)流處(chu),上游控(kong)制流域(yu)面積786平方公(gong)里, 總(zong)庫容1.955億立方米, 興(xing)利庫容8370萬立方米, 東(dong)西兩干渠(qu)共轄1160條(tiao)支、斗(dou)、農(nong)、毛(mao)渠(qu),總(zong)長720公(gong)里,網(wang)布于水(shui)庫以(yi)北、彌河兩岸252個(ge)自然(ran)村,控(kong)制灌(guan)(guan)溉面積19.2萬畝,有效灌(guan)(guan)溉面積18萬畝。開(kai)灌(guan)(guan)以(yi)來,一直為全國先進灌(guan)(guan)區。水(shui)庫經過續建、擴建和多次歲修,防(fang)洪效能達到千年一遇的(de)標準。
修建歷史
1957年冬(dong),縣委(wei)決定修建冶源水(shui)(shui)庫。次年春,山東省水(shui)(shui)利勘察設計(ji)(ji)院幫助臨朐(qu)縣進行庫址調查、勘測。縣組成(cheng)(cheng)冶源水(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)程建設指揮(hui)部(bu),縣長鄭志英、副(fu)縣長張金(jin)聲分(fen)別(bie)任正副(fu)指揮(hui),從全縣30個(ge)鄉調集(ji)民工(gong)(gong)(gong)11000人,于5月28日破(po)土(tu)(tu)動工(gong)(gong)(gong),月余(yu)時(shi)間完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)導流壩(ba)和(he)導流溝工(gong)(gong)(gong)程,8月底完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)清基回填任務(wu),9月底開(kai)始筑(zhu)壩(ba)。筑(zhu)壩(ba)所需土(tu)(tu)石(shi), 大部(bu)靠人力小推(tui)車和(he)肩挑、人抬運送。1959年5月按期進入大壩(ba)合龍(long)階段。彌河汛期洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)量大勢猛,汛中(zhong)合龍(long),困難特大。此時(shi),昌濰(wei)專署副(fu)專員率益都、 昌樂、壽光民工(gong)(gong)(gong)4500人開(kai)赴工(gong)(gong)(gong)地增援,臨朐(qu)縣再次增調2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)多人,奮戰一月, 大壩(ba)合龍(long)。9月,大壩(ba)全面竣工(gong)(gong)(gong),奔騰不羈的彌河被攔腰鎖住。之后,配套工(gong)(gong)(gong)程相繼完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。水(shui)(shui)庫總計(ji)(ji)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)土(tu)(tu)石(shi)方418.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)立(li)方米,用工(gong)(gong)(gong)日604.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)個(ge),投資1188.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)(國家投資432.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan))。
水庫作用及經濟效益
冶(ye)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)庫是(shi)臨朐(qu)縣根(gen)治彌(mi)(mi)河(he)水(shui)(shui)害(hai)、綜合開發彌(mi)(mi)河(he)下(xia)游經濟帶的(de)關(guan)鍵性水(shui)(shui)利(li)樞紐工程(cheng)。冶(ye)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)庫庫區多年平均年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)680.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)大年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)1320.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)小年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)433.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi);汛期見水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)占年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的(de)74.5%。冶(ye)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)庫灌(guan)溉(gai)區設(she)兩(liang)條骨干渠道,一條沿彌(mi)(mi)河(he)西岸貫穿(chuan)冶(ye)源(yuan)、城關(guan)2鎮,全長20.6千米(mi)(mi)(mi);另一條沿東岸貫穿(chuan)東城、龍崗2鎮,全長40.6千米(mi)(mi)(mi);干、支(zhi)、斗渠網布1.27萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃沃野糧田,設(she)計灌(guan)溉(gai)面(mian)積2.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃。除(chu)灌(guan)溉(gai)防(fang)洪外,庫內養魚年產(chan)22萬(wan)千克(ke),畝產(chan)水(shui)(shui)平居全省大型水(shui)(shui)庫之(zhi)首。