芒果视频

一、地理位置

馮家(jia)堡(bao)子(zi)(zi)積石墓群(qun)位于華(hua)來鎮馮家(jia)堡(bao)子(zi)(zi)村(cun)周圍的(de)(de)農田中(zhong)。馮家(jia)堡(bao)子(zi)(zi)村(cun)四周被群(qun)山所(suo)環繞，西河(he)(he)與南(nan)河(he)(he)在村(cun)子(zi)(zi)西北部(bu)交(jiao)匯(hui)，村(cun)莊就坐落(luo)于河(he)(he)流的(de)(de)東(dong)岸，此處(chu)河(he)(he)流是渾江的(de)(de)一條支流 — 六道河(he)(he)的(de)(de)上游。馮家(jia)堡(bao)子(zi)(zi)村(cun)東(dong)距桓仁縣城(cheng)約(yue)(yue)25公(gong)里(li)，北距華(hua)來鎮村(cun)約(yue)(yue)3.5公(gong)里(li)。

馮家(jia)堡子積石墓(mu)(mu)群總體上分(fen)布較(jiao)零散，我們將分(fen)布相對集中的墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)分(fen)為三區(qu)，在(zai)(zai)每(mei)區(qu)內進(jin)行了(le)有(you)選擇性的發(fa)掘，其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ區(qu)現存墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)修建在(zai)(zai)古河床上。Ⅰ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村(cun)東南(nan)田地(di)(di)中，現存墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)10座(zuo)，對M2、M7和M8進(jin)行了(le)發(fa)掘；Ⅱ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村(cun)西稻田地(di)(di)中，現存墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)15座(zuo)，對M1、M3～6、M9～13進(jin)行了(le)發(fa)掘；Ⅲ區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)村(cun)西北約1500米的山(shan)坡地(di)(di)上，現存墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)數量不(bu)清，僅發(fa)掘了(le)M14。三區(qu)之外，還有(you)10余座(zuo)零星散布的墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)。

二、墓葬概況

馮家(jia)堡子墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)均為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)地(di)起建，利(li)用(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)塊(kuai)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)、礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等構(gou)(gou)筑(zhu)成墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)），在墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)）的(de)(de)周圍和(he)(he)(he)上(shang)面用(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)及碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)封蓋構(gou)(gou)成石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冢(zhong)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)之間距離不(bu)一，無疊壓(ya)打破(po)關系(xi)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)也無明(ming)顯的(de)(de)排列規(gui)律，可確定的(de)(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)向差異較(jiao)大(da)（附表）。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可分為(wei)(wei)有壇積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)無壇積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩類。有壇積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)就是(shi)在積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)圍用(yong)(yong)大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)塊(kuai)壘(lei)砌一周石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墻，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墻與內部(bu)(bu)積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)共同(tong)組成石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壇，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壇平(ping)(ping)面多(duo)(duo)(duo)呈方形或(huo)長(chang)方形，一般保存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)好(hao)。而無壇積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)就是(shi)在積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)圍不(bu)見(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)塊(kuai)壘(lei)砌的(de)(de)邊界墻，積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堆積(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)呈中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)高、四周低的(de)(de)圓(yuan)堆狀(zhuang)，整(zheng)體(ti)保存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)差，現存(cun)(cun)平(ping)(ping)面多(duo)(duo)(duo)為(wei)(wei)近橢圓(yuan)形或(huo)近圓(yuan)形，平(ping)(ping)面尺寸(cun)相差較(jiao)大(da)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)內部(bu)(bu)結構(gou)(gou)有墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)和(he)(he)(he)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)兩種，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)形制較(jiao)規(gui)整(zheng)，四壁用(yong)(yong)大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)立砌，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)底鋪墊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)或(huo)礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，有墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)和(he)(he)(he)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)門(men)；墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)形制則不(bu)規(gui)整(zheng)，是(shi)在積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)修出一個(ge)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑，對(dui)坑底和(he)(he)(he)坑壁的(de)(de)礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進行簡單壘(lei)砌，形成一個(ge)簡陋的(de)(de)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)，無墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)道(dao)和(he)(he)(he)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)門(men)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)中(zhong)未見(jian)木質葬(zang)具，人骨(gu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)為(wei)(wei)原地(di)火(huo)化(hua)，保存(cun)(cun)較(jiao)差，少(shao)(shao)數墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)還保存(cun)(cun)一部(bu)(bu)分人骨(gu)，可分辨(bian)頭向，但已無法提(ti)取(qu)。隨(sui)葬(zang)品多(duo)(duo)(duo)出自墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)室(shi)（墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)壙(kuang)）內，少(shao)(shao)數發現于積(ji)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)。所發掘的(de)(de)14座墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)中(zhong)僅8座出土有隨(sui)葬(zang)遺物，以陶器(qi)為(wei)(wei)主，其次為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)鐵器(qi)。