九(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong),“九(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)”者“九(jiu)重”或“九(jiu)層”之(zhi)意,言其高(gao)(gao)大,在麟(lin)(lin)游縣(xian)城內。原是隋文帝(di)時(shi)建的,名(ming)仁(ren)壽宮(gong)。唐(tang)太(tai)宗貞觀五年(公(gong)元631年)修復,更名(ming)九(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)。唐(tang)高(gao)(gao)宗時(shi)一度改名(ming)萬年宮(gong),后又恢復原名(ming)。周垣(yuan)1800步,并(bing)置(zhi)禁苑武庫存及(ji)宮(gong)寺。規(gui)模宏偉,景色(se)壯麗(li),為隋唐(tang)離宮(gong)之(zhi)冠。麟(lin)(lin)游縣(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)環水繞,夏日清涼(liang),是避暑的好(hao)地方。今縣(xian)城的山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下,杜水潺潺東(dong)流,被一個由北(bei)向南(nan)伸入河中的小山(shan)(shan)(shan)嘴攔住,名(ming)石嘴灣。山(shan)(shan)(shan)背舊有(you)凌虛閣(ge),閣(ge)雖(sui)毀而基址依稀可辨(bian)。經東(dong)北(bei)溝(gou)、梳妝臺(tai)、水漫(man)嶺、天(tian)臺(tai)寺到(dao)西北(bei)溝(gou),即九(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)的遺址。在東(dong)西兩溝(gou)之(zhi)間有(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)叫(jiao)(jiao)天(tian)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。天(tian)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上面的主峰叫(jiao)(jiao)九(jiu)龍殿,也(ye)叫(jiao)(jiao)水漫(man)嶺。
嶺上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)九(jiu)(jiu)龍殿就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)成官的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排云殿。周圍平坦約九(jiu)(jiu)畝。在荊棘從(cong)中,遺(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)柱礎、古塊(kuai)、殘磚、破瓦,兩旁并有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)闕遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)各一(yi)。正(zheng)南(nan)面(mian)(mian)臨(lin)懸崖,深約百丈。北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)連接一(yi)條(tiao)北(bei)(bei)來南(nan)去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)脊(ji),再(zai)北(bei)(bei)端有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圓丘(qiu)陵式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)峰。九(jiu)(jiu)龍殿下(xia)東(dong)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平地上(shang)(shang)(shang),遺(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)個夯(hang)筑(zhu)長(chang)(chang)寬18米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)臺(tai),當地群眾叫(jiao)(jiao)梳妝(zhuang)臺(tai)。西(xi)(xi)面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)連續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)山(shan),山(shan)頭西(xi)(xi)南(nan)兩面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)崢嶸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)崖,上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)福(fu)昌院(yuan),亦名(ming)天臺(tai)寺。天臺(tai)寺西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)山(shan)坡(po)上(shang)(shang)(shang),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)貞觀六年(nian)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“九(jiu)(jiu)成宮醴泉(quan)(quan)銘”碑,魏征撰文,歐陽詢書。書法(fa)秀(xiu)勁,圓潤(run),一(yi)絲不茍,為歐書中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)品。現建(jian)碑亭(ting),附(fu)唐(tang)(tang)高宗(zong)撰“萬年(nian)宮銘并序”碑,供(gong)群眾參觀。從(cong)九(jiu)(jiu)成宮遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)正(zheng)南(nan)跨過杜水(shui),便是(shi)(shi)鳳臺(tai),相傳(chuan)因隋文帝時落過鳳凰(huang),故名(ming)。鳳臺(tai)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)面(mian)(mian)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)處土(tu)臺(tai),傳(chuan)說是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)(tang)王點過兵(bing)將的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)點將臺(tai)。再(zai)南(nan)下(xia)到栗(li)川村(cun),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)冬日不結冰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“御泉(quan)(quan)”。“御泉(quan)(quan)”對面(mian)(mian)東(dong)南(nan)方(fang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)所叫(jiao)(jiao)宮坪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)村(cun)莊,傳(chuan)說是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)(tang)宮官府所在地。1980年(nian)5月,在遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)內發現一(yi)座唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)石(shi)(shi)砌(qi)水(shui)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)臺(tai)呈方(fang)形(xing)(xing),每(mei)邊(bian)長(chang)(chang)6.52米(mi)(mi)(mi),井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)部用(yong)邊(bian)長(chang)(chang)0.25米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)塊(kuai)素(su)面(mian)(mian)石(shi)(shi)板和(he)長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形(xing)(xing)石(shi)(shi)條(tiao)砌(qi)成。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口為圓形(xing)(xing),直徑1.06米(mi)(mi)(mi),周圍雕有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)八瓣葵花(hua)形(xing)(xing)圖(tu)案(an)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口外(wai)邊(bian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四個相距為3米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柱礎石(shi)(shi),直徑為0.28米(mi)(mi)(mi),中間有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圓形(xing)(xing)小孔,孔直徑為0.14米(mi)(mi)(mi),孔深0.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)。井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砌(qi)石(shi)(shi)、柱礎石(shi)(shi)和(he)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)案(an)都磨(mo)研、雕刻得異常精致,為研究隋唐(tang)(tang)建(jian)筑(zhu)史,提供(gong)了寶貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料。
隋(sui)仁(ren)(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)·唐九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)位于陜西省麟游縣,是(shi)(shi)隋(sui)、唐時(shi)期營造的(de)(de)皇家(jia)(jia)避暑離(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),由(you)著(zhu)名(ming)建筑家(jia)(jia)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)愷為(wei)(wei)檢校(xiao)將作大匠設(she)計建造。始建于隋(sui)開皇十三(san)年(593年),初(chu)名(ming)“仁(ren)(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)”,唐貞觀(guan)五年(631年)經修復擴建后改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)”。現存遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)分布面積約42.4萬平(ping)方(fang)米,遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)內現存宮(gong)(gong)(gong)城、城墻、夯(hang)筑宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿臺(tai)基、闕門(men)基址(zhi)(zhi)、石砌水井、唐“九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)醴泉(quan)銘(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)(bei)及“萬年宮(gong)(gong)(gong)銘(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)(bei)等(deng)遺(yi)跡(ji)。其中由(you)魏征撰文(wen)(wen),歐陽詢手書(shu)的(de)(de)“九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)醴泉(quan)銘(ming)”,唐高宗李治(zhi)撰文(wen)(wen)并親自書(shu)寫的(de)(de)“萬年宮(gong)(gong)(gong)銘(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)(bei)不僅具有重要的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物和歷(li)史價(jia)值,也是(shi)(shi)我國書(shu)法史上(shang)里程碑(bei)(bei)(bei)式的(de)(de)作品。隋(sui)仁(ren)(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)·唐九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)被稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“離(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)之冠”,堪稱(cheng)(cheng)“陪都”,一度成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)隋(sui)、唐政治(zhi)、文(wen)(wen)化、軍事、外交中心。隋(sui)仁(ren)(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)?唐九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)發現,為(wei)(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)隋(sui)唐時(shi)期皇家(jia)(jia)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)苑的(de)(de)形(xing)制、規(gui)劃(hua)、建筑方(fang)式等(deng)提供了(le)重要的(de)(de)實物資料。1957年隋(sui)仁(ren)(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)·唐九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)被公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)第二批省級重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位,1996年被國務院公(gong)布為(wei)(wei)第四批全國重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位。
“九五”以來(lai)主要保(bao)護內容:
修建保護碑亭兩座、宮廷水(shui)井井亭及門樓(lou),37 號大殿遺址回填,保護圍墻、大門修建。
保護規劃制訂。
“十一五(wu)”期間主要(yao)保護內容:
制定隋仁壽(shou)宮(gong)唐九成宮(gong)遺址保護(hu)規劃,對主(zhu)要重點的文(wen)物及變化(hua)區實施保護(hu)措(cuo)施。
加(jia)固37 號(hao)宮(gong)殿遺址的四(si)周土體,防止其塌(ta)落(luo),造成遺址的破(po)壞。同時對遺址進行回填,加(jia)固并部(bu)分進行復原展示(shi)。
目(mu)前隋仁(ren)壽(shou)宮唐九成(cheng)(cheng)宮遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)遍布于麟(lin)游縣城(cheng)內,范圍面積很大(da),城(cheng)市建設(she)(she)和發展對文物(wu)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)的(de)破壞和威脅極大(da)。但由于目(mu)前沒(mei)有整個隋仁(ren)壽(shou)宮唐九成(cheng)(cheng)宮遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)規劃,建設(she)(she)性(xing)破壞日(ri)趨嚴(yan)重。
九成宮37號(hao)宮殿(dian)遺址(zhi)夯土(tu)臺基東(dong)、南斷(duan)面高8米處,隨時有倒(dao)塌(ta)的危險。目前遺址(zhi)裸露,風雨侵蝕,風化已脫落。