陵區文化陵墓被盜
元世(shi)祖(zu)忽必烈(lie)滅南宋后,江南釋(shi)教(jiao)總(zong)攝西僧楊璉真(zhen)伽與(yu)演(yan)福寺僧允澤等人在宰相桑(sang)哥的(de)支持下,遍(bian)掘諸陵(ling),這是江南六陵(ling)遭到(dao)最大的(de)一(yi)次(ci)洗劫。楊璉真(zhen)伽和僧允澤率領(ling)部(bu)眾(zhong)蜂擁到(dao)陵(ling)前,陵(ling)使(shi)竭力抗(kang)爭,不讓他(ta)們開(kai)陵(ling)。允澤拔刀相逼(bi),陵(ling)使(shi)無奈大哭而去。盜(dao)賊(zei)們打開(kai)理(li)宗(zong)的(de)棺蓋時(shi),一(yi)股(gu)白氣沖(chong)出,只見理(li)宗(zong)安臥(wo)如睡,珠光寶(bao)氣,縈(ying)繞其身(shen)。棺底墊(dian)著織棉,包著金絲網(wang)罩。棺中(zhong)的(de)寶(bao)物被搶劫一(yi)空后,歹徒又把理(li)宗(zong)的(de)尸體倒掛(gua),撬走口內(nei)含的(de)夜明(ming)珠,瀝取(qu)腹(fu)內(nei)的(de)水(shui)銀。理(li)宗(zong)原想保(bao)護(hu)自己(ji)的(de)尸體不朽,卻不知落到(dao)如此的(de)下場。當時(shi)的(de)陵(ling)區,尸骨被隨(sui)意丟棄,遍(bian)布山(shan)野,慘不忍睹。
據史料記載,他們得(de)到“馬(ma)(ma)烏玉筆箱”、“銅涼撥(bo)銹管”、“交加白齒梳(shu)”、“香骨(gu)案”、“伏(fu)虎枕”、“穿(chuan)云琴(qin)”、“金(jin)貓睛”、“魚影瓊扇(shan)柄”等(deng)諸(zhu)多(duo)珍寶(bao)。而(er)帝王(wang)尸骨(gu)卻拋(pao)棄(qi)在草莽之(zhi)(zhi)間。當時有(you)紹興(xing)人(ren)唐玨(jue),聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)悲痛不已。當下典(dian)當家產,私下備(bei)(bei)酒(jiu)(jiu)宴(yan),邀請鄉(xiang)里少壯輩。酒(jiu)(jiu)至(zhi)半酣,唐玨(jue)突(tu)然(ran)說:“今請諸(zhu)君協力(li),前往收(shou)埋先帝尸骨(gu),如何?”有(you)一人(ren)問道:“山(shan)上(shang)將官(guan)把手,虎視眈(dan)(dan)眈(dan)(dan),事情一旦暴露(lu),如何是好?”唐玨(jue)說:“此事我早已運籌,今四郊荒野多(duo)露(lu)白骨(gu),何不以(yi)(yi)假(jia)亂真,取而(er)代之(zhi)(zhi)呢?”大家應諾。唐玨(jue)拿出備(bei)(bei)好的木(mu)匣若干只(zhi),上(shang)面(mian)復以(yi)(yi)黃色(se)(se)絲絹,署上(shang)帝名(ming)、陵(ling)名(ming),分(fen)頭趁月色(se)(se)潛入陵(ling)山(shan),自(zi)永思陵(ling)以(yi)(yi)下,隨號將諸(zhu)帝遺骸分(fen)別收(shou)藏起(qi)來(lai)(lai),埋在寶(bao)山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)天章寺前,種(zhong)上(shang)冬青樹,以(yi)(yi)為(wei)標志。第二(er)天凌晨,唐玨(jue)出百金(jin),酬謝眾(zhong)人(ren),七日之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),楊(yang)璉真伽復取理宗頭顱,截(jie)為(wei)飲器,有(you)下令裹(guo)取諸(zhu)帝骨(gu)骸,部眾(zhong)只(zhi)得(de)雜以(yi)(yi)牛馬(ma)(ma)枯骨(gu)拾來(lai)(lai),在臨安(an)故(gu)宮中“筑(zhu)一高(gao)十三(san)丈的白塔壓之(zhi)(zhi),名(ming)曰鎮本”,以(yi)(yi)示制勝江南人(ren)民之(zhi)(zhi)意。
該(gai)景點位(wei)于紹興越城區(qu)富盛鎮茶場,有高(gao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、孝宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、光(guang)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、寧宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、理宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)、度宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)等南宋六帝陵(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin),故稱宋六陵(ling)(ling)(ling)。此外(wai),還有北宋徽宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、哲宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)后(hou)(hou)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、徽宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)后(hou)(hou)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、高(gao)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)后(hou)(hou)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)。占地2.25平方公里,為(wei)江南最大(da)的皇陵(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)。每(mei)座陵(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin)均設上下宮(gong),功能(neng)齊(qi)備,結(jie)構完善。元(yuan)初,諸帝、后(hou)(hou)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin)遭(zao)西僧楊璉真伽盜掘,地面(mian)建(jian)筑遭(zao)到破壞(huai)。明(ming)朝初年(nian),朱元(yuan)璋根(gen)據《南宋諸陵(ling)(ling)(ling)圖》,重新立(li)碑植樹,并(bing)加以(yi)祭祀。20世(shi)紀(ji)50年(nian)代,六陵(ling)(ling)(ling)中只(zhi)有孝宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、理宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling),尚存享殿(dian)三間,繚(liao)以(yi)周垣,其余僅存墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)冢(zhong)、墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑、祭桌。20世(shi)紀(ji)60年(nian)代,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)冢(zhong)被(bei)鏟(chan)平,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑、祭桌被(bei)移(yi)作他用(yong)。現陵(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)尚有部分墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)冢(zhong)石及作為(wei)六陵(ling)(ling)(ling)標志的200余棵古(gu)松,陵(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)環境(jing)依然保持當年(nian)風貌。