基本信息
石(shi)牌坊(fang)記(ji)載著(zhu)小鎮(zhen)的(de)悠悠往事,更以其美觀(guan)的(de)造(zao)型(xing)、精細的(de)雕琢、巧(qiao)妙的(de)結構聲名遠揚。
魯(lu)屯牌坊(fang)原有(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)座,現存(cun)其(qi)三(san),均(jun)為(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三(san)間(jian)(jian)五樓(lou)式結(jie)構(gou)。位于魯(lu)屯街中(zhong)岔路(lu)口(kou)的黃氏坊(fang)為(wei)(wei)精(jing)(jing)致絕妙。此(ci)(ci)坊(fang)建于清道光(guang)年(nian)間(jian)(jian),高(gao)、寬均(jun)為(wei)(wei)7米(mi)(mi),鉚榫結(jie)構(gou),牢而(er)堅固。坊(fang)底為(wei)(wei)束腰須彌(mi)座,四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)立(li)于須彌(mi)座上(shang)(shang)。8根八棱方柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),均(jun)用完整(zheng)的石(shi)料加(jia)工(gong)而(er)成(cheng)。四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)各面(mian)均(jun)陰(yin)刻(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)(you)楹(ying)聯,文(wen)字對仗工(gong)整(zheng),書體楷(kai)(kai)隸兼有(you)(you)(you)(you),刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)細致洗練(lian),尤以明間(jian)(jian)中(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)楷(kai)(kai)書題聯,堪稱對聯中(zhong)的佳作,上(shang)(shang)聯為(wei)(wei):"白馬(ma)山高(gao)尉為(wei)(wei)竹箭松心(xin)節(jie)錯根盤光(guang)日(ri)月";下聯為(wei)(wei):"青塘水凈濯(zhuo)出(chu)冰肌玉(yu)骨懷芳履潔(jie)被恩蒙"。落款為(wei)(wei):"原任廣西永安知州誥授奉直(zhi)上(shang)(shang)大(da)夫愚(yu)表叔王秉心(xin)拜(bai)題"。四(si)(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)護耳(er)(er)均(jun)系(xi)伏獅(shi)抱鼓式,耳(er)(er)高(gao)1.42米(mi)(mi),鼓厚0.22米(mi)(mi),鼓面(mian)徑0.65米(mi)(mi),分別浮雕(diao)荷(he)花、鐘(zhong)鹿、松虎、鹿鶴等圖(tu)案(an)18幅,構(gou)圖(tu)新穎,想象豐(feng)富(fu),造(zao)型生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)栩(xu)栩(xu)如生(sheng)。獅(shi)子(zi)系(xi)伏臥狀,昂首翹尾。護耳(er)(er),蹬(deng)石(shi),浮雕(diao)四(si)(si)季花草(cao),如見草(cao)動(dong)(dong),如聞花香。正樓(lou)中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)牌匾長2.5米(mi)(mi),上(shang)(shang)楷(kai)(kai)書陰(yin)刻(ke)(ke):"志同冰質"字,每字30公分見方。刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)精(jing)(jing)湛,鋒(feng)勁秀雅。次樓(lou)牌匾左刻(ke)(ke)"金鸞芳美",右(you)刻(ke)(ke)"彤管流(liu)芳",陰(yin)刻(ke)(ke)楷(kai)(kai)書,工(gong)整(zheng)建秀,刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)嫻熟(shu)。明間(jian)(jian)橫梁上(shang)(shang)透(tou)(tou)雕(diao)二龍(long)(long)戲珠(zhu)(zhu),兩龍(long)(long)似在翻(fan)卷的彩云中(zhong)騰躍穿梭。正樓(lou)平板(ban)坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)立(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)兩根高(gao)拱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),當(dang)中(zhong)豎匾刻(ke)(ke)"圣旨"2字,牌帶為(wei)(wei)半(ban)透(tou)(tou)雕(diao)雙龍(long)(long)抱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),牌首為(wei)(wei)半(ban)透(tou)(tou)雕(diao)"獸面(mian)人首"圖(tu),形似蝙蝠伏臥,雙手(shou)撐蓮。構(gou)思之巧(qiao),使人拍(pai)案(an)叫絕。次樓(lou)平板(ban)坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)亦立(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)拱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),此(ci)(ci)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與中(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian),嵌有(you)(you)(you)(you)透(tou)(tou)雕(diao)"金蟾吐絲"形花窗。坊(fang)頂翼角起翹、鴟吻(wen)含(han)寶(bao),形似立(li)尾鰲魚(yu)含(han)珠(zhu)(zhu),使整(zheng)座牌坊(fang)和諧統一(yi),雄(xiong)渾敦厚。正脊中(zhong)寶(bao)瓶(ping)上(shang)(shang)雕(diao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)壽字型花飾(shi),說明此(ci)(ci)坊(fang)系(xi)百歲坊(fang)一(yi)類。整(zheng)座牌坊(fang)的造(zao)型、結(jie)構(gou)、工(gong)藝(yi)、圖(tu)案(an)之巧(qiao),充分體現了勞動(dong)(dong)人民的智慧和才能,實(shi)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)件精(jing)(jing)美的古(gu)建藝(yi)術珍(zhen)品。
兩座李氏(shi)(shi)(shi)坊,一(yi)(yi)前一(yi)(yi)后(hou),緊(jin)緊(jin)相(xiang)(xiang)鄰,挺立(li)在魯(lu)屯街口半月池側。規模、造型(xing)、格(ge)調與(yu)黃(huang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)坊略(lve)同(tong),唯題刻內容有異(yi),前一(yi)(yi)座正頂(ding)透雕(diao)"萬"字形(xing)圖案,后(hou)一(yi)(yi)座正頂(ding)和(he)黃(huang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)坊雕(diao)飾(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)仿;二樓檐下的花窗,一(yi)(yi)是(shi)透雕(diao)"二龍舞(wu)云",一(yi)(yi)是(shi)透雕(diao)"丹風(feng)朝陽"。另花板(ban)紋樣及局部裝(zhuang)飾(shi)也(ye)稍(shao)有差(cha)異(yi)。
建設年代
據民(min)國《興(xing)義縣志》稿(gao)載:"武(wu)生李汝(ru)之母呂(lv)氏,善(shan)事舅(jiu)姑。清嘉(jia)慶二年(nian)(nian)苗(miao)變,舉(ju)(ju)家攻苗(miao)不克,舅(jiu)姑失(shi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)。事靖還家,朝夕尋(xun)覓,痛不欲生。夜夢(meng)人(ren)告知所(suo)在(zai)(zai),時得二親尸(shi),舁以(yi)歸(gui)葬。道光十(shi)(shi)五(wu),請旌建(jian)坊(fang)。呂(lv)氏守節70余年(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)百有二,子(zi)孫皆列繆癢。前(qian)興(xing)郡知府(fu)仇效(xiao)忠為題坊(fang)聯,李氏一坊(fang)當屬"貞節坊(fang)",李氏另一坊(fang)上有"壬(ren)午科舉(ju)(ju)人(ren)揀(jian)選(xuan)知縣世愚侄高發奎頓(dun)拜"的楹(ying)聯落款(kuan)。兩坊(fang)分別建(jian)于清道光二年(nian)(nian)(公元1822年(nian)(nian))和道光十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(公元1835年(nian)(nian))。