芒果视频

遺址結構

新發(fa)現的(de)龍山(shan)文化(hua)城(cheng)址位于(yu)西(xi)(xi)金(jin)城(cheng)村中(zhong)東部，城(cheng)墻位于(yu)地表(biao)1.5米以下，殘高(gao)2～3米；城(cheng)墻寬在10～25米之間，系用較純凈(jing)的(de)褐色生(sheng)土(tu)拍打(da)筑成。西(xi)(xi)、南墻中(zhong)部可能有城(cheng)門(men)，北(bei)、東、南墻外側發(fa)現有小河或排水(shui)溝(gou)環繞形成的(de)防御壕溝(gou)。從城(cheng)墻及壕溝(gou)出(chu)土(tu)陶(tao)片判斷(duan)，該(gai)城(cheng)址應(ying)始建于(yu)河南龍山(shan)文化(hua)中(zhong)期(qi)，進入(ru)龍山(shan)晚期(qi)已經廢(fei)棄(qi)，距今4300年前后。

2008年1月26日《大河(he)報》報道在(zai)博(bo)愛縣發掘了西(xi)金城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻埋于地(di)下1.5米(mi)，殘高(gao)2-3米(mi)，面(mian)積達(da)30.8萬平方米(mi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址廢(fei)棄于龍(long)山(shan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)晚(wan)期(qi)，建筑年代應在(zai)龍(long)山(shan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)前后，距今4000多年。特別是發現(xian)(xian)(xian)了小麥(mai)、大豆等炭化(hua)遺存。這是在(zai)河(he)南境(jing)內的(de)龍(long)山(shan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺址中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)(xian)(xian)，對研究小麥(mai)在(zai)我國(guo)的(de)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)，傳播路線以及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地(di)區文(wen)(wen)(wen)明起源(yuan)階(jie)段的(de)人(ren)地(di)關系演變，具(ju)有(you)重要學術價值(zhi)。這座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址距南邊(bian)的(de)徐堡城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址僅 8公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，距西(xi)邊(bian)的(de)濟源(yuan)苗店(dian)遺址也只有(you) 40公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，是豫(yu)西(xi)北發現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)第3座同期(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址。

出土文物

在城址以外的(de)(de)(de)東南部，出土(tu)(tu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)文(wen)化(hua)完整或可(ke)復原陶器(qi)以及典型(xing)標本數(shu)百(bai)件(jian)(jian)，主要有陶罐、豆、壺、鬶、斝、觚、盆、雙(shuang)腹盆、刻(ke)槽盆、單(dan)耳杯(bei)和(he)鼎等(deng)，整體文(wen)化(hua)面貌屬于河南龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)文(wen)化(hua)(王灣三期文(wen)化(hua))的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)晚期。出土(tu)(tu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)時期各類(lei)石器(qi)200余(yu)件(jian)(jian)，主要為刀、鐮、鏟，另有少量斧、鏃、礪石和(he)石芯等(deng)，制作(zuo)較(jiao)(jiao)規整，但硬(ying)度和(he)質量較(jiao)(jiao)差。這些石器(qi)絕大(da)多(duo)數(shu)出自龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)時期的(de)(de)(de)沼澤相堆積中(zhong)(zhong)，沒有固(gu)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)出土(tu)(tu)遺(yi)(yi)跡，出土(tu)(tu)深(shen)度也深(shen)淺(qian)不(bu)一，應(ying)是(shi)在勞作(zuo)過程中(zhong)(zhong)就地(di)丟棄的(de)(de)(de)，這說明發掘區(qu)應(ying)是(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)人的(de)(de)(de)生產區(qu)。經過對龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)時期植物遺(yi)(yi)存的(de)(de)(de)鑒定(ding)分析(xi)，發現有粟(su)、黍、稻、小(xiao)麥和(he)大(da)豆等(deng)，其中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)麥是(shi)河南龍(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan)(shan)文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)址的(de)(de)(de)發現，對研究小(xiao)麥種植技術(shu)在中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播路線有重(zhong)大(da)學術(shu)價值。