文峰塔位于河南省(sheng)許(xu)昌博物館內,建于明萬歷四十二(er)(er)年(公元1614年),十三層,高五十二(er)(er)米,呈(cheng)平面八角形,造(zao)型精美、結(jie)構(gou)謹(jin)嚴,為(wei)河南省(sheng)二(er)(er)百座(zuo)明代磚塔之冠。"文峰聳秀"為(wei)許(xu)昌十景之一 。
2006年(nian)05月25日,許昌文峰(feng)塔作(zuo)為明代(dai)古建筑(zhu),被國務院批準列入第六批全國重點文物(wu)保護單位名單。
1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月,國(guo)家投資25萬元由(you)河南省古代建筑保護研究所對該塔進行測(ce)繪、維修。現塔前立有石碑(bei)三(san)通(tong),一通(tong)為明萬歷四(si)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1614年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))《文明塔賦》;一通(tong)為清康熙五十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1719年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))《重(zhong)修文明寺塔記》;一通(tong)為嘉慶(qing)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1809年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))《重(zhong)修文明寺釋迦文佛(fo)殿鰲頭觀音(yin)殿碑(bei)記》。
許昌文峰塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)平(ping)面呈八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing),為(wei)(wei)十(shi)三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)樓閣式磚(zhuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),通高49.536米(mi),由基(ji)(ji)(ji)臺、基(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)剎等(deng)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)臺為(wei)(wei)八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing),用(yong)條(tiao)磚(zhuan)平(ping)臥(wo)順砌而(er)成(cheng)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)為(wei)(wei)石質(zhi)八(ba)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)束(shu)腰須彌座(zuo),表面浮雕出(chu)(chu)(chu)連(lian)續性的仰(yang)覆瓣蓮(lian)和卷草花紋,玲瓏秀(xiu)麗。基(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)之南砌筑(zhu)有(you)(you)半(ban)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)如意踏跺(duo)。除(chu)第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)外,其他(ta)各層(ceng)(ceng)之面闊自下而(er)上逐層(ceng)(ceng)稍有(you)(you)收(shou)斂(lian),諸層(ceng)(ceng)高度均(jun)勻遞減。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)由外壁(bi)、回廊、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)心(xin)柱或塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)心(xin)室等(deng)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)組(zu)成(cheng),內外壁(bi)皆用(yong)青灰(hui)條(tiao)磚(zhuan)三(san)順一(yi)(yi)丁壘(lei)砌而(er)成(cheng)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)檐用(yong)仿(fang)木結(jie)構磚(zhuan)質(zhi)斗拱(gong)(gong)挑出(chu)(chu)(chu),斗拱(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)七踩出(chu)(chu)(chu)三(san)翹(qiao),巧妙地分(fen)(fen)配相(xiang)領各攢斗拱(gong)(gong)所施(shi)之正心(xin)瓜拱(gong)(gong)、廂拱(gong)(gong)及外拽(zhuai)瓜拱(gong)(gong),形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)規整有(you)(you)序的的布局。角(jiao)(jiao)科自坐斗斜出(chu)(chu)(chu)七踩三(san)翹(qiao)斗拱(gong)(gong)一(yi)(yi)縫。各翼角(jiao)(jiao)伸出(chu)(chu)(chu)石雕龍頭(tou)角(jiao)(jiao)梁,并用(yong)條(tiao)磚(zhuan)砌出(chu)(chu)(chu)生頭(tou)木,使翼角(jiao)(jiao)翹(qiao)起,各角(jiao)(jiao)懸掛風鐸(duo)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)四面均(jun)辟有(you)(you)半(ban)圓(yuan)拱(gong)(gong)券(quan)門窗,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)南面辟半(ban)圓(yuan)拱(gong)(gong)券(quan)門,門上嵌一(yi)(yi)長方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)石塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)銘,正中(zhong)陰刻“文筆聳秀(xiu)”四字,左上方(fang)豎刻有(you)(you)陰文“萬歷四十(shi)二年(nian)”字樣,第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)心(xin)室的藻井采用(yong)疊澀(se)磚(zhuan)層(ceng)(ceng),菱角(jiao)(jiao)牙(ya)子磚(zhuan)和磚(zhuan)制小拱(gong)(gong)頭(tou)相(xiang)間(jian)砌筑(zhu)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)內筑(zhu)盤旋的環形(xing)(xing)(xing)梯道,可登塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)(shen)之上置寶瓶狀塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)剎,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂天宮處置放有(you)(you)銅(tong)鏡一(yi)(yi)面,銅(tong)劍一(yi)(yi)把,于(yu)1994年(nian)8月維(wei)修(xiu)時發(fa)現(xian)。該塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)結(jie)構謹嚴,造型(xing)古樸,外形(xing)(xing)(xing)與開封(feng)宋祐(you)國(guo)(guo)寺塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)相(xiang)似。為(wei)(wei)河南省200多座(zuo)明代磚(zhuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)之冠,對(dui)研究中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古代建(jian)筑(zhu)史,具有(you)(you)重要價(jia)值。該塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)于(yu)清康熙、嘉慶,同治(zhi)年(nian)間(jian)多次維(wei)修(xiu)。
自塔基外壁向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)東延伸(shen)至100米(mi)處(chu)(chu),向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)西延伸(shen)84米(mi)至文峰路,向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)南(nan)延伸(shen)至100米(mi)處(chu)(chu),向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)北(bei)延伸(shen)至98米(mi)處(chu)(chu)。
建設控制(zhi)地帶:自(zi)保護范(fan)圍邊(bian)緣向東延伸130米(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)學院路西邊(bian)沿,向西延伸250米(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)六一(yi)路東邊(bian)沿,向南延伸130米(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)地方鐵路許昌車站廣場北側,向北延伸150米(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)文峰(feng)路、蓮城大道(dao)交(jiao)叉處。