簡介
蔡(cai)鍔故(gu)居(ju)(ju),蔡(cai)鍔故(gu)居(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)護國(guo)(guo)軍神蔡(cai)鍔將軍的(de)故(gu)居(ju)(ju),1882年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)18日(清光緒八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初九日)出生于此,也是蔡(cai)鍔童年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以及少年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在寶慶(qing)(qing)求學(xue)居(ju)(ju)住過的(de)地[6] 。位于湖南(nan)(nan)邵陽(yang)(yang)大祥區(qu)(qu)蔡(cai)鍔鄉(xiang)(xiang)蔡(cai)鍔村(原(yuan)湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)寶慶(qing)(qing)府邵陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)親(qin)睦鄉(xiang)(xiang)(也稱東(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang))蔣家(jia)沖,1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改為(wei)(wei)寶慶(qing)(qing)縣(xian)(xian)親(qin)睦鄉(xiang)(xiang)蔣家(jia)沖,1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改回邵陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)親(qin)睦鄉(xiang)(xiang)蔣家(jia)沖,1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)改為(wei)(wei)邵東(dong)市第三區(qu)(qu)蔣河橋(qiao)鄉(xiang)(xiang),1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue),劃(hua)為(wei)(wei)邵陽(yang)(yang)市郊區(qu)(qu)蔣河橋(qiao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue),改為(wei)(wei)邵陽(yang)(yang)市大祥區(qu)(qu)蔡(cai)鍔 。始(shi)建(jian)于清嘉慶(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)[3] ,房(fang)(fang)屋座東(dong)朝(chao)西,正房(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)闊3間(jian),正房(fang)(fang)民(min)(min)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)廳房(fang)(fang),左(zuo)右(you)側房(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)臥室,右(you)側搭偏房(fang)(fang)1間(jian),正前(qian)方有(you)檐(yan)(yan)木(mu)柱(zhu)過廊,總面(mian)(mian)闊15.7米(mi)(mi),進深8.3米(mi)(mi)。土磚砌(qi)(qi)墻,三合泥粉(fen)面(mian)(mian),屋頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)單檐(yan)(yan)懸山頂(ding),杉木(mu)檀條上鋪(pu)設松(song)木(mu)椽皮(寬10厘米(mi)(mi),厚2厘米(mi)(mi)),雙坡蓋有(you)小青(qing)瓦(wa)屋面(mian)(mian),小青(qing)瓦(wa)座正脊,三合土地面(mian)(mian),石砌(qi)(qi)散水(shui)臺階。房(fang)(fang)前(qian)有(you)一(yi)塊(kuai)200多平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)的(de)小草(cao)坪,草(cao)坪外(wai)置農田和500平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)的(de)停車場(chang),左(zuo)前(qian)方有(you)1口三角形小水(shui)塘,南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)400米(mi)(mi)處有(you)棗子山,東(dong)面(mian)(mian)是蔡(cai)家(jia)祖墳(fen)。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)被(bei)湖南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)人民(min)(min)政府公布(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)省(sheng)級重點文物(wu)保護單位,2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)公布(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)第六批全國(guo)(guo)重點文物(wu)保護單位。
蔡鍔公(gong)館(guan)位(wei)于(yu)湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)邵陽市洞口(kou)縣(xian)山(shan)門鎮回(hui)龍街拐(guai)角,秀云山(shan)西山(shan)腳,黃泥江北岸,沿著小巷(xiang)能(neng)通往秀云南(nan)岳廟以及洞口(kou)縣(xian)第(di)四中(zhong)學。原為(wei)(wei)“武安(an)宮”,始建(jian)于(yu)清康熙21年(1682)。蔡鍔公(gong)館(guan)座東北朝(chao)西南(nan),磚(zhuan)木結(jie)構,前后(hou)三進(jin),各面(mian)闊(kuo)五(wu)間(jian),進(jin)深二(er)間(jian),占地面(mian)積(ji)1300平方(fang)米。第(di)一(yi)進(jin)牌樓與戲(xi)樓合建(jian)一(yi)起,正面(mian)磚(zhuan)筑牌門,石灰抹面(mian),疊氏檐口(kou),飾工(gong)筆彩繪,大門石刻對聯“修文演(yan)武又能(neng)手,護國倒袁一(yi)偉人”。門上方(fang)楷書浮塑(su)“蔡鍔公(gong)館(guan)”四個(ge)大字。牌樓分上下二(er)層(ceng),左(zuo)邊(bian)樓系(xi)當年蔡鍔的(de)臥室兼書房(fang),底層(ceng)系(xi)蔡鍔父母的(de)寢室,右邊(bian)二(er)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)當年蔡家(jia)蒸(zheng)酒(jiu)打豆腐的(de)作坊。戲(xi)樓于(yu)1945年燒毀。原二(er)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)禮堂,后(hou)修為(wei)(wei)木質結(jie)構走馬(ma)廊二(er)層(ceng)樓房(fang)。第(di)三進(jin)為(wei)(wei)神(shen)主(zhu)堂,祀有蔡公(gong)塑(su)像,屋(wu)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)單檐硬山(shan),蓋小青(qing)瓦。1997年被公(gong)布(bu)為(wei)(wei)湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)愛國主(zhu)義教(jiao)育基地,是(shi)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)重點文物保護單位(wei)。
蔡(cai)鍔墓(mu)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)岳麓山(shan)黃興(xing)墓(mu)正(zheng)下方(fang)、麓山(shan)寺后(hou)上(shang)方(fang)的山(shan)坡上(shang),1917年(nian)4月12日自(zi)日本歸葬(zang)于(yu)此。占地1620平方(fang)米。墓(mu)由冢、碑、石(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)器(qi)等組(zu)成。墓(mu)地周(zhou)圍筑有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)階,廣植(zhi)松(song)柏、香樟(zhang)。墓(mu)前左右(you)有(you)高大石(shi)(shi)(shi)級導人(ren)墓(mu)坪。冢以花崗(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)砌成,上(shang)為(wei)花崗(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑,碑高約6米,成四棱(leng)形,通(tong)(tong)高7米。碑正(zheng)面嵌銅板(ban),上(shang)刻“蔡(cai)公松(song)坡之(zhi)墓(mu)”。墓(mu)周(zhou)嵌漢白(bai)玉或青石(shi)(shi)(shi)24塊,上(shang)刻當時湖(hu)(hu)南、湖(hu)(hu)北、江西(xi)、貴州、廣西(xi)、廣東(dong)、熱河、察哈(ha)爾等省軍政首(shou)腦撰寫之(zhi)銘文和挽詩(shi)。墓(mu)前置石(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)桌(zhuo)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)香爐、石(shi)(shi)(shi)鼓。墓(mu)坪右(you)側(ce)通(tong)(tong)道兩邊(bian),兩棵(ke)高大古(gu)楓(feng)肅立。麓山(shan)寺一側(ce)有(you)蔡(cai)鍔墓(mu)廬,門(men)懸孫中山(shan)挽聯:“平生慷(kang)慨班都(dou)護,萬(wan)里間(jian)關(guan)馬伏彼。”白(bai)鶴(he)泉下蔡(cai)鍔墓(mu)廬,有(you)介紹(shao)他生平事(shi)跡的文物(wu)圖片(pian)。整個墓(mu)區為(wei)古(gu)楓(feng)、松(song)、柏掩映(ying),1956年(nian)湖(hu)(hu)南省人(ren)民(min)委員會公布列為(wei)省級文物(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)(wei)。