芒果视频

一.產品介紹

血桃外(wai)表是暗紅(hong)色毛毛糙(cao)糙(cao)的(de)(de)(de)沒什(shen)么看頭(tou)。個頭(tou)也(ye)不大(da)，頭(tou)有點尖(jian)尖(jian)的(de)(de)(de)。可(ke)是一(yi)口咬開里(li)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)瓤是血絲般的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)，就像身體上的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)色血管，一(yi)根根 ，連汁水(shui)都是血紅(hong)色。那么的(de)(de)(de)濃烈、沁入(ru)心(xin)脾(pi)。這種桃子叫做(zuo)“血桃”。

形態特征

血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)荔波血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)，色(se)澤鮮艷(yan)、口(kou)感(gan)爽脆、果(guo)肉(rou)呈鮮紅色(se)，品德(de)(de)上乘。紫血(xue)桃(tao)(tao)月15日成熟，單果(guo)重250克，最大500克，果(guo)近(jin)圓形，果(guo)面紫紅色(se)，果(guo)肉(rou)鮮紅色(se)，其汁如血(xue)，含糖(tang)14%，甜(tian)酸可口(kou)，風味精美(mei)，品德(de)(de)上等，較(jiao)耐儲運，可自然貯存7-10天。不裂(lie)果(guo)，豐收性強。

營養價值

血(xue)桃(tao)的(de)養分(fen)價值血(xue)桃(tao)有補益(yi)氣血(xue)，養陰生津的(de)作用(yong)(yong)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)大病之后，氣血(xue)虧虛(xu)，面黃肌瘦，心悸氣短者；

血(xue)(xue)(xue)桃的含(han)鐵量(liang)較高(gao)，是缺鐵性貧血(xue)(xue)(xue)病人(ren)(ren)的理想幫(bang)助(zhu)(zhu)食(shi)物；血(xue)(xue)(xue)桃含(han)鉀多，含(han)鈉少，合適水(shui)腫(zhong)病人(ren)(ren)食(shi)用(yong)(yong)；血(xue)(xue)(xue)桃仁(ren)有活血(xue)(xue)(xue)化淤，潤(run)腸通便作用(yong)(yong)，可用(yong)(yong)于閉經(jing)跌打損傷等(deng)幫(bang)助(zhu)(zhu)治療；血(xue)(xue)(xue)桃仁(ren)提取物有抗(kang)凝血(xue)(xue)(xue)作用(yong)(yong)，并能克(ke)制(zhi)咳(ke)嗽中樞而止咳(ke)，同時能使血(xue)(xue)(xue)壓降落(luo)，可用(yong)(yong)于高(gao)血(xue)(xue)(xue)壓病人(ren)(ren)的幫(bang)助(zhu)(zhu)治療。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1 土(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況 熊背地處魯(lu)(lu)(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)南(nan)部，位于(yu)(yu)伏(fu)牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)麓(lu)與平(ping)原交界(jie)地帶(dai)，地貌屬(shu)淺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵到高山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的過渡地帶(dai)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)川縱(zong)橫，以中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為主(zhu)，海拔(ba)150-620米(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)間，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)海拔(ba)200米(mi)。最(zui)高主(zhu)峰是大石(shi)垛，海拔(ba)620米(mi)，最(zui)低是龍泉寺瀼河(he)(he)河(he)(he)底，海拔(ba)150米(mi)，整體地勢西(xi)高東(dong)低。土(tu)壤(rang)類型包括石(shi)質土(tu)和粗骨土(tu)兩類，部分淺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵地帶(dai)有(you)(you)(you)黃棕壤(rang)土(tu)，據縣(xian)土(tu)肥站測定土(tu)壤(rang)有(you)(you)(you)機質含(han)量(liang)0.83%、全(quan)(quan)氮0.078%、有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)磷25.98ppm、速效(xiao)鉀(jia)95ppm，pH值5.6-6.8，鐵含(han)量(liang)47.83ppm，土(tu)壤(rang)通透(tou)性(xing)好，無污(wu)染源，非常適合(he)血桃生長。 2.2 水(shui)(shui)文情況 境內水(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu)。熊背鄉(xiang)屬(shu)魯(lu)(lu)(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)降(jiang)雨中(zhong)心之(zhi)(zhi)一，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)年(nian)降(jiang)雨量(liang)在(zai)950mm，全(quan)(quan)鄉(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)主(zhu)要河(he)(he)流2條，其(qi)中(zhong)包括瀼河(he)(he)、草店河(he)(he)，全(quan)(quan)長29公(gong)里(li)，另有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)珂(ke)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、陰司(si)溝水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、響潭(tan)溝水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、里(li)溝水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)總儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)64萬立方米(mi)。 2.3 氣候情況 魯(lu)(lu)(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)熊背鄉(xiang)屬(shu)暖溫帶(dai)大陸(lu)性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)氣候，晝夜溫差較大，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫14.8℃，光照(zhao)(zhao)充足，年(nian)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)數在(zai)2068小(xiao)時(shi)左右，日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)率47%，無霜期為220天，適合(he)于(yu)(yu)桃樹 種植。冬季(ji)不甚冷， 春季(ji)回溫快(kuai)，6、7、8月(yue)份氣溫較高，氣溫日(ri)較差大，有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)干物質積累，果品(pin)品(pin)質優良。

三.地域范圍

“大年溝血桃”農產品地理標(biao)志(zhi)登記地域(yu)保(bao)護，魯(lu)山縣熊背(bei)鄉(xiang)大年溝、寶山、南(nan)(nan)子(zi)營、大麥(mai)王、草店、熊背(bei)、老廟莊(zhuang)、宿王店、黃土嶺、月明石(shi)、桃園溝、交口等12個行政村，地理坐標(biao)為東經(jing)112°45′至112°49′，北緯33°36′至33°41′，東西(xi)寬5.8公里，南(nan)(nan)北長9.8公里，適宜(yi)血桃生產面積約(yue)3.5萬畝，產量52500噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在(zai)感官特征 “大年溝(gou)血桃(tao)”果(guo)形圓(yuan)正，紅若丹霞，果(guo)肉、果(guo)核容易分(fen)離，富含深紅似血的果(guo)肉 ，食之綿軟香甜，回味悠長。 4.2 內在(zai)品(pin)質指標 據(ju)農(nong)業部農(nong)產品(pin)質量檢測檢驗鑒定中心（鄭州(zhou)）檢測：每100g “大年溝(gou)血桃(tao)”中可溶(rong)性固形物(wu)含量為11～13.5g；維生素(su)C 7.24～7.41㎎；鉀169～190㎎；鈣6.32～7.45mg。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園(yuan)地(di)選(xuan)擇(ze) 大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)血(xue)桃產(chan)地(di)應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石質(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、粗(cu)骨土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)河(he)谷中由山(shan)(shan)體沖積而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)棕壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，盡可(ke)(ke)能有(you)灌溉(gai)條件、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)，無(wu)污(wu)染源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)建園(yuan)。產(chan)地(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)NY5013—2006 無(wu)公害(hai)(hai)(hai)食品(pin)(pin)(pin) 林果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)(lei)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)地(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。 3.2 苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)繁育 3.2.1 品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze) 大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)血(xue)桃是地(di)方(fang)傳統品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)純正、無(wu)變異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。 3.2.2 砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)選(xuan)擇(ze) 應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)當(dang)地(di)山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)毛桃做砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu) 。野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)毛桃根系發(fa)(fa)(fa)達，抗(kang)逆性(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)，抗(kang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)，親和(he)(he)(he)(he)力(li)強(qiang)(qiang)，是繁育血(xue)桃苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必選(xuan)砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)。 3.2.3 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 3.2.3.1播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian) 大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)血(xue)桃以(yi)秋季(ji)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。秋播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)11月(yue)(yue)份或(huo)(huo)(huo)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)結(jie)(jie)(jie)凍(dong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3月(yue)(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)解(jie)凍(dong)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。 3.2.3.2 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa) 秋播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)純度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)95％以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)90％以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中浸泡2～3d，按寬(kuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)60㎝～80㎝，窄(zhai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)20㎝～25㎝，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)距(ju)15㎝播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，溝(gou)深4㎝～5㎝左右(you)，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)覆土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、耙平(ping)。春(chun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)100-120d，先將種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸泡2～3d，然后(hou)(hou)埋入含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率12％～15％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)沙中沙藏(zang)，沙藏(zang)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)2℃～7℃。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)同(tong)秋播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。 3.2.3.3 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang) 留(liu)(liu)(liu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)0.7萬株(zhu)(zhu)／667m2左右(you)，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)50㎏～60㎏／667㎡。 3.2.4 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)管理(li) 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)保(bao)持土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)疏(shu)(shu)松無(wu)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)(su)6㎏～8㎏／667㎡。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長季(ji)可(ke)(ke)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)噴(pen)(pen)藥(yao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)300倍(bei)尿素(su)(su)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶液(ye)(ye)2～3次(ci)。  3.2.5嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)   3.2.5.1 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)方(fang)法(fa) 大(da)(da)(da)年(nian)(nian)溝(gou)血(xue)桃采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)丁字(zi)(zi)形(xing)(xing)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)法(fa)或(huo)(huo)(huo)帶(dai)木(mu)質(zhi)部(bu)(bu) 芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)法(fa)嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)。 3.2.5.2 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian) 一(yi)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)，芽(ya)(ya)(ya)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)二(er)年(nian)(nian) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)份嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)。 3.2.5.3接(jie)(jie)穗(sui)(sui)選(xuan)擇(ze) 選(xuan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)純正，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長健壯，無(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)豐產(chan)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)作采(cai)(cai)(cai)穗(sui)(sui)母(mu)株(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)母(mu)株(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)已木(mu)質(zhi)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)新梢(shao)中部(bu)(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條做接(jie)(jie)穗(sui)(sui)，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)去葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片，留(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)柄(bing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)濕(shi)布包(bao)好備用(yong)(yong)(yong)。 3.2.6 嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)后(hou)(hou)管理(li) 芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)后(hou)(hou)7～10d檢查成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)率，未成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)補接(jie)(jie)。一(yi)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)接(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)后(hou)(hou)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)除(chu)萌(meng)(meng)。芽(ya)(ya)(ya)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)二(er)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)嫁(jia)(jia)接(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)活(huo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)于翌春(chun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)0.5㎝處(chu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)，促其(qi)接(jie)(jie)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)萌(meng)(meng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)，砧(zhen)(zhen)木(mu)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)萌(meng)(meng)。剪(jian)(jian)(jian)砧(zhen)(zhen)后(hou)(hou)，追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)尿素(su)(su)15㎏～20㎏／667㎡，并及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、松土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)墑。8～9月(yue)(yue)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)300倍(bei)磷酸(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶液(ye)(ye)1～2次(ci)。并注意及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、螨(man)(man)類(lei)(lei)、潛(qian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)蛾、金龜(gui)子(zi)、白粉(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)木(mu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)。     3.3 建園(yuan)   3.3.1 園(yuan)地(di)整(zheng)(zheng)理(li) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內選(xuan)擇(ze)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)pH值6.0～7.0，排灌良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坡地(di)或(huo)(huo)(huo)河(he)谷平(ping)地(di)建園(yuan)。丘陵(ling)坡地(di)應(ying)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)梯田整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)坑客土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)方(fang)法(fa)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)。   3.3.2 定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) 栽植(zhi)根據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)式而(er)定(ding)(ding)。一(yi)般自(zi)然開(kai)心(xin)(xin)型整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽植(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)株(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距(ju)3m×4m,每畝(mu)55株(zhu)(zhu)；Y字(zi)(zi)形(xing)(xing)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽植(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)3m×2m，每畝(mu)110株(zhu)(zhu)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)型整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)栽植(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)2m×1m，每畝(mu)330株(zhu)(zhu)。 3.4 整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 3.4.1 整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing) 3.4.1.1 自(zi)然開(kai)心(xin)(xin)形(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)50cm-60cm，選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)3個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布錯落(luo)有(you)致(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)向不(bu)要(yao)正南；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)40o～70o；每個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置(zhi)2個(ge)～3個(ge)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈順向排列，側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)張(zhang)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)70o左右(you)。 3.4.1.2 Y字(zi)(zi)形(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)40cm～50cm，選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)2個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)直接(jie)(jie)培(pei)養(yang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.4.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)形(xing)(xing) 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)基(ji)部(bu)(bu)60cm以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)，不(bu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組. 3.4.2.1 冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 對(dui)于自(zi)然開(kai)心(xin)(xin)形(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)Y字(zi)(zi)形(xing)(xing)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing) 重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)培(pei)養(yang)骨干(gan)(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)養(yang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)。對(dui)先端生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長勢強(qiang)(qiang)，角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)開(kai)張(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，要(yao)拉開(kai)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)直立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放不(bu)短裁。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)形(xing)(xing)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)粗(cu)壯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、直立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、密(mi)(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每株(zhu)(zhu)均(jun)勻留(liu)(liu)(liu)取(qu)帶(dai)有(you)花(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)。 3.4.2.2 夏季(ji)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)落(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，抹除(chu)根頸和(he)(he)(he)(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)無(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萌(meng)(meng)蘗，定(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)密(mi)(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、竟爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、旺枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)摘心(xin)(xin)、扭(niu)梢(shao)、拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、控(kong)制(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)附(fu)近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)內膛萌(meng)(meng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 　 3.5 肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)　　 3.5.1 基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou)(hou)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)農(nong)事清(qing)(qing)園(yuan)深翻(fan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)施(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，每株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30㎏。　　 3.5.2 追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 分(fen)(fen)(fen)三次(ci)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2月(yue)(yue)中旬(xun)開(kai)花(hua)前(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)個(ge)月(yue)(yue)，每株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1㎏；在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)，對(dui)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，每株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)0.4—0.6㎏； 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)至(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)旬(xun)每株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)鉀(jia)（硫(liu)酸(suan)鉀(jia)型）復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)0.5-0.8㎏。 3.5.3 葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面噴(pen)(pen)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)膨大(da)(da)(da)期(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收前(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)鈣(gai)爾美、磷酸(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)每隔(ge)10d噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)次(ci)，提高(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、糖(tang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貯藏(zang)性(xing)能。 3.6 疏(shu)(shu)花(hua)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 血(xue)桃果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)個(ge)較小(xiao)，為(wei)了(le)保(bao)證果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，必須進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)花(hua)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，開(kai)花(hua)前(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)(shu)蕾，每節留(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)個(ge)花(hua)蕾，其(qi)余的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)去。落(luo)花(hua)后(hou)(hou)15～30d內進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)第一(yi)次(ci)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中上(shang)(shang)(shang)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長形(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、好果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)小(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、無(wu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、朝(chao)天(tian)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)畸(ji)形(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50—60%；花(hua)后(hou)(hou)50d進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)第二(er)次(ci)疏(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，一(yi)般長果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)3～4個(ge)，中果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)2～3個(ge)，短果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)1～2個(ge) 果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.7 樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)為(wei)抑制(zhi)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)提高(gao)(gao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，要(yao)求(qiu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)白三葉(xie)(xie)(xie)草(cao)(cao)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)盤內覆蓋(gai)作物(wu)(wu)秸(jie)桿或(huo)(huo)(huo)薄(bo)膜。 3.8 病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)有(you)縮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)，瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、食心(xin)(xin)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，介殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、紅蜘蛛(zhu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。 3.8.2 防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原則(ze) 堅(jian)(jian)持“預防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)保(bao)方(fang)針， 綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物(wu)(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi)(shi)，盡可(ke)(ke)能不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)少(shao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua) 學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)農(nong)藥(yao)只有(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)可(ke)(ke)能大(da)(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)大(da)(da)(da)流(liu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)有(you)限制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.8.3 農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)抗(kang)性(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良砧(zhen)(zhen)建園(yuan)；強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)整(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，保(bao)持良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通風透光條件，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)負載(zai)，保(bao)持健壯樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢，提高(gao)(gao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體抗(kang)性(xing)；冬(dong)(dong)春(chun)刮除(chu)老(lao)翹皮(pi)、腐(fu)爛(lan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)斑，徹底(di)清(qing)(qing)園(yuan)、減少(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)接(jie)(jie)近封(feng)凍(dong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)深翻(fan)，凍(dong)死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春(chun)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)膜覆蓋(gai)，阻(zu)隔(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)；晚(wan)秋樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)綁草(cao)(cao)環(huan)(huan)，誘(you)(you)集病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏(zang)身越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)集中燒毀，減少(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)基(ji)數。 3.8.4 物(wu)(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根據(ju)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)特性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)桃樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)4、5月(yue)(yue)份采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)糖(tang)醋液(ye)(ye)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月(yue)(yue)份以(yi)后(hou)(hou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)黑光燈(deng)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)頻(pin)振式殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)掛豌豆秧、蓋(gai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)法(fa)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)和(he)(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.8.5 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通過保(bao)護(hu)瓢(piao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小(xiao)花(hua)蝽、草(cao)(cao)蛉、食蚜(ya)(ya)蠅(ying)、捕食螨(man)(man)等(deng)(deng)(deng)天(tian)敵，控(kong)制(zhi)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)螨(man)(man)、潛(qian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)蛾等(deng)(deng)(deng)自(zi)然天(tian)敵人(ren)工引移(yi)、繁殖釋放害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天(tian)敵（生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)導彈等(deng)(deng)(deng)）；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)養(yang)雞或(huo)(huo)(huo)招引益鳥啄食害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)益微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)代(dai)謝(xie)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如(ru)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)外激素(su)(su)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.8.6 化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根據(ju)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)特性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)為(wei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)特點(dian)(dian)，提倡使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)藥(yao)、礦物(wu)(wu)源農(nong)藥(yao)（如(ru)石硫(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)硫(liu)懸浮劑(ji)），禁止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒、高(gao)(gao)毒、高(gao)(gao)殘留(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)致(zhi)(zhi)畸(ji)、致(zhi)(zhi)癌、致(zhi)(zhi)突變農(nong)藥(yao)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)農(nong)藥(yao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格按照《GB/T 8321 （所有(you)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)）農(nong)藥(yao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。 3.8.7 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.8.7.1 桃瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing) 從萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收前(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%多(duo)菌(jun)(jun)靈可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)500倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)15d. 3.8.7.2 桃縮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing) 從萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)始(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5%多(duo)抗(kang)霉(mei)素(su)(su)可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)300倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)70%甲基(ji)托布津可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)100倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.8.7.3 桃蚜(ya)(ya) 從萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套袋前(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.36%苦(ku)參堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)1000倍(bei)～2000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)3000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.8.7.4 葉(xie)(xie)(xie)螨(man)(man) 從萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收前(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨(man)(man)克水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)5000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%阿維菌(jun)(jun)素(su)(su)5000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)(huo)(huo)14d。 3.8.7.5 蚧殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 謝(xie)花(hua)后(hou)(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃白蚧、朝(chao)鮮球堅(jian)(jian)蚧 用(yong)(yong)(yong)10%吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)3000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石硫(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，如(ru)嚴(yan)重(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)7d后(hou)(hou)再噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)次(ci)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)中下(xia)旬(xun)桑白蚧若蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)孵化(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)(ke)噴(pen)(pen)布撲(pu)虱靈、氯(lv)氰(qing)菊酯等(deng)(deng)(deng)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)劑(ji)，兼(jian)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)鮮球堅(jian)(jian)蚧。 3.8.7.6 食心(xin)(xin)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 從落(luo)花(hua)開(kai)始(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)膨大(da)(da)(da)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)被害(hai)(hai)(hai)梢(shao)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)噴(pen)(pen)布氯(lv)氰(qing)菊酯、溴氰(qing)菊酯防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.9 果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收和(he)(he)(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li) 　　根據(ju)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)熟度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)市場需求(qiu)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)確(que)定(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收適期(qi)(qi)(qi)。成(cheng)(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)一(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)分(fen)(fen)(fen)期(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，輕拿輕放。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)立即按要(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)挑(tiao)選(xuan)、包(bao)裝(zhuang)，包(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)(jie)、牢固、無(wu)污(wu)染、無(wu)異味，包(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國家有(you)關標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)規定(ding)(ding)，編上(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)記(ji)，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)組織(zhi)調(diao)運至(zhi)(zhi)銷售市場或(huo)(huo)(huo)貯存地(di)。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包(bao)(bao)裝主要(yao)采用箱(xiang)式包(bao)(bao)裝，包(bao)(bao)裝材料必須(xu)符合(he)國家強制性技術規范要(yao)求。產(chan)(chan)品有(you)明確標(biao)簽(qian)，內容包(bao)(bao)括： 產(chan)(chan)品名稱(cheng)、商標(biao)、產(chan)(chan)品執行(xing)標(biao)準、生產(chan)(chan)者及詳細地址、凈含(han)量及包(bao)(bao)裝日期，字跡清(qing)晰、完整、準確。