通(tong)化蝲(la)蛄河濕地公(gong)園(yuan)位(wei)于通(tong)化縣(xian)西北部四棚(peng)鄉和英額(e)布鎮境(jing)內,地理(li)坐標(biao)為東經(jing)125°23′24″--125°37′02″,北緯41°43′44″--41°55′50″之(zhi)間,濕地公(gong)園(yuan)南北最大長度22.8公(gong)里(li),東西最大寬度19.6公(gong)里(li),濕地公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面積2055公(gong)頃(qing),其中永(yong)久性河流(liu)濕地公(gong)園(yuan)境(jing)內蝲(la)蛄河長約25.4公(gong)里(li)流(liu)域(yu)面積為84公(gong)頃(qing);森林沼澤53.2公(gong)頃(qing);灌叢沼澤22.4公(gong)頃(qing);距通(tong)化縣(xian)城(cheng)23公(gong)里(li)。
蝲(la)蛄河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園分(fen)(fen)為(wei)8種(zhong)類(lei)型,分(fen)(fen)別屬(shu)于天然濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)和人工濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)分(fen)(fen)布兩(liang)大(da)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)系統。有(you)(you)永(yong)久(jiu)性(xing)河流、洪(hong)泛平源濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、森林(lin)沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、灌叢沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、草本(ben)沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、庫塘(tang)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、坑塘(tang)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)、稻(dao)田濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)等,主要土(tu)(tu)類(lei)有(you)(you)灰棕壤(rang)、白(bai)漿土(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)、沖積土(tu)(tu)、沼澤土(tu)(tu)、泥炭土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)、石(shi)質土(tu)(tu)、石(shi)灰巖土(tu)(tu)等;蝲(la)蛄河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園保(bao)護區野(ye)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)共計4門122科665種(zhong),其中(zhong),屬(shu)于國家(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)紅松、黃(huang)檗、紫椴、水(shui)曲柳、野(ye)大(da)豆等5種(zhong)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園內野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)6綱33目71科,其中(zhong)屬(shu)于國家(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)水(shui)獺、青鼬、鴛鴦、黃(huang)嘴白(bai)鷺、黑鳶、花尾榛雞,植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)為(wei)主,包(bao)括東北~華北植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)、溫帶(dai)亞(ya)洲(zhou)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)、東亞(ya)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)及世界(jie)(jie)廣(guang)布種(zhong)。如東北-華北植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)紫椴、胡桃楸等;溫帶(dai)亞(ya)洲(zhou)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)榆樹、色木槭等;東亞(ya)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)成分(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)蒙古櫟(li)、大(da)葉柴胡等;世界(jie)(jie)廣(guang)布種(zhong)有(you)(you)苔草屬(shu)、香蒲屬(shu)、眼子菜屬(shu)等。
濕地公園保護區(qu)域(yu)內獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)濕地生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)森林生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統,使區(qu)內的(de)(de)(de)珍貴、瀕危、稀有野生動植物得到永久保護及種(zhong)群數(shu)量的(de)(de)(de)恢(hui)復和(he)擴大,保護鳥(niao)類和(he)棲息(xi)地及生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道,使整個區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統步(bu)入良性循環(huan)軌道,確(que)保飲水水源(yuan)充足(zu)和(he)良好的(de)(de)(de)水質(zhi),滿足(zu)工農(nong)業(ye)生產需要(yao),是集生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保護、科研教(jiao)(jiao)學、科普宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)、生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)旅游(you)等(deng)功(gong)能于(yu)一體的(de)(de)(de)綜合性自然(ran)保護區(qu),對保護區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境,促(cu)進區(qu)域(yu)經濟社會和(he)自然(ran)環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)可持續發(fa)展將起到至關重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong),結合吉林通化蝲(la)蛄(gu)河國家濕地公園的(de)(de)(de)性質(zhi)定位(wei)和(he)未來(lai)發(fa)展戰(zhan)略,濕地公園規劃分區(qu)為濕地保育區(qu)、恢(hui)復重建區(qu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)展示區(qu)、合理利用(yong)區(qu)、管(guan)理服(fu)務區(qu)等(deng)5個功(gong)能區(qu)。
吉林(lin)(lin)通(tong)(tong)化(hua)蝲(la)(la)蛄(gu)(gu)河濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)保護區(qu)(qu)成立以來,通(tong)(tong)化(hua)縣委、縣政(zheng)府高(gao)度重視,批(pi)準成立了(le)通(tong)(tong)化(hua)蝲(la)(la)蛄(gu)(gu)河濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)管理(li)中心(xin),縣級事業單(dan)位,行(xing)政(zheng)事業經(jing)(jing)費納入地(di)(di)方財政(zheng),保證了(le)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)各項工作(zuo)的(de)順利開展(zhan);制定(ding)頒發了(le)《吉林(lin)(lin)蝲(la)(la)蛄(gu)(gu)河濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)保護區(qu)(qu)管理(li)辦法(fa)》,并保證每年投入一定(ding)經(jing)(jing)費開展(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建設項目工作(zuo),積極開展(zhan)了(le)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保護科學研(yan)究和(he)(he)調查監測(ce)工作(zuo),有(you)力促進了(le)建設和(he)(he)管理(li)水平的(de)提高(gao)。目前,蝲(la)(la)蛄(gu)(gu)河河段(duan)大壩(ba)兩側面貌(mao)煥然一新,大壩(ba)兩側濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)退耕還濕(shi)(shi)的(de)趨勢(shi)得(de)到(dao)有(you)效控制,森林(lin)(lin)資(zi)源得(de)到(dao)有(you)效保護,野生動植物種群得(de)到(dao)恢(hui)復與(yu)發展(zhan),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保護區(qu)(qu)周邊(bian)社區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)廣大公(gong)眾生態保護意識明顯增強,各項工作(zuo)逐步走(zou)向了(le)法(fa)制化(hua)、規范化(hua)的(de)健康發展(zhan)軌道。
通(tong)(tong)化蝲蛄河濕(shi)(shi)地公園的建設,發展生態旅(lv)游(you)等特色產(chan)業,有利于帶動當地第三(san)產(chan)業的發展,促(cu)進區域(yu)經(jing)濟發展。同時(shi),通(tong)(tong)過濕(shi)(shi)地公園的建設,充分發揮(hui)濕(shi)(shi)地資源蓄(xu)洪防旱、調節氣候、凈化水質、豐富濕(shi)(shi)地生物多(duo)樣性等功能,促(cu)進整個區域(yu)環境的改善和(he)(he)維護,從而產(chan)生不(bu)可估量的間接經(jing)濟效益(yi),生態和(he)(he)社(she)會效益(yi)顯(xian)著,經(jing)濟上亦將(jiang)產(chan)生巨大的價值。