清江(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)濕地公(gong)(gong)園地處洪江(jiang)市(shi)西南部,以清江(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)(原托口庫區(qu)(qu))為主體,以環湖(hu)(hu)公(gong)(gong)路為邊界,總面積4.5萬余畝,其中(zhong)濕地面積3.6萬多畝。濕地公(gong)(gong)園規劃建設5大功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu),即濕地保(bao)育區(qu)(qu)、濕地恢復重建區(qu)(qu)、濕地宣教展示區(qu)(qu)、合理利用區(qu)(qu)、管(guan)理服務區(qu)(qu)。
地(di)處湖南(nan)省西部,洪江(jiang)市境內(nei)西南(nan)角;云(yun)貴(gui)高原向(xiang)江(jiang)南(nan)丘(qiu)陵過渡地(di)帶(dai);湘西與(yu)黔(qian)東南(nan)交(jiao)界地(di)。該區域,在全(quan)國(guo)生(sheng)態(tai)功能區劃中,定位(wei)為(wei)典型亞熱帶(dai)生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣型保(bao)護(hu)區,長江(jiang)流域水土保(bao)質,水源涵養及生(sheng)態(tai)安全(quan)屏障功能區。其(qi)生(sheng)態(tai)區位(wei)十分(fen)重要。濕(shi)地(di)公園建設也是(shi)大湘西生(sheng)態(tai)文化旅(lv)游圈發展的重點內(nei)容之一,對于弘(hong)揚濕(shi)地(di)文化,建設生(sheng)態(tai)文明具有顯著(zhu)意義。
清江(jiang)湖(hu)(hu),又稱“小洞庭”,環境優(you)美,資(zi)源豐富,是沅(yuan)江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)及湘(xiang)西南較大的人工湖(hu)(hu)和飲用水(shui)源地(di),為懷(huai)化地(di)區乃至湖(hu)(hu)南用水(shui)安(an)全提(ti)供(gong)重要保(bao)障。
濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)以清江湖(hu)為主體(ti),以環湖(hu)公路為邊境,地(di)(di)(di)理(li)坐標為東經109°31′49″—109°40′53″,北(bei)緯(wei)27°04′39″—27°09′28″,東西長14.95千米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬8.92千米(mi),擬建湖(hu)南(nan)洪江清江湖(hu)國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)。總面積3006.5公頃,其中濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)面積2458.4公頃,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)率(lv)81.77%。分布有河流(liu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和人(ren)工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)兩個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)類,永久性河流(liu),洪泛型濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di),庫塘(tang)(tang)和稻田四個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)型,其主體(ti)為庫塘(tang)(tang),是典(dian)型的庫塘(tang)(tang)型濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)。
濕地公園處于沅水(shui)與渠水(shui)交界(jie)處,是湖南第二(er)大水(shui)系沅水(shui)上游,水(shui)量(liang)充沛,濕地公園內(nei)生物(wu)資源豐富,有(you)維管植物(wu)161科(ke)(ke)535屬(shu)815種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)濕地植物(wu)77科(ke)(ke)182屬(shu)235種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)國(guo)家二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)保護植物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);濕地現集中(zhong)有(you)野生脊椎動物(wu)5綱27目(mu)74科(ke)(ke)199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)魚類4目(mu)9科(ke)(ke)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類13目(mu)38科(ke)(ke)102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)國(guo)家二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)保護動物(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列入《瀕臨(lin)動植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際(ji)貿易公約》的物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園內山水(shui)(shui)相依,水(shui)(shui)天(tian)一色(se),歷史文(wen)化源遠流長,航運與稻都(dou)文(wen)化底(di)蘊(yun)深厚。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園所在(zai)地(di)(di)千年古鎮--托口鎮,自古以來也是(shi)中(zhong)國中(zhong)西(xi)(xi)部地(di)(di)區進入(ru)大西(xi)(xi)南的水(shui)(shui)陸(lu)交(jiao)通咽喉,上(shang)達云貴,下(xia)通洞庭,長江;公(gong)園下(xia)游(you)有全國保存較為完好的明清古城(cheng)之一黔陽古城(cheng),唐代詩人王(wang)昌(chang)齡曾(ceng)在(zai)城(cheng)中(zhong)芙蓉樓留下(xia)了“一片冰心在(zai)玉壺(hu)”的千古絕唱;濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園周(zhou)邊,作為中(zhong)國稻都(dou)文(wen)化的發(fa)源地(di)(di)之一,其野生香(xiang)米曾(ceng)被列入(ru)薦(jian)京貢(gong)品還是(shi)中(zhong)國秈型雜交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)稻發(fa)源地(di)(di),袁(yuan)隆平曾(ceng)在(zai)此成功研制出秈型雜交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)稻。
“五十里水(shui)亞(ya)洞庭,春暖花開觀清江(jiang),千年古鎮(zhen)隱湖底,芙蓉樓下送辛(xin)漸。”豐富(fu)的(de)(de)資(zi)源,優美的(de)(de)景觀,深厚(hou)的(de)(de)文化(hua),為濕地公園的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)打下了堅(jian)實的(de)(de)基礎。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)將以(yi)(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)恢復(fu)(fu)為主(zhu)要(yao)目(mu)標,同時(shi),積(ji)(ji)(ji)極開展(zhan)(zhan)科(ke)學(xue)研究,科(ke)普教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)和(he)合理(li)利用(yong)資源(yuan)(yuan),實現濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)利用(yong)協調統一,較(jiao)大限度的(de)(de)(de)發揮濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)所具有(you)的(de)(de)(de)生態(tai),社會和(he)經濟效益,實現人(ren)與(yu)(yu)自然的(de)(de)(de)和(he)諧相處(chu),共同發展(zhan)(zhan)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總體(ti)(ti)規劃以(yi)(yi)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)優先(xian),科(ke)學(xue)修復(fu)(fu),適度開發,合理(li)利用(yong)”為原則,劃分為保(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu),恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)(jian)區(qu)(qu),宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu),合理(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)五個功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)2532.5公(gong)頃(qing),占濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)84.23%,主(zhu)要(yao)包(bao)括清江湖(hu)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)水(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian),是濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)核心及主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),重點開展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)水(shui)質保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu);水(shui)岸生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu),野生動(dong)植(zhi)物及其(qi)棲息地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu),豐植(zhi)放流,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu),科(ke)學(xue)檢測(ce);保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)活(huo)動(dong)等。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)(jian)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)247.0公(gong)頃(qing),以(yi)(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)植(zhi)被恢復(fu)(fu),水(shui)體(ti)(ti)恢復(fu)(fu)為只要(yao)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)16.8公(gong)頃(qing),位(wei)于公(gong)園(yuan)南部(bu),頻臨托(tuo)口新鎮,主(zhu)要(yao)功(gong)能以(yi)(yi)生態(tai)及濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文化(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi),科(ke)普教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)為主(zhu);合理(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)207.8公(gong)頃(qing),位(wei)于渠水(shui)大橋西(xi)側,交通便捷,環境優美;利用(yong)該區(qu)(qu)優美地(di)(di)形和(he)資源(yuan)(yuan)條件,不破壞(huai)生態(tai)環境前提下(xia),開展(zhan)(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)觀光游覽,清水(shui)休閑游戲,農俗(su)文化(hua)體(ti)(ti)驗活(huo)動(dong),打造(zao)合理(li)利用(yong)示(shi)范基(ji)礎。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)2.4公(gong)頃(qing),位(wei)于公(gong)園(yuan)南部(bu),連接濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu),根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao),建(jian)(jian)設(she)相應的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)設(she)施,配(pei)置相應的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)設(she)備,實現良好的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li),保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu),服務(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)能。
“萬丈思湖一見開,地(di)(di)(di)波蕩漾(yang)撲(pu)面來(lai)。”洪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)市市委,市政(zheng)府(fu)及(ji)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)群(qun)眾迫切希望建(jian)設湖南洪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)湖國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園,從而(er)推進(jin)“生態洪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),美麗黔陽”建(jian)設。相(xiang)信不久的(de)將來(lai),在各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)政(zheng)府(fu)的(de)高度重視和大力支持以及(ji)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)人(ren)民群(qun)眾的(de)共同努力下,湖南洪江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)湖國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園一定會建(jian)設成為湘(xiang)楚大地(di)(di)(di)上一顆璀璨(can)的(de)明珠,成為庫塘(tang)型濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園建(jian)設的(de)典范。