王洛紅燒豬蹄是河南省(sheng)許昌市(曹操定都地)襄城縣王洛鎮(zhen)一道傳統名(ming)吃,屬于豫(yu)菜系。它歷史悠久,制作講究,色澤鮮艷,味道純(chun)正,而且聞(wen)名(ming)遐邇(er)。成(cheng)品呈(cheng)醬紅色,晶(jing)瑩發亮,爛而不散,肥而不膩,甜(tian)香(xiang)可口,使人常吃不厭,是增強營養、舒心開(kai)胃的良(liang)好(hao)美食(shi)。
從醫學的角度來看,豬蹄又是(shi)多用途的良藥。豬蹄中含有豐富(fu)的膠原(yuan)(yuan)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai),這是(shi)一種由生(sheng)物(wu)大(da)分子組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)的膠類物(wu)質,是(shi)構成(cheng)(cheng)肌腱、韌帶及結(jie)締組(zu)織中主要(yao)的蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質成(cheng)(cheng)分。在人體(ti)內,膠原(yuan)(yuan)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)約占蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質的三分之(zhi)一。若膠原(yuan)(yuan)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)合成(cheng)(cheng)發生(sheng)了異常,就會引起“膠原(yuan)(yuan)性疾病(bing)”。骨骼(ge)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)時(shi),首先必須要(yao)合成(cheng)(cheng)充(chong)足的膠原(yuan)(yuan)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)纖(xian)維(wei)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)骨骼(ge)的框架,所以膠原(yuan)(yuan)蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)又是(shi)“骨骼(ge)中的骨骼(ge)”。
另外,豬蹄(ti)中的膠原蛋白被人體(ti)吸收后,能(neng)促進皮膚(fu)細胞吸收和貯存水分,防止皮膚(fu)干澀起皺,使面部皮膚(fu)顯得(de)(de)豐滿光澤。漢代(dai)名醫(yi)張(zhang)仲景有(you)一(yi)個“豬膚(fu)方”,就(jiu)指(zhi)出豬蹄(ti)上的皮有(you)“和血脈,潤肌膚(fu)”的作用。英國(guo)有(you)美容大師觀察發現,經常(chang)吃豬蹄(ti),能(neng)使面部長得(de)(de)勻稱、豐滿。
膠原蛋白還(huan)可促進毛發、指甲(jia)生長,保持皮膚柔軟、細膩,指甲(jia)有(you)光澤。經(jing)常(chang)食用豬蹄,還(huan)可以有(you)效地防(fang)止進行性(xing)(xing)營養障礙,對消(xiao)化(hua)道(dao)出血(xue)、失血(xue)性(xing)(xing)休克有(you)一定療效,并可以改(gai)善全身(shen)的(de)微循環(huan),從(cong)而能預防(fang)或減輕冠心病和缺(que)血(xue)性(xing)(xing)腦(nao)病。對于手術(shu)及重病恢復(fu)期的(de)老人,有(you)利于組織(zhi)細胞(bao)正常(chang)生理功能的(de)恢復(fu),加速(su)新(xin)陳代謝(xie),延緩(huan)機(ji)體衰老。
同(tong)時豬蹄湯(tang)還具有催乳作用,對于哺乳期婦女能起到催乳和美容的雙重作用。
正(zheng)是王洛(luo)紅(hong)燒豬蹄獨特的制作工藝,它不但濃香可(ke)口,味美異(yi)常,食(shi)后使人思(si)之再三(san),而(er)且豬蹄內含膠質,有極強的美容成份,常食(shi)之,可(ke)使面部(bu)皮膚細(xi)膩、光(guang)亮、紅(hong)潤。同(tong)時,王洛(luo)豬蹄以(yi)藥(yao)理配料,具有健脾、健胃等多(duo)種功能。
其制作(zuo)過程是:將(jiang)(jiang)新鮮豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)首先用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)清水(shui)沖(chong)洗干凈,然(ran)后(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)大鐵鍋,將(jiang)(jiang)黃香(xiang)與豬(zhu)油(you)放在(zai)一(yi)起用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溫火(huo)慢(man)熬(ao),待黃香(xiang)與豬(zhu)油(you)被熬(ao)成稀糊狀時(shi)(shi),將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)鍋里沾滿黃香(xiang),取出后(hou)自然(ran)冷(leng)卻(que)(que),再將(jiang)(jiang)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)后(hou)成塊狀的(de)固體黃香(xiang)從豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)揭下(xia),同時(shi)(shi)連帶豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)沒有褪干凈的(de)豬(zhu)毛(mao)連根拔出,此過程呈(cheng)為粘(zhan)毛(mao),需連續進(jin)行(xing)數(shu)次,使(shi)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)完(wan)全干凈為止。然(ran)后(hou),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)清水(shui)沖(chong)洗至(zhi)起明發亮。第二(er)道(dao)工序(xu)(xu)是把豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)放在(zai)60℃的(de)溫水(shui)中(zhong)浴泡(pao)40分鐘(zhong),并且不斷(duan)將(jiang)(jiang)鍋中(zhong)漂(piao)浮的(de)油(you)沫舀(yao)出倒(dao)掉,作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)于去除豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)的(de)藏氣味(wei)(wei),直到(dao)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表面(mian)出現條(tiao)條(tiao)崩口再將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)撈(lao)(lao)出,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)白(bai)布沾干油(you)漬(zi),風(feng)涼20分鐘(zhong)。第三(san)道(dao)工序(xu)(xu)是油(you)炸(zha)。將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)涂一(yi)層蜂(feng)蜜,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)新鮮花生(sheng)油(you)燒至(zhi)100℃,將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)下(xia)鍋1分鐘(zhong)左右(you)撈(lao)(lao)出,然(ran)后(hou),再將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)油(you)漬(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)白(bai)布沾干凈,放溫水(shui)中(zhong)泡(pao)洗去掉油(you)漬(zi)氣味(wei)(wei)。第四道(dao)工序(xu)(xu)是燜燉(dun)。鍋內放入用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)白(bai)布包裹好(hao)的(de)各種藥料和辣(la)椒、生(sheng)姜等(deng)佐料及(ji)味(wei)(wei)醬(jiang)(jiang)色醬(jiang)(jiang),將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)放入,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鍋蓋燜嚴密,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溫火(huo)慢(man)慢(man)燉(dun)熬(ao),幼(you)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)可燉(dun)一(yi)小時(shi)(shi)左右(you),老(lao)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)可燉(dun)3小時(shi)(shi)左右(you),撈(lao)(lao)出后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)擦干凈水(shui)漬(zi),此時(shi)(shi)豬(zhu)蹄(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)呈(cheng)醬(jiang)(jiang)紅色,晶瑩發亮。