張(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)(chun)(1220—1316),字(zi)布山,號天倪子(zi)。泰安(an)埠上保(今(jin)肥城市(shi)安(an)駕莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)張(zhang)家(jia)安(an)村(cun))人。幼年聰慧(hui),宿有道(dao)(dao)緣(yuan)。六(liu)歲能通五經,十二歲即入玄(xuan)門,居岱麓(lu)會真(zhen)(zhen)宮(原為奉高(gao)宮,宋真(zhen)(zhen)宗東封駐蹕于(yu)此,改額會真(zhen)(zhen)宮。其遺(yi)址在今(jin)泰安(an)軍(jun)分區(qu)宿舍院內),事師(shi)崔道(dao)(dao)演(yan)。崔道(dao)(dao)演(yan),字(zi)元甫(fu),號真(zhen)(zhen)靜,以(yi)醫術聞名(ming)于(yu)世(shi)(shi),是全真(zhen)(zhen)創教祖(zu)師(shi)王(wang)(wang)重陽的(de)再傳弟子(zi),事師(shi)長(chang)生真(zhen)(zhen)人劉處玄(xuan)。據(ju)此,則(ze)張(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)(chun)為全真(zhen)(zhen)隨山派再傳弟子(zi)。志純(chun)(chun)(chun)秉承(cheng)師(shi)學,“其學也老莊(zhuang),其志也歧軒”(元·杜仁杰語),以(yi)老莊(zhuang)之道(dao)(dao)修真(zhen)(zhen)養性(xing),以(yi)歧黃之術濟世(shi)(shi)救民,過著“赤松(song)宗世(shi)(shi)遠(yuan),岳地作神仙”(元·王(wang)(wang)奕斐贊張(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)(chun)詩句)的(de)隱逸生活。明人蕭(xiao)協(xie)中《張(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)(chun)》詩曰:
桃花源水武陵(ling)同,中(zhong)有仙翁御(yu)閬風(feng)。
微(wei)露天倪窺妙道,至今人指會真宮(gong)。
當時,元世(shi)祖(zu)忽必(bi)烈聞(wen)其(qi)(qi)名,屢召而問道(dao)。志(zhi)(zhi)純原名志(zhi)(zhi)偉,帝將(jiang)之改為“志(zhi)(zhi)純”,賜號“崇真保(bao)德大師”,授紫服(fu),令(ling)其(qi)(qi)住持岱廟。
張志純(chun)喜與文人(ren)名士(shi)游,好(hao)詩(shi)詞。當(dang)時的(de)名士(shi)元(yuan)(yuan)好(hao)問、徐(xu)世(shi)(shi)隆、杜仁杰、王(wang)奕等(deng)多與他贈詩(shi)唱(chang)和,交(jiao)誼(yi)甚厚,元(yuan)(yuan)好(hao)問《送天倪(ni)子(zi)歸布山(shan)》流露出“擬與高人(ren)參藥(yao)鏡”之意,徐(xu)世(shi)(shi)隆《紀夢(meng)》、《送天倪(ni)子(zi)還(huan)泰(tai)山(shan)》則(ze)稱贊張志純(chun)“骨強清似鶴(he),步(bu)健老猶龍”、“九十行年發未華(hua),道人(ren)風骨飽煙霞。”“隱居自愛陶宏景,莫作山(shan)中宰相(xiang)夸。”張志純(chun)本人(ren)也有《題桃花峪》、《泰(tai)山(shan)喜雨》等(deng)詩(shi)作傳世(shi)(shi)。張志純(chun)九十余(yu)歲坐化升仙。羽化之際(ji)(ji),預言歸期,頌偈(jie)而逝。偈(jie)曰:“脫下娘生皮袋,此際(ji)(ji)樂然(ran)輕快。百尺竿頭進步(bu),蓬元(yuan)(yuan)洞(dong)府去(qu)來。前世(shi)(shi)宿德醫僧,今作道門小才。”
張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)“形(xing)雖(sui)羸,于道(dao)則肥(fei);性雖(sui)介,于物則齊。具墨(mo)儒之(zhi)體用(yong),見天(tian)地之(zhi)端倪(ni)”(徐世隆(long)題其小影)。其“具墨(mo)儒之(zhi)體用(yong)”,致使(shi)“形(xing)羸”“道(dao)肥(fei)”之(zhi)舉,在于嘔(ou)心瀝血(xue)修(xiu)(xiu)葺泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)觀(guan)。金末元(yuan)初,泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)宇(yu),百廢待興。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)承元(yuan)世祖之(zhi)命,歷(li)時三十(shi)余(yu)(yu)年,悉皆修(xiu)(xiu)復。據(ju)《岱史》記載,張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)“重建岱岳(yue),升(sheng)元(yuan)及上(shang)岳(yue)廟(miao)”。晚年上(shang)書皇(huang)帝重修(xiu)(xiu)蒿(hao)里山(shan)神祠(ci),獲(huo)準(zhun)后(hou)未竣即仙(xian)脫。全(quan)真(zhen)十(shi)八宗師之(zhi)一宋德方之(zhi)弟子祁(qi)志(zhi)誠后(hou)繼(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)竣。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)數十(shi)年,整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)觀(guan)二十(shi)余(yu)(yu)處(chu)。最為艱巨而又名垂(chui)青史者(zhe),當為創建南(nan)天(tian)門(men)。
“ 天門(men)一長嘯,萬里清風來(lai)。”唐朝詩人李白放歌南(nan)天門(men)。在泰山(shan)十八(ba)盤(pan)的(de)盡頭、飛龍巖與(yu)翔鳳嶺之間雙峰夾峙的(de)低坳處(chu),南(nan)天門(men)巍然屹立,由下仰視,猶如天上(shang)宮闕。古往今來(lai),千載之下,游客至此無不極目四望,駐足(zu)流連。凡是(shi)(shi)登(deng)過泰山(shan)的(de)人,都有這樣一種體會(hui),當你艱難地(di)登(deng)上(shang)十八(ba)盤(pan)遙望南(nan)天門(men)時,那種喜悅與(yu)贊嘆真是(shi)(shi)很難用語言(yan)來(lai)形容。南(nan)天門(men)仿佛是(shi)(shi)一道(dao)通天的(de)大門(men),又仿佛是(shi)(shi)一座(zuo)天上(shang)的(de)宮闕。那么,南(nan)天門(men)是(shi)(shi)何時所建,創建者又是(shi)(shi)誰呢?
這一巧奪天工、美輪美奐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑——南天門為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創建者就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)泰(tai)安(an)道(dao)士(shi)張志(zhi)純(chun)。學者王(wang)克煜介紹說,張志(zhi)純(chun)6歲(sui)誦經,12歲(sui)入道(dao),居(ju)岱麓會真宮,其師崔道(dao)演(yan),是(shi)(shi)王(wang)重(zhong)陽再(zai)傳弟(di)子。張志(zhi)純(chun)道(dao)行超(chao)群,曾任東岳廟住持,元(yuan)世祖忽必烈(lie)賜號“崇(chong)真保德大師”“天倪”,授紫服。元(yuan)初(chu)王(wang)奕(yi)斐在(zai)贈張志(zhi)純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩中(zhong),贊譽(yu)其“赤松宗世遠(yuan),岳地(di)作神仙”。張志(zhi)純(chun)是(shi)(shi)金(jin)元(yuan)之際全(quan)真道(dao)士(shi),元(yuan)初(chu)泰(tai)山(shan)建筑恢復重(zhong)建和拓展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)持者。三四十年間致力于泰(tai)山(shan)上下十數座建筑群的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設,為泰(tai)山(shan)立(li)下了(le)不朽功(gong)業(ye)。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生平事跡,是(shi)(shi)泰(tai)山(shan)文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一部分,也是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究金(jin)元(yuan)宗教文化、建筑文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要篇章。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名字留(liu)在(zai)元(yuan)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數十碑刻中(zhong),如今依(yi)然被家鄉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人們銘記崇(chong)拜。
張志(zhi)純(chun)是(shi)王重陽的(de)再傳弟子(zi),金(jin)代末(mo)年,全真(zhen)教在山(shan)(shan)東興(xing)起,創(chuang)始(shi)人王重陽及其弟子(zi)紛(fen)紛(fen)來到泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan),或(huo)潛心修煉,或(huo)傳經布道。張志(zhi)純(chun)原名張志(zhi)偉(wei),是(shi)肥城市安駕莊(zhuang)鎮張家安村人,12歲出家,入(ru)五(wu)峰山(shan)(shan)拜崔真(zhen)人入(ru)全真(zhen)教。崇尚(shang)道教的(de)元世(shi)祖忽(hu)必烈幾次召見,與他相談甚歡,于是(shi)下(xia)詔將“志(zhi)偉(wei)”改為“志(zhi)純(chun)”,授予紫(zi)服,住持岱廟(miao),同時兼管泰(tai)(tai)安道教事宜(yi)。
當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)山因多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)戰亂,一部(bu)分道(dao)(dao)觀(guan)廟(miao)宇(yu)毀于戰火之中(zhong)。張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)以(yi)(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)振道(dao)(dao)教在(zai)泰(tai)(tai)山的(de)(de)(de)(de)聲威為(wei)(wei)(wei)己任,開(kai)始(shi)了(le)(le)漫(man)長而(er)又艱苦的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)復歷程(cheng)。據《岱(dai)史》記載,張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)“先(xian)后重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)玉女祠(ci),創建(jian)(jian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)及岱(dai)頂東岳廟(miao),岱(dai)下則重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)岱(dai)岳觀(guan)、會真宮、朝元(yuan)(yuan)觀(guan)等。中(zhong)統四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)岱(dai)廟(miao),重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)仁(ren)安(an)殿,至元(yuan)(yuan)二(er)(er)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)蒿里山神祠(ci)一百二(er)(er)十楹(ying)。”而(er)這其中(zhong)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)艱巨而(er)又名垂(chui)青史的(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)泰(tai)(tai)山南(nan)(nan)(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)古稱“天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)關”,山高(gao)路遠,地勢險峻,需借助繩索才得以(yi)(yi)攀登。要在(zai)此修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)一座城樓式建(jian)(jian)筑,工(gong)程(cheng)之艱巨可(ke)想(xiang)而(er)知。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計者(zhe)和(he)(he)監修(xiu)(xiu)者(zhe),張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)硬(ying)是(shi)用(yong)3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時間(jian)于公元(yuan)(yuan)1264年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)完成了(le)(le)這一壯舉。現在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)代重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian),但仍保(bao)持了(le)(le)元(yuan)(yuan)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)格。 這組古建(jian)(jian)筑是(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)創建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多(duo)廟(miao)宇(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)代表作(zuo)(zuo)。張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)在(zai)30多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)里,整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)泰(tai)(tai)山廟(miao)觀(guan)20余處,可(ke)謂功德(de)無(wu)量。而(er)令人遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi),工(gong)程(cheng)尚未(wei)完工(gong),張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)便以(yi)(yi)96歲高(gao)齡羽化升仙了(le)(le)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念這位了(le)(le)不起的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)人,肥城安(an)駕莊的(de)(de)(de)(de)村民們恢復了(le)(le)張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)顛(dian)仙祠(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原貌,繪制了(le)(le)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)壁畫(hua),并重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)了(le)(le)張(zhang)(zhang)氏祠(ci)堂和(he)(he)張(zhang)(zhang)志(zhi)(zhi)純(chun)墓,以(yi)(yi)表達對(dui)這位泰(tai)(tai)山道(dao)(dao)士(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)崇敬之情。
元中統三(san)年(nian)(1262),張(zhang)志純被授為(wei)東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)提點(dian)監(jian)修官兼東(dong)(dong)平路道(dao)教(jiao)都提點(dian)。應東(dong)(dong)平路總管嚴忠范(fan)之請,籌劃監(jian)修南天(tian)(tian)(tian)門。南天(tian)(tian)(tian)門地(di)勢險峻(jun),幾(ji)乎(hu)高不可(ke)(ke)(ke)攀。漢代馬(ma)第伯《封禪(chan)儀記》曰(yue):“俯視(shi)溪谷碌碌,不可(ke)(ke)(ke)見丈(zhang)尺,遂至天(tian)(tian)(tian)門之下(xia),仰視(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門窔遼(liao),如(ru)從穴(xue)中視(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)。直(zhi)上七(qi)里,賴其(qi)羊腸逶迤,名曰(yue)環道(dao),往(wang)往(wang)有(you)絙索,可(ke)(ke)(ke)得而登也(ye)。兩(liang)(liang)從者(zhe)扶挾,前(qian)人(ren)(ren)相牽,后人(ren)(ren)見前(qian)人(ren)(ren)履底,前(qian)人(ren)(ren)見后人(ren)(ren)頂,如(ru)畫重(zhong)累人(ren)(ren)矣。所謂磨(mo)胸、捏石(shi),捫(men)天(tian)(tian)(tian)之難(nan)也(ye)。”徒身尚且如(ru)此(ci),工(gong)匠肩石(shi)抬木,其(qi)工(gong)程之艱巨可(ke)(ke)(ke)想而知。無(wu)怪(guai)乎(hu),杜(du)仁杰《天(tian)(tian)(tian)門銘(ming)》言:“元氣(qi)裂,兩(liang)(liang)儀具(ju),五(wu)岳(yue)峙,真形露。惟岱宗,儼(yan)其(qi)踞,仰彌高,屹(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)柱。浩千劫,窒來(lai)去(qu),誰為(wei)鑿,起天(tian)(tian)(tian)慮(lv)。匪斤斧,乃祝祖,一竅(qiao)開,達底處(chu)。”不是“斤斧”所鑿,而是“天(tian)(tian)(tian)慮(lv)”、“祝祖”而成。天(tian)(tian)(tian)門開通之后,“ 踖此(ci)往(wang),嘉無(wu)數(shu)。無(wu)懷下(xia),兵刑措,七(qi)十(shi)君(jun),接鑾輅。”然而后世(shi)“圣(sheng)道(dao)熄,彝(yi)倫斁,揖讓歇,篡奪屢。忽焉(yan)闔(he),梗無(wu)路。象緯森,敕訶護,朝百靈,由茲戶。金(jin)璀璨,朱間布,九虎(hu)蹲,萬夫怖(bu)。”因(yin)為(wei)后世(shi)君(jun)王不再(zai)稟行三(san)皇五(wu)帝之圣(sheng)道(dao),故而天(tian)(tian)(tian)門“忽焉(yan)闔(he)”。作者(zhe)憂國(guo)憂民,發出了“辟何(he)時(shi),坦如(ru)故”的(de)吶(na)喊。上天(tian)(tian)(tian)明示,只(zhi)有(you)“豁蒙(meng)蔽(bi),泄塵霧,刮(gua)政疵,剔民蠹”,達到“上得情,下(xia)安作,額血殫,帝聰悟”,天(tian)(tian)(tian)門才能再(zai)開。張(zhang)志純于天(tian)(tian)(tian)門經構室(shi)宇,歷時(shi)近(jin)三(san)年(nian)乃成,杜(du)仁杰于是乎(hu)銘(ming)之。銘(ming)文(wen)最后透露出創(chuang)建初衷:“刻(ke)我銘(ming),期孔固,垂萬世(shi),正王度”,闡發出“神道(dao)設教(jiao)”的(de)深意。
張(zhang)志純修建廟宇而闡(chan)揚道教,“若夫師之(zhi)寢(qin)處衣食(shi),與役夫等。是以(yi)人忘其死而成師之(zhi)志,雖國朝為之(zhi),亦不能(neng)齊一如此”。杜仁杰撰《泰(tai)安阜(fu)上張(zhang)氏先塋記(ji)》亦云(yun):每次工(gong)程完工(gong),接受朝廷賜號和(he)任命(ming)之(zhi)后,他總是“慨然拂(fu)衣,復(fu)還布山之(zhi)舊隱”。其性情之(zhi)淡泊(bo)高遠(yuan)可見一斑。
南(nan)天門(men)(men)于元中(zhong)統(tong)五(wu)年(1264)竣工之后,明清多次(ci)重修。今之南(nan)天門(men)(men)保持清代風格,分上(shang)下兩層(ceng)(ceng)。下層(ceng)(ceng)為拱形門(men)(men)洞,條石(shi)(shi)壘砌,券(quan)石(shi)(shi)起(qi)拱,頂(ding)鋪條石(shi)(shi),四(si)周冰盤(pan)式出檐。上(shang)鑲貼金(jin)石(shi)(shi)額(e)書“南(nan)天門(men)(men)”三個大字。上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)建摩空閣,面闊三間,二柱五(wu)檁五(wu)架(jia)梁,重梁起(qi)架(jia),黃琉璃瓦卷棚(peng)重檐歇山頂(ding)。南(nan)向正門(men)(men)開拱形門(men)(men),兩次(ci)間各開一窗。門(men)(men)上(shang)石(shi)(shi)額(e)題“摩空閣”。
南(nan)天(tian)門北面,宋(song)真宗時建(jian)三(san)靈候祠(ci),《通志》稱(cheng):“周諫官唐宸、葛雍(yong)、周武也。宋(song)真宗東(dong)(dong)封(feng)泰(tai)山(shan)見(jian)三(san)神人(ren)于天(tian)門,因(yin)加封(feng)建(jian)祀”。元代已圯,后建(jian)關(guan)(guan)帝廟(miao)(miao)。今關(guan)(guan)帝廟(miao)(miao)三(san)間,四柱五架(jia)梁七檁前(qian)后廊(lang)式(shi),重(zhong)梁起架(jia),五脊硬山(shan)頂(ding)。前(qian)廊(lang)內(nei)有(you)關(guan)(guan)帝像贊碑,像陰線刻。南(nan)天(tian)門和關(guan)(guan)帝廟(miao)(miao)中間兩側,有(you)東(dong)(dong)西配殿各三(san)間。南(nan)天(tian)門下側有(you)石棚,內(nei)壁(bi)鑲南(nan)天(tian)門創建(jian)碑。元正統五年(nian)正月,杜仁杰(jie)撰(zhuan)文,東(dong)(dong)平路總(zong)管嚴忠范書丹,泰(tai)安州刺(ci)史張汝霖勒(le)石,淵靜大師岱廟(miao)(miao)觀(guan)主劉德源,昭(zhao)真觀(guan)主翟慶真同立。
建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)之后的(de)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)、泰(tai)(tai)城(cheng)“三重(zhong)(zhong)空間(jian)(jian)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)條軸(zhou)線”整體格局中(zhong)最(zui)(zui)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)景(jing)點之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。歷史上(shang),泰(tai)(tai)城(cheng)“三重(zhong)(zhong)空間(jian)(jian)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)陰(yin)司、人(ren)間(jian)(jian)、天(tian)(tian)庭(ting)。泰(tai)(tai)城(cheng)奈河(he)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)以(yi)(yi)南(nan),以(yi)(yi)奈河(he)橋(qiao)和蒿里山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)主,屬于(yu)陰(yin)司地(di)獄。中(zhong)國傳統的(de)地(di)府有(you)兩處,一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)前的(de)蒿里山(shan)(shan),再(zai)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)四川的(de)酆都。古(gu)人(ren)認為(wei)(wei),蒿里山(shan)(shan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)死(si)后鬼魂歸宿的(de)地(di)方。早在漢(han)朝(chao)時,就有(you)“泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)主生死(si)”、“人(ren)死(si)為(wei)(wei)鬼,魂歸泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)”之說。泰(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(包(bao)括原(yuan)奉高)東半(ban)部至(zhi)岱麓屬于(yu)繁華(hua)熱鬧的(de)“人(ren)間(jian)(jian)”。整個(ge)泰(tai)(tai)城(cheng)建(jian)筑,以(yi)(yi)通天(tian)(tian)街、岱廟、岱宗(zong)坊為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)軸(zhou),左右對稱,布(bu)局嚴整。自岱宗(zong)坊至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men),便(bian)由“人(ren)間(jian)(jian)”開始“登(deng)天(tian)(tian)”,攀(pan)登(deng)六(liu)千余級臺階(jie),經(jing)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men),至(zhi)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)便(bian)到了“天(tian)(tian)庭(ting)”。泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)“朝(chao)天(tian)(tian)”為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)整體構思中(zhong),有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條中(zhong)軸(zhou)線,即泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)東路(古(gu)代(dai)“中(zhong)路”)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan),這是(shi)(shi)(shi)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)的(de)核(he)心(xin)。這種格局是(shi)(shi)(shi)由歷代(dai)帝(di)(di)王(wang)封禪、祭(ji)(ji)祀泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)而形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)。帝(di)(di)王(wang)來泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)封禪、祭(ji)(ji)祀,多循東路而登(deng)山(shan)(shan)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)跨越大汶河(he),進入(ru)泰(tai)(tai)安(an)城(cheng)南(nan)關,穿過“通天(tian)(tian)”街,至(zhi)紅門(men)(men)下,更衣登(deng)山(shan)(shan)。經(jing)由“一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)”、“中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)”直達(da)“南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)”,再(zai)經(jing)碧霞祠,登(deng)臨玉皇頂(ding),祭(ji)(ji)祀禮拜(bai)仰答神(shen)庥。而南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)恰恰是(shi)(shi)(shi)登(deng)天(tian)(tian)的(de)最(zui)(zui)后一(yi)(yi)(yi)道關隘,攀(pan)上(shang)“緊(jin)十(shi)八(ba),慢(man)十(shi)八(ba),不緊(jin)不慢(man)又十(shi)八(ba)”的(de)素(su)有(you)“天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)云梯”之稱的(de)十(shi)八(ba)盤,步(bu)入(ru)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)便(bian)到了“天(tian)(tian)街”。南(nan)天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)與(yu)人(ren)文景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)的(de)絕妙結合(he)(he),其蘊含的(de)“天(tian)(tian)人(ren)合(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)”的(de)精神(shen),與(yu)帝(di)(di)王(wang)封禪祭(ji)(ji)祀泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan),溝通天(tian)(tian)地(di),宣示受(shou)命于(yu)天(tian)(tian)、國泰(tai)(tai)民安(an)的(de)政教使命相(xiang)(xiang)契合(he)(he),也與(yu)黎民百姓(xing)拜(bai)廟求神(shen),虔敬元君(jun)、祈(qi)求濟苦救難、庇佑蒼生的(de)心(xin)靈訴(su)求相(xiang)(xiang)輔(fu)承。
南(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)建(jian)成(cheng)后,泰山(shan)道教得(de)到了(le)進一步的(de)發(fa)展。張(zhang)志純(chun)從此便與(yu)南(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)緊(jin)緊(jin)的(de)聯系在一起。每(mei)當我(wo)們登(deng)臨南(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men),置身(shen)“門(men)(men)辟九霄仰步三天(tian)勝(sheng)跡,階重萬級俯(fu)臨千(qian)嶂奇觀”(南(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)對(dui)聯)的(de)時候,就不由(you)得(de)憶起張(zhang)志純(chun):“如吾師者,退然才中人,癯瘁(cui)若(ruo)不能勝(sheng)衣,然問無不知,叩無不應,若(ruo)乃芥納須彌,囊括宇(yu)宙,不足喻其胸次橫闊之萬一。乃以區區土(tu)木之功相溷,向其不知師之甚耶?”(杜仁杰《泰安阜(fu)上張(zhang)氏先塋記》)信(xin)哉,斯言!