芒果视频

地域產地

土壤地貌

通山地(di)貌為“八山一水一分田”，大致呈西南高、東低的(de)不規則狀況，平均海拔為400米—900米之間(jian)。九(jiu)(jiu)宮山茶(cha)區立地(di)多為山區和低山丘(qiu)陵地(di)域。主要伴(ban)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)有(you)馬尾松、翠柏、杉(shan)類、楓類、櫟(li)、紅豆杉(shan)、香框、紅木、銀杏等林(lin)木以及厚樸(pu)、杜仲(zhong)、黃連、百(bai)合、桔梗、黃金、貝母(mu)等野生(sheng)(sheng)藥用植(zhi)物(wu)，森林(lin)覆蓋率為76.8%。九(jiu)(jiu)宮山茶(cha)種植(zhi)境內土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)為風化石(shi)砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)黃棕壤(rang)(rang)，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥力(li)中(zhong)等。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)平均含(han)量為5.31%，全(quan)氮含(han)量0.12%，速效(xiao)磷含(han)量16—21毫克(ke)/千克(ke),速效(xiao)鉀含(han)量100—130毫克(ke)/千克(ke)，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)pH4.5—5.5之間(jian)。這些(xie)高山二高山地(di)帶生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)優良(liang)，植(zhi)被多樣，雨量充沛，溫暖濕潤，朝(chao)夕云(yun)霧繚繞，砂(sha)頁巖母(mu)質(zhi)(zhi)發育的(de)酸(suan)性紅黃壤(rang)(rang)，礦質(zhi)(zhi)元(yuan)素及速效(xiao)鉀含(han)量豐(feng)富，為造就九(jiu)(jiu)宮山茶(cha)獨特品質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)優越生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)自(zi)然條(tiao)件。

水文情況

富水(shui)河位于長江中游(you)南岸，發源于通山(shan)與江西省(sheng)武寧縣(xian)交界的幕埠山(shan)脈八(ba)底洞。由西南向東北流經通山(shan)縣(xian)，出富池口注入長江。

氣候情況

通山(shan)縣屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶季風溫(wen)暖濕潤氣候區，光(guang)照充足，熱(re)量(liang)豐(feng)富。年(nian)(nian)平均日照時數(shu)1962.3小時。年(nian)(nian)平均溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)17.2°C，≥10°C的(de)活動積溫(wen)4386.3°C，全年(nian)(nian)無霜期248天，晝夜溫(wen)差大。年(nian)(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1829.3毫米，年(nian)(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)雨天數(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)161.5天，平均蒸發量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1389.6毫米，年(nian)(nian)平均相對濕度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)82%。

品質特點

外在感官特征

九宮(gong)山茶(cha)因制作加工工藝不同，產(chan)品(pin)可分為扁(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)與條形(xing)茶(cha)。扁(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)其品(pin)質(zhi)外形(xing)扁(bian)平挺直，嫩綠(lv)隱毫湯色綠(lv)亮，香(xiang)氣持久(jiu)，滋味(wei)鮮醇回甘，葉底嫩綠(lv)明亮。條形(xing)茶(cha)其品(pin)質(zhi)條索緊結重實，色澤油潤，栗香(xiang)持久(jiu)，滋味(wei)醇厚，葉底綠(lv)亮，清香(xiang)四溢，耐(nai)沖泡。

生長環境

地域保護范圍

九宮山茶的(de)生(sheng)產地(di)為(wei)湖北省通山縣廈鋪鎮、闖王鎮、九宮山鎮、楊(yang)芳(fang)林鄉、洪港鎮等五個鄉鎮，地(di)處(chu)鄂(e)南地(di)區幕阜山脈中段(duan)九宮山及周邊群山，地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)東(dong)經(jing)114?15′—114?58′，北緯29?19′—29?33′。

質量技術要求

質量控制技術規范(fan)編號：AGI2020-01-2564

安全要求

九宮(gong)山茶產品質(zhi)量安全規定按照《綠色食品 茶葉》NY/T288的規定執行(xing)。

特定生產方式

1、園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)選擇：良好(hao)的(de)土(tu)壤環(huan)(huan)境(jing)條(tiao)件和肥力是茶(cha)樹立地(di)(di)(di)之本，是茶(cha)葉(xie)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)高產(chan)的(de)基礎(chu)。九宮山(shan)茶(cha)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)一般選擇遠離(li)城鎮、工廠、污(wu)(wu)染源(yuan)的(de)丘陵(ling)地(di)(di)(di)帶，以利(li)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)止灰塵、廢水(shui)、廢氣(qi)以及人類農事(shi)活動給茶(cha)葉(xie)帶來污(wu)(wu)染。茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)四周有(you)(you)樹林環(huan)(huan)抱的(de)更好(hao)，有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)提高茶(cha)葉(xie)自然品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)要求土(tu)壤深厚（60—80厘米）肥沃，養分含(han)量(liang)豐富而(er)且平衡，有(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)較(jiao)高，土(tu)壤偏酸性(xing)（pH值(zhi)4.5—5.5），土(tu)體疏松(song)，通透(tou)性(xing)良好(hao)，不積水(shui)。土(tu)壤中砷、汞、鎘、鉻(ge)、銅等有(you)(you)害重金屬含(han)量(liang)必須低(di)于(yu)(yu)國家綠色食(shi)品(pin)茶(cha)生產(chan)加工技術規定(ding)(ding)的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)。茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)集中連片，要有(you)(you)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)規模(mo)。在有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)保護和改善(shan)茶(cha)區生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)、維護茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)生態平衡、便于(yu)(yu)茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)灌溉和機械化作業的(de)地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)建立茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)最為理想。土(tu)壤環(huan)(huan)境(jing)、水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、大氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)等按照《NY/T391綠色食(shi)品(pin)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)》的(de)規定(ding)(ding)執行。

2、茶樹品種(zhong)：主要品種(zhong)為(wei)當(dang)地群(qun)體種(zhong)及近年引進的鄂茶系(xi)列品種(zhong)，如：鄂茶8、五峰212等無性系(xi)茶樹良種(zhong)。

3、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽最佳季節(jie)的(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)，應因地制宜，一(yi)般(ban)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)在春節(jie)前后(hou)(hou)，最遲不超過(guo)二月(yue)份，特別是(shi)早芽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在雨水(shui)(shui)分布均勻，又(you)有(you)灌(guan)溉條件(jian)的(de)地區(qu)可選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)在10月(yue)—11月(yue)上旬移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽，因秋(qiu)季移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)經(jing)一(yi)個多(duo)月(yue)護理后(hou)(hou)即可萌發(fa)新(xin)根(gen)(gen)，次年三月(yue)初就(jiu)可以(yi)萌發(fa)新(xin)梢，比(bi)二月(yue)份移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽的(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)要(yao)多(duo)發(fa)一(yi)輪新(xin)梢。移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)多(duo)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)開(kai)溝或(huo)開(kai)穴種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)法，開(kai)穴深寬(kuan)一(yi)般(ban)為12厘(li)米(mi)×20厘(li)米(mi)，穴大有(you)利于根(gen)(gen)系伸展發(fa)育(yu)。移(yi)(yi)(yi)栽時，先用(yong)(yong)(yong)黃泥(ni)(ni)漿蘸(zhan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)部（茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)帶土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)較多(duo)的(de)可不用(yong)(yong)(yong)黃泥(ni)(ni)漿蘸(zhan)根(gen)(gen)），然(ran)后(hou)(hou)分級(ji)把(ba)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)分放在穴中，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)頸離土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)表距離3厘(li)米(mi)左右，根(gen)(gen)系離底肥10厘(li)米(mi)以(yi)上，一(yi)邊分發(fa)一(yi)邊種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)；種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)時要(yao)把(ba)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)根(gen)(gen)系舒展開(kai)，蓋上細土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)腳將(jiang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壓緊，使茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)系和(he)濕(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)接(jie)觸良好。檢查種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)質量(liang)(liang)的(de)辦法是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)定的(de)氣力(li)才能將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)拔出(chu)(chu)(chu)來而且有(you)少量(liang)(liang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)帶出(chu)(chu)(chu)地面，則茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)就(jiu)算種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)好了(le)。如(ru)果不用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣力(li)能輕(qing)輕(qing)將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)拔出(chu)(chu)(chu)來，則沒有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)好，應重新(xin)壓緊。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)定要(yao)澆(jiao)足定根(gen)(gen)水(shui)(shui)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)在根(gen)(gen)部四周撒上一(yi)層(ceng)細土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，有(you)條件(jian)的(de)可以(yi)鋪草保濕(shi)，減少土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤水(shui)(shui)分蒸發(fa)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)(hou)視天(tian)氣情況(kuang)每5—7天(tian)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)1次，確(que)保全苗(miao)(miao)壯苗(miao)(miao)。

4、茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一般(ban)分三次完(wan)成。第一次定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)離(li)地(di)面(mian)15厘(li)(li)米(mi)—20厘(li)(li)米(mi)處剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)頂芽(ya)（茶(cha)苗移栽后(hou)(hou)進行）；第二(er)次定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)待茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)長(chang)到(dao)(dao)45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)時(shi)(shi)，離(li)地(di)面(mian)30—40厘(li)(li)米(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)上(shang)面(mian)枝條，并繼(ji)續(xu)留養(yang)，這時(shi)(shi)千萬(wan)不(bu)能采(cai)摘(zhai)；第三次定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)當樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高(gao)(gao)達60—70厘(li)(li)米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)在第2次剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)上(shang)提高(gao)(gao)15—20厘(li)(li)米(mi)或(huo)離(li)地(di)面(mian)45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)平(ping)。茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)經過3次定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)(hou)，蓬(peng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)和(he)幅(fu)度(du)均達到(dao)(dao)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)摘(zhai)要求，便可(ke)(ke)逐(zhu)步投入(ru)正式采(cai)摘(zhai)，要絕(jue)對(dui)防止(zhi)過早(zao)采(cai)摘(zhai)。春茶(cha)前(qian)期(qi)可(ke)(ke)多(duo)采(cai)名(ming)優茶(cha)、中期(qi)可(ke)(ke)適(shi)當提早(zao)結(jie)束，在去(qu)年的(de)(de)(de)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)上(shang)再提高(gao)(gao)5—10厘(li)(li)米(mi)進行整(zheng)形(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，把(ba)蓬(peng)面(mian)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成弧形(xing)，即可(ke)(ke)投入(ru)正常生產(chan)(chan)。輕(qing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對(dui)于投產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)來說，也需要每年進行輕(qing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)深修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，一方(fang)面(mian)有(you)效(xiao)控制(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)高(gao)(gao)度(du)，另(ling)一方(fang)面(mian)不(bu)斷(duan)更新生產(chan)(chan)枝，提高(gao)(gao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)面(mian)育芽(ya)能力。同時(shi)(shi)，運用合理(li)采(cai)摘(zhai)技術，適(shi)當留養(yang)，合理(li)控制(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)高(gao)(gao)幅(fu)度(du)，只有(you)這樣才能有(you)助(zhu)于茶(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)始終保持旺盛的(de)(de)(de)育芽(ya)能力，以(yi)后(hou)(hou)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高(gao)(gao)控制(zhi)在60—80厘(li)(li)米(mi)之(zhi)間(jian)即可(ke)(ke)。

5、土肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)管理(li)：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)生長好壞，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)品質(zhi)(zhi)的高(gao)低與(yu)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)種類、數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)密切相關。按照綠色食(shi)品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)技術宜多施(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)優、營養成分(fen)完全的有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，這樣茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)生長旺盛(sheng)，產(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)、品質(zhi)(zhi)好。因此，應(ying)(ying)堅持合(he)(he)理(li)的科學施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法(fa)，以重施(shi)(shi)腐熟有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料（符合(he)(he)NY5020用(yong)(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標準）為主，合(he)(he)理(li)配施(shi)(shi)復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。冬施(shi)(shi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)每畝(mu)(mu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菜子餅（或花(hua)生餅）300千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，或施(shi)(shi)豬糞(fen)、雞糞(fen)1000千(qian)(qian)克(ke)、有(you)機(ji)復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)(qian)克(ke)、磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，混合(he)(he)拌勻后(hou)在(zai)樹(shu)冠垂直(zhi)下(xia)(xia)方(fang)開(kai)深(shen)溝施(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)蓋(gai)土，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)間在(zai)秋茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)剛(gang)結(jie)束(shu)的10—11月(yue)份前(qian)下(xia)(xia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)最(zui)好。早施(shi)(shi)的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料在(zai)雨水的作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)分(fen)解(jie)加(jia)快，春(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)萌發前(qian)即可吸收(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，有(you)利(li)提(ti)高(gao)春(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和品質(zhi)(zhi)，而施(shi)(shi)晚(wan)(wan)了春(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)上，到夏(xia)(xia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)才能利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，不(bu)利(li)春(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品質(zhi)(zhi)的提(ti)高(gao)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)也一(yi)(yi)樣，一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)掌握施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)期(qi)，圍(wei)繞春(chun)(chun)、夏(xia)(xia)、秋三季茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya)萌發前(qian)20天(tian)左(zuo)右施(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)，2齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮2.5—3.0千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝(mu)(mu)，3—4齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮5.0—7.0千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝(mu)(mu)，4—5齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮7.5—10千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝(mu)(mu)，分(fen)春(chun)(chun)、夏(xia)(xia)兩季施(shi)(shi)入。成齡(ling)(ling)采摘茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園每生產(chan)100千(qian)(qian)克(ke)干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)復(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)12—15千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，分(fen)3次施(shi)(shi)入，即2月(yue)底3月(yue)初力爭早施(shi)(shi)催芽(ya)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，5月(yue)中下(xia)(xia)旬追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)夏(xia)(xia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，8月(yue)上旬追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)秋肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應(ying)(ying)開(kai)溝深(shen)10厘米(mi)，將(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)蓋(gai)土。總之，不(bu)論是冬肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，適當(dang)早施(shi)(shi)比晚(wan)(wan)施(shi)(shi)效(xiao)果(guo)好。適當(dang)多施(shi)(shi)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，可提(ti)高(gao)土壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力，增加(jia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，對產(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的提(ti)高(gao)，特(te)別是香氣、滋味的影響最(zui)明(ming)顯。

6、鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)：鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)是茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)栽培中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)后一(yi)項技術措施，也(ye)是茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)第一(yi)道工(gong)(gong)序。鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，是為(wei)(wei)了從(cong)(cong)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)其幼嫩(nen)芽(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供(gong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)獲(huo)得(de)較好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商品(pin)價(jia)值。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)，鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)壞，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅關系到(dao)(dao)當(dang)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)量(liang)，又關系到(dao)(dao)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)常年生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育，鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)與質(zhi)又是制茶(cha)(cha)原(yuan)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎和(he)(he)(he)(he)品(pin)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。九宮山茶(cha)(cha)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)扁形茶(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)初展(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)一(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)(zhan)98%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。加(jia)工(gong)(gong)條形茶(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)芽(ya)二葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)(zhan)60%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，一(yi)芽(ya)三葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)(zhan)40%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下。鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)堅持(chi)如下三個采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)則(ze)。堅持(chi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)結(jie)合原(yuan)則(ze)，幼齡茶(cha)(cha)園在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)技術方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，必(bi)須注(zhu)意留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，堅持(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)為(wei)(wei)輔(fu)，保證年生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期內有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)批新葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)子留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠上(shang)(shang)，樹(shu)(shu)冠高幅度逐(zhu)漸(jian)擴大。堅持(chi)“五采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)五養(yang)(yang)(yang)、量(liang)質(zhi)兼顧”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)：成(cheng)(cheng)齡茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)標(biao)準，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)下集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)技術。即“采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)面(mian)(mian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)底、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)中(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)側、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高養(yang)(yang)(yang)低(di)、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)密養(yang)(yang)(yang)稀、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大養(yang)(yang)(yang)小”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)則(ze)，這種(zhong)技術由于采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)界限分(fen)(fen)明，既能(neng)保持(chi)樹(shu)(shu)冠上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)進行(xing)光(guang)合作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，為(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)提(ti)供(gong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)，促進多發(fa)芽(ya)和(he)(he)(he)(he)增(zeng)加(jia)分(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)數，擴大樹(shu)(shu)冠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)達到(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)、質(zhi)量(liang)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)三兼顧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)方(fang)法上(shang)(shang)，手(shou)工(gong)(gong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)清潔、通風性(xing)(xing)良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹簍盛裝(zhuang)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)運送茶(cha)(cha)廠，防(fang)止(zhi)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)質(zhi)變和(he)(he)(he)(he)混入有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)有(you)(you)(you)害物質(zhi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)求提(ti)手(shou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜抓采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)勻、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈，不(bu)(bu)(bu)夾帶鱗片、魚(yu)(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、茶(cha)(cha)果(guo)與老葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，春茶(cha)(cha)宜早采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、嫩(nen)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)多采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中(zhong)(zhong)檔茶(cha)(cha)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)留(liu)魚(yu)(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，夏(xia)茶(cha)(cha)留(liu)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，秋茶(cha)(cha)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)留(liu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)原(yuan)則(ze)。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)注(zhu)意及(ji)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒有(you)(you)(you)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下而(er)(er)留(liu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅影(ying)響(xiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)，也(ye)給茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育帶來(lai)較多弊端(duan)：（1）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒有(you)(you)(you)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下來(lai)，會抑制和(he)(he)(he)(he)推遲下輪新梢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萌發(fa)，減少采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)批數；（2）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)所上(shang)(shang)空間(jian)位置，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片老化較快、生(sheng)(sheng)理功(gong)能(neng)下降(jiang)(jiang)，影(ying)響(xiang)光(guang)合作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進行(xing)，也(ye)增(zeng)加(jia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消耗(hao)；（3）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是形成(cheng)(cheng)開(kai)花結(jie)果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)部位，生(sheng)(sheng)殖(zhi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)力很強(qiang)，又要(yao)消耗(hao)大量(liang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)；（4）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)形成(cheng)(cheng)短小細弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冗枝(zhi)(zhi)，冗枝(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)能(neng)力很低(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)形成(cheng)(cheng)翌年有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)枝(zhi)(zhi)，影(ying)響(xiang)正(zheng)常芽(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)比例下降(jiang)(jiang)。從(cong)(cong)上(shang)(shang)述存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)問題(ti)來(lai)看，不(bu)(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)或少采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)代(dai)替留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)起到(dao)(dao)留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)上(shang)(shang)必(bi)須強(qiang)調(diao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，是一(yi)項增(zeng)產(chan)(chan)增(zeng)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)措施。另(ling)外，有(you)(you)(you)條件時(shi)(shi)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)機采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，但采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)機應(ying)使用(yong)(yong)無鉛(qian)汽油(you)和(he)(he)(he)(he)機油(you)，防(fang)止(zhi)污染(ran)鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)土(tu)壤。堅持(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)市(shi)場(chang)為(wei)(wei)導向、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)質(zhi)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)重點、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)益為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)：因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是一(yi)種(zhong)商品(pin)，競爭性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)但需(xu)要(yao)數量(liang)多，而(er)(er)且(qie)需(xu)要(yao)更好(hao)(hao)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠色食品(pin)茶(cha)(cha)。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)適(shi)(shi)銷對(dui)(dui)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，投放(fang)市(shi)場(chang)，讓消費者(zhe)喝上(shang)(shang)干凈衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“放(fang)心茶(cha)(cha)”，市(shi)場(chang)信譽高，銷路廣，才會獲(huo)得(de)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)，鮮(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)要(yao)跟著市(shi)場(chang)走，按照(zhao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)結(jie)構(gou)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料等級標(biao)準進行(xing)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中(zhong)(zhong)檔茶(cha)(cha)原(yuan)料，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)名優茶(cha)(cha)其效(xiao)益最(zui)好(hao)(hao)。

7、病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)控：從茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)整個(ge)生態(tai)系統(tong)出(chu)發(fa)，綜合運用(yong)各種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業技術措(cuo)施，創造不(bu)利(li)(li)(li)于病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)有害(hai)生物孳生和(he)(he)有利(li)(li)(li)于各類(lei)天(tian)敵繁衍的(de)(de)環境(jing)條(tiao)件，保(bao)護(hu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生態(tai)系統(tong)的(de)(de)平衡(heng)(heng)(heng)和(he)(he)生物的(de)(de)多樣性，將有害(hai)物控制(zhi)(zhi)在允許的(de)(de)經濟閾值以下，將農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥殘留降低到規(gui)定標準的(de)(de)范(fan)圍。以保(bao)證生產的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)食品符合國家(jia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)衛生質量指標。（1）農(nong)(nong)(nong)業防(fang)治(zhi)。綠色(se)食品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治(zhi)應(ying)以農(nong)(nong)(nong)業防(fang)治(zhi)為(wei)主，提高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)自身(shen)抗(kang)性，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)發(fa)生與危(wei)害(hai)。選用(yong)抗(kang)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)較強(qiang)的(de)(de)良種(zhong)(zhong)，如鄂茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)8號、五峰(feng)212等(deng)品種(zhong)(zhong)。合理(li)密植，采(cai)用(yong)雙行(xing)雙株(zhu)或(huo)(huo)雙行(xing)單株(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)植方式，畝植5000—6000株(zhu)。適時修剪，成齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)根(gen)據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)樹(shu)勢在茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結束或(huo)(huo)春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)前進(jin)行(xing)輕(qing)修剪，春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)結束后進(jin)行(xing)重(zhong)修剪，并同(tong)時剪去(qu)枯弱枝(zhi)、病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)和(he)(he)徒(tu)長枝(zhi)。平衡(heng)(heng)(heng)施肥，根(gen)據生產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類(lei)和(he)(he)土壤肥力合理(li)配比氮、磷、鉀三要素(su)比例，保(bao)持茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)營養(yang)平衡(heng)(heng)(heng)，增強(qiang)抗(kang)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)能力。中耕除草，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)深翻除草，既能使有些害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)蛹和(he)(he)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)暴露于地(di)表而死(si)亡，又能減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)寄(ji)生場所。分批多次采(cai)摘(zhai)，此法可抵制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)小綠葉(xie)蟬、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蚜的(de)(de)發(fa)生，也可減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)部(bu)分螨類(lei)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。冬季清園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消毒，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結束，將茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以及(ji)(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)四(si)周的(de)(de)枯枝(zhi)落葉(xie)、雜草蒿桿清理(li)出(chu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)燒毀或(huo)(huo)深埋，同(tong)時噴施45%晶體石(shi)硫合劑封(feng)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，以減(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)冬基數，減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)來年危(wei)害(hai)。（2）生物防(fang)治(zhi)。利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)天(tian)敵昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)致病菌、農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)抗(kang)生素(su)及(ji)(ji)其它生防(fang)制(zhi)(zhi)劑等(deng)控制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)為(wei)害(hai)，利(li)(li)(li)于保(bao)持生態(tai)平衡(heng)(heng)(heng)。（3）普及(ji)(ji)物理(li)防(fang)治(zhi)。采(cai)用(yong)人工捕殺，減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蠶(can)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)麗紋象甲等(deng)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)危(wei)害(hai)；利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)趨性，進(jin)行(xing)燈(deng)光(guang)誘(you)殺、色(se)板誘(you)殺或(huo)(huo)異性誘(you)殺。

8、茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)：（1）扁(bian)(bian)形茶(cha)(cha)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)技術工(gong)(gong)序 扁(bian)(bian)形茶(cha)(cha)在名優茶(cha)(cha)中占比(bi)例最大(da)(da)，市場容量大(da)(da)。扁(bian)(bian)形茶(cha)(cha)制作工(gong)(gong)藝流程為(wei)鮮(xian)葉(xie)攤(tan)放（薄(bo)(bo)攤(tan)6—10小(xiao)時(shi)）→殺青（鍋(guo)溫280oC殺青3-5分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→冷(leng)(leng)卻（風機(ji)協(xie)助冷(leng)(leng)卻）→理條（鍋(guo)溫160oC理條3—5分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→壓(ya)扁(bian)(bian)（鍋(guo)溫120oC5—8分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→煇鍋(guo)（鍋(guo)溫120oC—90o炒(chao)干）→歸(gui)堆→裝箱等8道工(gong)(gong)序。使成茶(cha)(cha)外形扁(bian)(bian)平挺直，香高持久(jiu)，滋味濃爽。（2）條形（炒(chao)青）茶(cha)(cha)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)技術工(gong)(gong)序 條形茶(cha)(cha)又叫炒(chao)青綠茶(cha)(cha)，制作工(gong)(gong)藝流程為(wei)鮮(xian)葉(xie)經攤(tan)放（薄(bo)(bo)攤(tan)6—10小(xiao)時(shi)）→殺青（鍋(guo)溫380oC殺青3—5分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→冷(leng)(leng)卻（風機(ji)協(xie)助冷(leng)(leng)卻）→揉捻（輕(qing)5分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重10分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)輕(qing)3分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重加(jia)(jia)壓(ya)）→炒(chao)二(er)青（鍋(guo)溫180oC5—10分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→回(hui)潮（薄(bo)(bo)攤(tan)）→炒(chao)干（鍋(guo)溫90oC左右(you)炒(chao)干）→歸(gui)堆裝箱等8道工(gong)(gong)序。使成茶(cha)(cha)條索緊結(jie)，色澤油潤，湯(tang)色嫩(nen)綠明亮(liang)，天(tian)然香氣持久(jiu)，滋味醇(chun)厚，葉(xie)底嫩(nen)勻。

專用標志使用

經審核符(fu)合標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)條件的，九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)登記證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)持有(you)人(ren)，通山(shan)(shan)縣九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)協(xie)會(hui)應(ying)按照生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)年(nian)(nian)度與標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)申請人(ren)簽訂農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)議，在(zai)(zai)協(xie)議中(zhong)載明適用(yong)(yong)數量、范圍及相關(guan)法(fa)律(lv)責任和(he)義務(wu)。協(xie)議有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)期為3年(nian)(nian)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)議生效(xiao)(xiao)后，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)方(fang)可在(zai)(zai)九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或者九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)包裝上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，并可以使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)登記的地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)行宣傳(chuan)和(he)參加展(zhan)覽、展(zhan)示和(he)展(zhan)銷活動。印刷農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)當(dang)符(fu)合《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)識設計使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)規(gui)范手(shou)冊》要求。全(quan)國可追溯(su)防偽加貼型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量安全(quan)中(zhong)心統一設計制作(zuo)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)可以根據要求選擇(ze)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。5.3使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)權的撤(che)銷獲準使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者或經營(ying)者，存在(zai)(zai)下(xia)列情況之(zhi)一的，由登記證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)持有(you)人(ren)通山(shan)(shan)縣九宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)協(xie)會(hui)，撤(che)銷其標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)權，并報送相關(guan)部門備(bei)案。

1、標志(zhi)使用人未嚴(yan)格按照九宮山茶質量(liang)控制技術規范(fan)進行生產的。

2、生(sheng)產(chan)區域超出(chu)九宮山(shan)茶登記保護范圍的。

3、買(mai)賣(mai)、轉讓、加(jia)貼標志的。

4、有證(zheng)據(ju)證(zheng)明生產經(jing)營的(de)(de)茶產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)不(bu)符合質(zhi)量控制技術規范要求的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特征和安全標準的(de)(de)。

5、未按照規定要(yao)求建(jian)立九宮山茶標志使用制度及(ji)產品(pin)可追溯檔案，標志使用檔案，拒絕接受相關(guan)部門監督(du)檢查的。

6、未經許可，標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)人擅自在其(qi)他產(chan)品上擴大使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)或超(chao)過協議期(qi)限(xian)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)。

生產情況

2019年(nian)，九宮山(shan)茶產地種(zhong)植規(gui)模1200公頃(qing)。

榮譽認證

2011年，通山(shan)縣(xian)九宮山(shan)有(you)機茶基地(di)所屬商(shang)標(biao)“九宮山(shan)”牌(pai)有(you)機茶獲(huo)湖北省著名商(shang)標(biao)稱號。

2013年，九宮(gong)山(shan)茶葉生產專業合作社(she)“九宮(gong)山(shan)”品牌茶葉獲2013年度全國供銷合作社(she)“百佳標準化(hua)農(nong)產品品牌”稱號(hao)。

2019年1月17日(ri)，中華人(ren)民共和國農(nong)業農(nong)村部批準對“九宮山(shan)茶”實(shi)施(shi)國家農(nong)產品地理(li)標志登記保護。

歷史起源

九(jiu)宮(gong)山種(zhong)植茶(cha)葉歷史悠久，晉代有(you)“入(ru)武(wu)昌山采茗”的記(ji)載，咸寧屬(shu)武(wu)昌郡，唯(wei)九(jiu)宮(gong)山是大(da)山，“武(wu)昌山”當指九(jiu)宮(gong)山一代，1958年(nian)和(he)1980年(nian)兩(liang)次在這里發現古原生茶(cha)樹后裔。

九宮(gong)山(shan)茶根植(zhi)于九宮(gong)山(shan)的道教文(wen)化(hua)，宋代山(shan)上(shang)便有“茶寮觀”，《九宮(gong)山(shan)志》載：“稚三峰高地(di)，有茶一(yi)頃”。

咸(xian)寧(ning)赤壁是中國綠茶的(de)故鄉，茶葉的(de)栽培與加工，在赤壁有著悠久(jiu)的(de)歷史。全市有千畝(mu)以(yi)上(shang)茶場(chang)4個，其中就(jiu)有通山闖王的(de)虎頭山茶場(chang)。

2016年，九宮山茶葉生產專業合作(zuo)社(she)成(cheng)功與清華大學海峽關(guan)系學院簽(qian)約(yue)成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)國首家產學研一體的示范(fan)基地。