明代的花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)曾修筑(zhu)(zhu)了三次(ci),第(di)一次(ci)是(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)統元年(1436年),寧夏(xia)(xia)總(zong)兵官史(shi)昭奏筑(zhu)(zhu),因城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)鹽湖旁(pang),故名為花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)營。遺址在(zai)(zai)今北(bei)大池(chi)東(dong)北(bei)角(jiao),呈(cheng)正(zheng)(zheng)方形(xing),邊(bian)長370米,門東(dong)開帶甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。第(di)二次(ci)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)天順年間(1457-1464年),“以城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)鹽池(chi)北(bei),孤(gu)懸寡(gua)援”為由,改筑(zhu)(zhu)花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(即今鹽池(chi)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng))。第(di)三次(ci)是(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)德(de)元年(1506年)一月,楊一清總(zong)制延綏、寧夏(xia)(xia)、甘肅(su)、陜西邊(bian)務,奏請修復(fu)自橫城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)至花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)的河(he)東(dong)墻,明武宗準其奏,由西向(xiang)東(dong)而筑(zhu)(zhu),只(zhi)修30里,因飲水飲食困難(nan),疾病(bing)流行(xing),役夫發(fa)生嘩變。楊一清知人心難(nan)犯,下令停筑(zhu)(zhu),許之以筑(zhu)(zhu)完花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即放(fang)散。5天筑(zhu)(zhu)完花(hua)(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),民(min)夫遣散。
花馬池城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻高(gao)三丈五尺(chi)(chi),周回七(qi)里三分(fen)(fen)。池深一丈五尺(chi)(chi),闊二丈。東(dong)、北二門,上有樓。東(dong)甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門南開名永(yong)寧,南甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東(dong)開名廣(guang)惠,北甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門東(dong)開名威勝。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以鼓樓為中軸,分(fen)(fen)東(dong)西、南北兩(liang)條(tiao)主要街道。萬歷(li)八年(nian)(1580年(nian))巡撫蕭(xiao)大亨甃以磚石。清乾(qian)隆六年(nian)(公元(yuan)1741年(nian))曾有修葺。
明正(zheng)統九(jiu)年(1444)置哨馬(ma)(ma)營,弘治六(liu)年(1493)巡撫、都御(yu)史(shi)韓文奏(zou)置花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池守御(yu)千戶所。正(zheng)德二年(1507),三邊總制、左都御(yu)史(shi)楊一清奏(zou)改花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池千戶所為寧夏后(hou)衛。天啟七年二月丙辰(1627年4月4日),兵部批復將花(hua)馬(ma)(ma)池改為鎮(zhen)。
康(kang)熙三十六年(nian)(nian)(1697)二(er)月,康(kang)熙帝親(qin)征(zheng)噶(ga)爾丹。二(er)月二(er)十日駐蹕花馬(ma)池城(cheng),在(zai)城(cheng)內文廟題寫了“萬世師(shi)表”匾額。雍正三年(nian)(nian)(1725)改置花馬(ma)池分州,隸靈州。1913年(nian)(nian)置鹽池縣。
2014年后,鹽池縣(xian)委、政府結合遺(yi)址保護,多(duo)次組(zu)織對(dui)花馬池城(cheng)墻進行(xing)修(xiu)茸(rong),恢復(fu)修(xiu)建了甕城(cheng)、魁星(xing)樓、城(cheng)樓、箭樓、角樓等。
花(hua)馬(ma)池東甕(weng)城(cheng)于(yu)(yu)天順年間(jian)(1457-1464年)建,門南(nan)開(kai)名(ming)永寧,清謝王(wang)寵(chong)曾題寫“花(hua)馬(ma)池”三(san)字(zi),非斜視(shi)(shi)不能辨(bian)認,取其“并(bing)足(zu)而(er)(er)立(li),側目(mu)而(er)(er)視(shi)(shi)”之意。于(yu)(yu)20世紀60年代(dai)末頹(tui)圮(pi)。2014年動(dong)工(gong)修(xiu)復。甕(weng)城(cheng)內建觀音閣(ge),甕(weng)城(cheng)上建東門樓(lou)、箭樓(lou)、南(nan)北魁(kui)星樓(lou)。均為歇山式(shi)屋(wu)頂的二層建筑物,斗拱(gong)交錯,雕梁(liang)畫棟(dong),朱漆艷(yan)麗。
花馬池南甕(weng)城于萬歷(li)三年(nian)(1575)筑,門(men)東開,名(ming)廣惠。甕(weng)城上建有城門(men)樓,二(er)層(ceng),磚木結構,內塑李太白像。后門(men)樓坍(tan)塌,塑像被毀。南甕(weng)城于20世紀60年(nian)代頹圮,2014年(nian)修(xiu)復,門(men)南開。
長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)坐(zuo)落在(zai)鹽池縣城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)門(men)六十(shi)步之外的深(shen)溝高(gao)壘之上。嘉(jia)靖九年(nian)(1530),寧夏副使齊(qi)之鸞根據兵(bing)(bing)部尚書、三邊(bian)總制王(wang)瓊(qiong)的授意(yi)修(xiu)筑而(er)成(cheng),《嘉(jia)靖寧夏新志》載:“花馬(ma)池營東者,為喉噤(jin)總要,則題(ti)曰‘長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)’。高(gao)臺(tai)層樓,雕革(ge)虎視,憑欄(lan)遠(yuan)眺,朔方(fang)形勢(shi),畢呈于(yu)下”。長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)上建有關(guan)(guan)樓,高(gao)聳雄(xiong)壯。上書“深(shen)溝高(gao)壘”“朔方(fang)天塹”“北(bei)門(men)鎖鑰”“防胡大塹”等字。下設暗門(men),門(men)外設市場,漢蒙每月(yue)交易3次。長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)是明萬里長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)二百多座雄(xiong)關(guan)(guan)中唯一以長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)命(ming)名的關(guan)(guan)隘。設守備監守營兵(bing)(bing)防守。今長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)建筑已(yi)毀(hui),僅存高(gao)大的墩(dun)臺(tai)。2016年(nian),在(zai)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)公園北(bei)新建長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)關(guan)(guan)。
九(jiu)曲(qu)(黃(huang)河龍門陣(zhen))民(min)俗文化園(yuan)位(wei)于鹽池(chi)縣(xian)城西北長城關北側(ce),屬(shu)于鹽池(chi)縣(xian)市民(min)森林休閑公園(yuan)民(min)俗文化園(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設項目,始(shi)建(jian)(jian)于2018年。
九(jiu)(jiu)曲,全稱九(jiu)(jiu)曲黃河(he)燈陣,也叫九(jiu)(jiu)曲黃河(he)龍門陣,俗稱轉九(jiu)(jiu)曲,是(shi)黃河(he)流域元(yuan)宵(xiao)節民(min)間游藝活(huo)動(dong)的一(yi)(yi)(yi)種群體活(huo)動(dong)形(xing)式(shi)。九(jiu)(jiu)曲乃曲曲折(zhe)折(zhe)之(zhi)意(yi),原意(yi)指(zhi)黃河(he)河(he)道之(zhi)曲折(zhe),其寓意(yi)是(shi)人生就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條小溪,千回(hui)百折(zhe),九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)歸一(yi)(yi)(yi)。轉完九(jiu)(jiu)曲意(yi)味(wei)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)年將消除(chu)災(zai)劫,平平安安。
黃(huang)河(he)龍(long)門(men)(men)陣(zhen)民(min)俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)占地面積12723.84平米(mi)(19.09畝),分(fen)為(wei)(wei)七星(xing)柱、烽火臺、九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)陣(zhen)、牌坊(fang)宮(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)和(he)影壁及燈桿(gan)雕塑以及外(wai)圍附屬工程五個(ge)(ge)部分(fen)。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)龍(long)門(men)(men)長22.6米(mi),高(gao)(gao)13.11米(mi);七星(xing)柱直(zhi)徑為(wei)(wei)3.9米(mi),高(gao)(gao)度24.5米(mi);烽火臺高(gao)(gao)度為(wei)(wei)9.37米(mi)。九(jiu)個(ge)(ge)小宮(gong)(gong)平面鋪(pu)開(kai),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)八卦(gua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)布局。九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)正宮(gong)(gong)、四(si)偏宮(gong)(gong)各按方(fang)位設色,按卦(gua)像取(qu)義(yi),按精(jing)靈取(qu)紋,中宮(gong)(gong)屬于土(tu)色黃(huang),覆(fu)蓋于吉(ji)樣(yang)塔土(tu)臺之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia),并以小門(men)(men)洞與(yu)各宮(gong)(gong)相(xiang)連,讓游(you)人(ren)了(le)解八卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)、義(yi)、色、像和(he)精(jing)。在(zai)九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)個(ge)(ge)角設置暸望烽火臺,體現(xian)雄壯(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大漠邊關文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)水渠和(he)跨水橋梁,喻(yu)天圓地方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)意。九(jiu)曲(qu)(qu)(黃(huang)河(he)龍(long)門(men)(men)陣(zhen))民(min)俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)把古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)河(he)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、濃郁的(de)(de)(de)(de)絲(si)路風(feng)情、悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)邊塞(sai)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)俗風(feng)情凝聚、幻化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)絢麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)彩虹,展現(xian)在(zai)寧夏的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)大門(men)(men),成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)鹽池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)響亮名片。
寧(ning)夏長(chang)城博物館是展(zhan)示中(zhong)國長(chang)城文化的博物館,布(bu)展(zhan)面積3400平米,2018年實(shi)施。
寧夏長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)博物館分(fen)西(xi)大(da)廳(ting)和東大(da)廳(ting)。西(xi)大(da)廳(ting)為中(zhong)國(guo)歷代長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)展(zhan)廳(ting),東大(da)廳(ting)為花馬池(chi)明長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)展(zhan)廳(ting)。西(xi)大(da)廳(ting)分(fen)為三部分(fen):萬里長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)萬古(gu)雄風;城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)彼朔(shuo)方控(kong)扼塞上(shang);不(bu)到長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)非好漢。較(jiao)為系(xi)統地展(zhan)示了(le)春秋戰國(guo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、秦始(shi)皇時期的防胡(hu)大(da)塹,絲路雄關—西(xi)漢長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),北(bei)魏、北(bei)齊(qi)、北(bei)周長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),隋長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),遼金長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以及(ji)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)著名關隘勝跡(ji)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)其附屬(shu)設施、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)武備(bei)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)等內容,其主題為長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族燦爛文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的驕(jiao)傲。東大(da)廳(ting)較(jiao)為全面的展(zhan)陳(chen)了(le)花馬池(chi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡、墩臺(tai)、戰臺(tai)等軍(jun)事防御體系(xi)構筑的背景、分(fen)布、建筑狀(zhuang)況以及(ji)戰事和駐守將領。
長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關、烽火臺、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡等古代(dai)軍(jun)(jun)事設(she)施見證了金(jin)戈鐵馬、刀(dao)光劍影,銘刻著太(tai)多的(de)時代(dai)變遷、王朝興衰,是(shi)一份極為寶貴的(de)文化(hua)遺產(chan)。走進鹽池長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)博物館(guan),再睹中國歷代(dai)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和鹽池明長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)完備的(de)軍(jun)(jun)事防御體系(xi),重溫歷史(shi),長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)精神和民(min)族夢想當(dang)會永遠綿延在我(wo)們(men)的(de)心中。