形態特征
涼粉草(cao)又(you)名仙人草(cao),仙人凍,仙草(cao),為唇形(xing)科植(zhi)物,莖(jing)下(xia)部(bu)(bu)伏(fu)地,上部(bu)(bu)直立,葉卵(luan)形(xing)或卵(luan)狀長圓(yuan)形(xing),先端稍(shao)鈍,基(ji)部(bu)(bu)漸收縮(suo)成(cheng)柄,邊緣(yuan)有(you)小鋸齒(chi),兩面(mian)均有(you)疏長毛;著生于花序上部(bu)(bu)的(de)葉較小,呈苞片狀,卵(luan)形(xing)至倒三角形(xing),較花短,基(ji)部(bu)(bu)常帶淡紫色,結果時脫落。總(zong)狀花序柔弱,花小,輪生,萼小,鐘(zhong)狀,2唇形(xing),上唇3裂(lie),下(xia)唇全緣(yuan),結果時或筒(tong)狀,下(xia)彎,有(you)縱脈(mo)及橫皺紋(wen);花冠(guan)淡紅色,上唇闊,全緣(yuan)或齒(chi)裂(lie),下(xia)唇長橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing),凹陷(xian);雄蕊(rui)4,花絲突出;雌(ci)蕊(rui)1,花柱2裂(lie);花盤一邊膨大。小堅果橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing)。花期秋季末。多分布(bu)中國南(nan)部(bu)(bu)。
分布范圍
產地范圍為(wei)廣東省增城市(shi)派潭鎮、小樓鎮、正果(guo)鎮、中新(xin)鎮、朱村街道辦事(shi)(shi)處(chu)、荔城街道辦事(shi)(shi)處(chu)、增江街道辦事(shi)(shi)處(chu)7個鎮街道所轄行政區域。
主要價值
派潭(tan)涼(liang)粉草具(ju)有(you)(you)葉濃、枝幼,曬干(gan)后(hou)色黑(hei)而(er)有(you)(you)光(guang)澤(ze)的(de)(de)特點(dian),含粘膠(jiao)質(zhi)豐富。是(shi)制作“涼(liang)粉糕”、涼(liang)茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)上等原(yuan)料(liao)。呈透明墨茶(cha)(cha)色,有(you)(you)特殊香(xiang)味,拌上糖漿爽滑可口(kou),是(shi)盛(sheng)夏理想的(de)(de)天然(ran)的(de)(de)清熱解暑食(shi)品(pin)。涼(liang)粉草還可作藥用(yong),其性涼(liang),味甘淡,能防治中暑、感冒、高血壓,對骨節疼痛亦有(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)療效。派潭(tan)涼(liang)粉草早負(fu)盛(sheng)名(ming)(ming),種植廣闊,每(mei)逢收獲季(ji)節,各地商賈(jia)前往(wang)收購囤積(ji),然(ran)后(hou)遠(yuan)銷港澳地區及菲律賓、新加坡、泰國(guo)(guo)、印(yin)尼(ni)、日本等東南亞國(guo)(guo)家。據說,著名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)涼(liang)茶(cha)(cha)品(pin)牌(pai)“王老吉”所需(xu)要的(de)(de)涼(liang)粉草原(yuan)料(liao),有(you)(you)八成是(shi)出自派潭(tan)優質(zhi)涼(liang)粉草。
專用標志
派潭涼粉(fen)草地理標志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)保護(hu)產(chan)地范圍內的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)者,可向廣東省(sheng)(sheng)增城市質(zhi)量技(ji)術監(jian)督局(ju)(ju)(ju)提出使用(yong)“地理標志(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)專(zhuan)用(yong)標志(zhi)”的(de)申請,經廣東省(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)量技(ji)術監(jian)督局(ju)(ju)(ju)審核(he),由國家質(zhi)檢總局(ju)(ju)(ju)公告批準(zhun)。派潭涼粉(fen)草的(de)法定(ding)檢測機構由廣東省(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)量技(ji)術監(jian)督局(ju)(ju)(ju)負責(ze)指定(ding)。
質量特色
1、感官特色:葉多、葉厚,有光澤,特有醇(chun)香味。
2、理(li)化指(zhi)標(biao):葉重比例(li)≥25%,含水量≤14%。
3、安全要求:產品安全指標必須達到國(guo)家對同(tong)類產品的相關規(gui)定(ding)。
文化背景
據傳唐(tang)朝年間(jian),增城(cheng)(cheng)地(di)區遭逢大旱,百姓生(sheng)活艱苦,很(hen)多(duo)(duo)人(ren)(ren)中暑病倒,當(dang)地(di)的(de)一名藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)看(kan)到這種情(qing)況非常痛(tong)心,于(yu)是(shi)(shi)決心要(yao)幫助百姓渡(du)過難關,聽說何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)(人(ren)(ren)們(men)尊稱她為(wei)七姐)的(de)洞(dong)府里種植者(zhe)能夠消暑醫病的(de)仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao),藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)便決心找(zhao)到何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)向她討要(yao)仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao),拯(zheng)救(jiu)世(shi)人(ren)(ren)。藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)翻山越嶺,披荊(jing)斬棘,攀(pan)藤(teng)授巖不知經歷了(le)(le)多(duo)(duo)少磨難,終(zhong)于(yu)找(zhao)了(le)(le)何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)的(de)洞(dong)府,看(kan)見(jian)何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)在(zai)和(he)一個道人(ren)(ren)下棋,回首看(kan)見(jian)他,何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)問他到此有何(he)(he)事,藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)便把家鄉(xiang)大旱,人(ren)(ren)們(men)生(sheng)活艱難和(he)中暑之事告訴何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu),并向其(qi)乞求(qiu)賜下仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)拯(zheng)救(jiu)家鄉(xiang)父(fu)老,何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)被藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)的(de)救(jiu)濟蒼生(sheng)的(de)善心所感動,于(yu)是(shi)(shi)帶藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)出(chu)洞(dong),藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)看(kan)見(jian)不少奇(qi)花異草(cao)(cao)(cao),都是(shi)(shi)名貴的(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)藥(yao),何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)教(jiao)他一一認識后,采(cai)(cai)了(le)(le)一些仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)后將草(cao)(cao)(cao)結成馬,用(yong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)馬送(song)藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)返家,藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)從(cong)何(he)(he)仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)那采(cai)(cai)來的(de)仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)救(jiu)治了(le)(le)很(hen)多(duo)(duo)人(ren)(ren),后來草(cao)(cao)(cao)馬停在(zai)增城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)鳳凰山上變成了(le)(le)一棵草(cao)(cao)(cao)永遠(yuan)留在(zai)了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)間(jian),這就是(shi)(shi)現在(zai)被人(ren)(ren)們(men)廣泛種植的(de)派(pai)潭涼粉草(cao)(cao)(cao),這也是(shi)(shi)至今當(dang)地(di)人(ren)(ren)將涼粉草(cao)(cao)(cao)仍稱之為(wei)“仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)”或“神仙(xian)(xian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)”的(de)原因。