一.產品介紹
沂源(yuan)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)歷史悠久,據《沂源(yuan)縣志》記(ji)載:清朝末年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始種植,迄今(jin)已有(you)100多年(nian)(nian)的歷史,大(da)張莊、黃莊、張家坡等鄉(鎮)為(wei)主(zhu)要產(chan)地(di),其他砂質地(di)帶都有(you)種植。沂源(yuan)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)是當地(di)的主(zhu)要油料作(zuo)物(wu)和經(jing)濟作(zuo)物(wu),歷史以來農民(min)就有(you)喜歡種植的傳統習慣(guan)。1949年(nian)(nian)播(bo)種3.2萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1956年(nian)(nian)播(bo)種面(mian)積(ji)7.7萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1958年(nian)(nian)以后受“以糧為(wei)綱”的影響,到(dao)1961年(nian)(nian)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)積(ji)減壓2萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1970年(nian)(nian)恢復到(dao)3.2萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1980年(nian)(nian)起,種植結構得到(dao)調整,花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)積(ji)再度(du)擴(kuo)大(da),產(chan)量逐(zhu)步(bu)提高(gao)。1985年(nian)(nian)播(bo)種5.39萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1990年(nian)(nian)播(bo)種4.78萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。到(dao)目前每年(nian)(nian)種植5萬余畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。專(zhuan)業(ye)合作(zuo)社成員,有(you)4個花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)為(wei)有(you)機食品(pin)(pin),國家級有(you)機花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)6000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。
二.自然(ran)生態環境(jing)和人(ren)文歷史因素
沂(yi)源(yuan)(yuan)縣地處山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省的(de)(de)(de)中部,淄博市最南端,屬沂(yi)蒙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區,因沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)發源(yuan)(yuan)地而得名。地理(li)坐(zuo)標:東(dong)經(jing)117°48'~118°31',北(bei)緯35°55'~36°23'。全(quan)縣總面(mian)積1636平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li),轄13個(ge)鄉(鎮(zhen)、辦(ban)事處),640個(ge)行政村(居(ju)委(wei)會)。屬中低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵區,整個(ge)地勢(shi)西北(bei)高,東(dong)南低(di)(di),沿沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)向傾(qing)斜。境(jing)內山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒(luan)起伏,溝壑縱橫(heng),有(you)(you)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頭1983座,最高點魯山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)群峰(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)挺拔(ba)峻秀(xiu),風(feng)景迷人(ren),海拔(ba)1108.3米,是山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省第四高峰(feng)。最低(di)(di)點東(dong)南沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)谷地,海拔(ba)180米。地貌類型有(you)(you)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘陵、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前(qian)傾(qing)斜平(ping)(ping)(ping)地等。境(jing)內有(you)(you)大(da)小河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)1530條(tiao)。其中沂(yi)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)經(jing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)、江蘇8縣市,沂(yi)源(yuan)(yuan)境(jing)內全(quan)長84.6公(gong)(gong)里(li)。沂(yi)源(yuan)(yuan)縣屬暖溫(wen)(wen)帶季(ji)風(feng)區域(yu)大(da)陸性半濕(shi)潤氣候(hou),四季(ji)分明(ming),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)11.9℃,無霜期189天,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)2660.6小時(shi),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)量720.8mm。降(jiang)水分布具有(you)(you)雨(yu)熱同(tong)期的(de)(de)(de)特點,與花生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長節奏相吻(wen)合(he),花生(sheng)開花下(xia)針期適宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度、濕(shi)潤的(de)(de)(de)氣候(hou)和充足的(de)(de)(de)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)非常有(you)(you)利于果針伸長和入(ru)土,光(guang)(guang)能資源(yuan)(yuan)居(ju)全(quan)省之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)百分率為(wei)(wei)利于果針伸長和入(ru)土,光(guang)(guang)能資源(yuan)(yuan)居(ju)全(quan)省之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)百分率為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠, 處在發展(zhan)林果的(de)(de)(de)最佳(jia)部位(wei)。
三.地域范圍
沂源花(hua)生地域保護范圍位于東(dong)經117°48'~118°31',北緯35°55'~36°23'之間,沂源縣地處(chu)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)的中部,淄(zi)博(bo)市最(zui)南端(duan),屬沂蒙山(shan)區,東(dong)至大(da)張(zhang)莊鎮(zhen)向陽峪村(cun);西至大(da)張(zhang)莊鎮(zhen)南慢村(cun);南至大(da)張(zhang)莊鎮(zhen)閑場村(cun);北至大(da)張(zhang)莊鎮(zhen)赤板村(cun);地理坐(zuo)標(biao)為東(dong)經117°57'~118°3',北緯35°59'~36°4',地域保護種植面(mian)積3500公頃,年總產量(liang)13125噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)(te)性特(te)(te)征(zheng)
1、外(wai)在感官(guan)特征:沂源花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)質優良,以(yi)顆粒飽滿、色澤鮮(xian)(xian)艷(yan)、清脆香甜,無(wu)黃(huang)曲霉素著稱于(yu)世(shi),能提供人體所需的多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)營養,長期食用對人體健(jian)康十分有益(yi)。新鮮(xian)(xian)度:新鮮(xian)(xian)、清潔,莢(jia)(jia)果(guo)(guo)網紋清晰,籽粒色澤鮮(xian)(xian)艷(yan)。無(wu)不(bu)正(zheng)常外(wai)來水分,莢(jia)(jia)果(guo)(guo)和花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)具(ju)有本(ben)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的基本(ben)特性。色澤:具(ju)有本(ben)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)所固有的色澤,所加(jia)工的花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)油(you)氣味(wei)濃香,色澤明(ming)亮。風(feng)味(wei):具(ju)有本(ben)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)特有的風(feng)味(wei),可加(jia)工成脫皮花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)、油(you)炸花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)米、風(feng)味(wei)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)等系列(lie)產品(pin)。腐爛:莢(jia)(jia)果(guo)(guo)無(wu)腐果(guo)(guo)、爛果(guo)(guo)、蟲食果(guo)(guo),芽果(guo)(guo)。整齊度:果(guo)(guo)粒均勻(yun)、籽粒飽滿。
2、內(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)指標:沂源花生(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)的營(ying)養(yang)成分(fen)(fen)有脂肪,含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量≥42.0%,蛋白質(zhi)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量≥24.0%。花生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)(ren)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)有豐(feng)富(fu)的維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素,其(qi)中(zhong)以(yi)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素E為(wei)最(zui)多,含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量≥80.0mg/kg,花生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)(ren)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)有豐(feng)富(fu)的鈣、磷、硒等營(ying)養(yang)成分(fen)(fen),其(qi)中(zhong)鈣含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量≥50.0mg/100g,磷含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量≥2.60×102,硒含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量2×10-2,花生(sheng)(sheng)仁(ren)(ren)可提供八種人體所需的氨(an)基酸及(ji)不飽和脂肪酸、卵磷脂、膽堿、胡蘿卜素、粗纖維(wei)等有利于(yu)人體健康的營(ying)養(yang)成分(fen)(fen)。
3、安全要求“沂源(yuan)花(hua)生”必須達(da)到(dao)農業部“有機花(hua)生”GB/T19630.1/3/4的指標
五(wu).特定生產方式
1、范圍:本部分適用于我縣境內沂源花生的(de)生產。
2、生產技術措(cuo)施:
(1)產地環境及土(tu)壤條件(jian)。
(2)耕地與(yu)施肥(fei)。
(3)選用良種。
(4)適(shi)期足墑播種(zhong)。
(5)田間管理。
3、適時收獲
4、加工、儲運、記錄