芒果视频

一.產品介紹

石榴種植主(zhu)要分(fen)布(bu)在嶧城(cheng)區榴園(yuan)鎮轄區內的王府山莊、魏(wei)樓、白樓、曹馬、小莊子、北孫(sun)莊、和(he)順莊、朱村(cun)等八個(ge)行政村(cun)。地(di)勢北高南低，平均(jun)海(hai)拔185米，耕地(di)面積 9.4萬畝，四季分(fen)明，光(guang)照充足，雨(yu)熱同期(qi)(qi)，光(guang)、熱、水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)時序變化(hua)與作物生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)(qi)匹(pi)配良好(hao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)土(tu)保持良好(hao)，生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)優(you)異，系國家(jia)級生(sheng)(sheng)態示范區、省級標準化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)。基(ji)地(di)遠離工礦企業，大氣(qi)、土(tu)壤(rang)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)優(you)良，具有發展無公害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)、綠色食品(pin)、有機(ji)食品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的獨(du)特條件和(he)優(you)勢。

二.自然生態環境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因素(su)

1、土壤(rang)地貌(mao)情(qing)況：嶧城石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)園地處(chu)魯中南丘陵邊緣(yuan)地帶，地貌(mao)類型多(duo)樣，山區土壤(rang)為石(shi)(shi)灰質(zhi)、巖母(mu)質(zhi)發育的沙土和棕壤(rang)，呈中性到微(wei)堿性反應(ying)。山中下部土層(ceng)較(jiao)厚，孔隙度好，水肥氣熱協調，經取土化(hua)驗(yan)，耕(geng)層(ceng)土壤(rang)養分含量(liang)為有機質(zhi)1.46%，氮(dan)含量(liang)0.08%，速效(xiao)磷12mg/kg，速效(xiao)鉀105.3mg/kg，堿解氮(dan)88mg/kg，有利于石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)的生長(chang)。

2、水(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況(kuang)：石(shi)榴園(yuan)處(chu)于大山深(shen)處(chu)，年均(jun)降水(shui)量895mm，石(shi)榴生長期間的(de)降水(shui)占(zhan)全(quan)年降水(shui)量的(de)85%以上，非常(chang)有利(li)于石(shi)榴生長發(fa)育的(de)需要，為降低生產成(cheng)本提供了極其(qi)便利(li)的(de)自然條件。

3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況(kuang)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)光(guang)照充足，熱量(liang)資(zi)源豐富，氣(qi)(qi)候溫暖，雨(yu)熱同期，有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，光(guang)照條(tiao)件良(liang)好(hao)，雨(yu)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，四(si)季分明。光(guang)照：年(nian)日照時(shi)數2376.0小時(shi)，日照百分率49%，年(nian)光(guang)輻射量(liang)117.5千(qian)卡(ka)/平(ping)方(fang)厘米，有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)光(guang)合作用(yong)。溫度：年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫13.9℃，≥10℃積溫，4629.5℃，7月均氣(qi)(qi)溫最(zui)低(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)-1.4℃，全(quan)年(nian)無霜(shuang)期193天。有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發育(yu)。降(jiang)水(shui)：年(nian)均降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期間(jian)的(de)降(jiang)水(shui)占全(quan)年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)85%以(yi)上(shang)，非(fei)常有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發育(yu)的(de)需要(yao)(yao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低(di)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本提供了(le)極其便(bian)利的(de)自然條(tiao)件。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)鎮石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)條(tiao)件優越，農(nong)(nong)民具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)熟的(de)栽培(pei)管理(li)經驗。溝、渠、路、橋、閘、水(shui)、涵、電、林(lin)網配套齊全(quan)設施(shi)良(liang)好(hao)，灌溉用(yong)水(shui)無污染。 4、人(ren)文歷史(shi)情況(kuang)：嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)舊(jiu)稱嶧(yi)縣(xian)(xian)，自西漢(han)設縣(xian)(xian)以(yi)來(lai)，在歷代(dai)興替沿(yan)革中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)直是州縣(xian)(xian)治所，1962年(nian)建制(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)市(shi)(shi)轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)歷史(shi)悠久，文化(hua)(hua)(hua)燦爛，名(ming)人(ren)輩(bei)出，“一(yi)代(dai)鴻(hong)儒”蕭望之，“散金濟(ji)(ji)(ji)貧”的(de)疏(shu)廣、疏(shu)受，“鑿壁(bi)偷光(guang)”的(de)漢(han)相匡(kuang)衡，“克己恭(gong)儉”的(de)王良(liang)及明代(dai)兵部(bu)右侍郎賈三近(jin)等皆出于(yu)(yu)嶧(yi)地。嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)悠久的(de)栽培(pei)歷史(shi)。據《博物志》記(ji)載，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)西域，西漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)年(nian)間(jian)，漢(han)使張騫從涂林(lin)安(an)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國（現伊朗）引入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)。丞相匡(kuang)衡從皇(huang)家(jia)(jia)上(shang)林(lin)苑引至家(jia)(jia)鄉（今(jin)(jin)山東省棗莊市(shi)(shi)嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)匡(kuang)談村）栽培(pei)，到現在已有(you)(you)(you)2000多年(nian)的(de)歷史(shi)，1987年(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花(hua)被(bei)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)棗莊市(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)花(hua)，至今(jin)(jin)發展成(cheng)十萬余(yu)(yu)(yu)畝(mu)的(de)規模。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)委、區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政(zheng)府立足石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源優勢，著(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)下功夫，在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)上(shang)做文章，有(you)(you)(you)力提高了(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)科(ke)技含(han)量(liang)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)附加(jia)值。以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，建立健全(quan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)操(cao)作規程(cheng)，加(jia)大生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)節監(jian)管，2002年(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)”牌石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部(bu)認定為(wei)(wei)(wei)無公(gong)害農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，同年(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基地列入山東省標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)基地；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，組建了(le)全(quan)國最(zui)大的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)，1992年(nian)嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)辟(pi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國友好(hao)觀光(guang)年(nian)“花(hua)之路”旅(lv)游(you)(you)線主要(yao)(yao)旅(lv)游(you)(you)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之一(yi)，年(nian)接待中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)游(you)(you)客15萬人(ren)，2007年(nian)被(bei)國家(jia)(jia)命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)AAAA級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)態(tai)旅(lv)游(you)(you)示(shi)范(fan)景區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深加(jia)工企業(ye)(ye)3處，年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料2000萬聽，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶(cha)500噸，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸；組建石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷協會1個，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集(ji)散市(shi)(shi)場8處，創(chuang)造營銷額(e)近(jin)9000余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬元(yuan)；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆藝開(kai)(kai)(kai)發為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)相繼建立了(le)康居盆景園(yuan)(yuan)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)，年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景5萬盆，年(nian)創(chuang)效益1500余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬元(yuan)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國獨一(yi)無二的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景花(hua)卉市(shi)(shi)場；以(yi)庭(ting)院經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，扶持石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭(ting)院經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發村8個，發展特色經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)示(shi)范(fan)戶200余(yu)(yu)(yu)戶，年(nian)創(chuang)社會效益800余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬元(yuan)。在做大、做強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)同時(shi)，嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)不斷加(jia)強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種(zhong)質(zhi)資(zi)源保護(hu)，投資(zi)8600余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬元(yuan)建設了(le)省級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)，規劃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種(zhong)質(zhi)示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)80畝(mu)。預計項目(mu)建成(cheng)后，可引進國內(nei)外(wai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種(zhong)80余(yu)(yu)(yu)個，將成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)擁(yong)有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種(zhong)最(zui)多的(de)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

嶧(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)榴的地域保護范圍為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)棗莊市嶧(yi)城(cheng)區境內。地理(li)坐標為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)經(jing)117°22'－49'，北緯34°35'－51'，東(dong)西(xi)長41km，南(nan)北寬30.9km，品種43個，代表品種有(you)大(da)青皮、大(da)紅袍、大(da)馬牙、謝花(hua)甜(tian)、冰糖(tang)籽等(deng)。嶧(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)榴也因其面(mian)積大(da)、品種多、產量(liang)高而成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國主(zhu)要的石(shi)榴生產基地之一。1996年被國家農業部命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“中國石(shi)榴之鄉”；依托(tuo)石(shi)榴資源開發的“中華(hua)冠世榴園(yuan)”于2001年被上(shang)海(hai)吉尼斯(si)大(da)世界總部命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉尼斯(si)大(da)世界之最”；也是“國家級生態示范區”，2002年被山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)府命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)無(wu)公害石(shi)榴生產基地。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征

1、外在感官特征：嶧城石榴(liu)果(guo)(guo)實呈圓(yuan)球形，成熟后果(guo)(guo)皮亮麗，質感厚重，單果(guo)(guo)重600-1000克，一般(ban)2年開花、3年結果(guo)(guo)，不僅可供鮮食，亦可加工成高(gao)級(ji)清(qing)涼飲。

2、內在品質指標(biao)：嶧城石榴以其源遠(yuan)流長的(de)(de)發展(zhan)歷史，具有個(ge)大(da)、汁多(duo)、味甜、質優(you)、豐產(chan)、耐(nai)貯運等特點，獨(du)具一格(ge)的(de)(de)地方特色，享譽古今中(zhong)(zhong)外，其果(guo)實(shi)(shi)味酸甜、性溫(wen)澀、富含多(duo)種營養(yang)，經現(xian)代醫(yi)學測定（山東省農科院分(fen)析(xi)結果(guo)）石榴籽中(zhong)(zhong)含有較多(duo)的(de)(de)糖(tang)(tang)份，100g可(ke)食(shi)果(guo)含可(ke)溶性果(guo)酸3.75g/100g；果(guo)糖(tang)(tang)15 g/100g；還原型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣(gai)1.98m g/100g，等微量元素(su)的(de)(de)含量比一般(ban)水果(guo)高，而脂(zhi)肪、蛋白(bai)質的(de)(de)含量較少，且有較高的(de)(de)營養(yang)保健和醫(yi)補(bu)價值。果(guo)實(shi)(shi)以鮮吃為主。

3、安全要求(qiu)：石(shi)(shi)榴種植基(ji)地位于(yu)嶧城(cheng)區(qu)駐(zhu)地西部(bu)(bu)，距(ju)城(cheng)區(qu)5km，是山東省標準(zhun)化生產(chan)基(ji)地（基(ji)地環(huan)境已檢(jian)測，報告編號(hao)20022602）。所產(chan)石(shi)(shi)榴于(yu)2004年獲農業部(bu)(bu)無公害(hai)農產(chan)品(pin)認證（證書編號(hao):WGH-04-02214），2007年獲有機食品(pin)認證(證書編號(hao):COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五(wu).特(te)定生產方式(shi)

1、產地選擇與特殊內(nei)容規定：嶧城(cheng)石(shi)榴(liu)選擇空(kong)氣清新(xin)、大(da)氣未受污(wu)染、環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)符合國家大(da)氣環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)GB3905-82中(zhong)所列的一級(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)。基地應(ying)選離公路(lu)、鐵路(lu)主要(yao)交通(tong)干線(xian)及工(gong)礦區，避(bi)開工(gong)業及城(cheng)市污(wu)染源(yuan)影響，距(ju)離要(yao)大(da)于5km。

2、品種(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)與特定要求：嶧(yi)城石榴品種(zhong)和砧木的選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)應以區域化(hua)(hua)和良種(zhong)化(hua)(hua)為基礎，遵照(zhao)石榴區劃，結合當(dang)地自(zi)然條件(jian)，選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)優良品種(zhong)，實(shi)行適(shi)地適(shi)栽。在(zai)我區適(shi)宜發展大(da)紅袍、大(da)青(qing)皮(pi)、大(da)馬牙等石榴品種(zhong)。石榴多用枝條扦插繁殖，不需砧木。

3、生產過程管理：

①栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)整地(di)(di)：按行(xing)(xing)株距(ju)挖深寬0.8-1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)穴，溝(gou)穴底填厚30cm左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)作物秸稈。挖出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表土(tu)(tu)(tu)與足量(liang)腐熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)回填溝(gou)穴中(zhong)。待填至低于地(di)(di)面(mian)20cm后(hou)灌水澆透(tou)，使土(tu)(tu)(tu)沉實(shi)，然(ran)后(hou)覆上一層表土(tu)(tu)(tu)保墑(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式與密(mi)度(du)(du)：平地(di)(di)、灘地(di)(di)和6度(du)(du)以下的(de)(de)(de)(de)緩坡(po)地(di)(di)為長方(fang)形栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，6-15度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坡(po)地(di)(di)為等高(gao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。授粉樹(shu)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)：建園時可選用2-4個(ge)以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)良品種，按等量(liang)成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)，也可實(shi)行(xing)(xing)差(cha)量(liang)成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)（主(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)品種與授粉品種的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比(bi)例4-4.5:1）。苗木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇與處理：選擇苗高(gao)80-100cm，具較大(da)側(ce)根(gen)3-5條，無大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劈傷、撕(si)傷。核實(shi)品種，剔(ti)除不合格(ge)苗木(mu)，修(xiu)剪(jian)根(gen)系，用水浸根(gen)后(hou)，分級栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時間：石(shi)榴苗木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一般(ban)在(zai)春(chun)(chun)季(ji)進行(xing)(xing)，從土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤解凍(dong)到芽萌動，越晚越好。也可秋(qiu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，10月下旬到12月上旬，越早越好。雨季(ji)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要在(zai)陰(yin)天冒雨進行(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術：在(zai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)內(nei)按株距(ju)挖深寬30cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴將(jiang)苗木(mu)放(fang)入穴中(zhong)央(yang)，舒展根(gen)系，扶正苗木(mu)，縱(zong)橫(heng)成(cheng)行(xing)(xing)，邊填土(tu)(tu)(tu)邊提苗、踏實(shi)。填土(tu)(tu)(tu)完畢在(zai)樹(shu)苗周(zhou)圍做直徑1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)盤，立(li)即(ji)灌水，澆后(hou)覆蓋地(di)(di)膜(mo)保墑(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深度(du)(du)以苗木(mu)出(chu)圃時的(de)(de)(de)(de)深度(du)(du)為準春(chun)(chun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)立(li)即(ji)定(ding)干(gan)；秋(qiu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗翌(yi)年春(chun)(chun)季(ji)萌芽前定(ding)干(gan)。定(ding)干(gan)后(hou)，采(cai)取(qu)適(shi)當措施保護剪(jian)口。

②土(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)水(shui)管理(li)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)管理(li)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)：分為擴穴深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)和全園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，每年(nian)秋(qiu)季果(guo)實(shi)采收后結合秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)進行(xing)。擴穴深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為在(zai)定植穴外(wai)(wai)挖環(huan)(huan)狀(zhuang)溝，溝寬80cm，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm左右。全園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為將栽植穴外(wai)(wai)的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全部深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)回填時混(hun)以(yi)(yi)土(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)底(di)層，底(di)土(tu)(tu)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)上層，使根土(tu)(tu)密(mi)接。清耕制果(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)長季降(jiang)雨后，及時中(zhong)(zhong)耕松土(tu)(tu)，保持(chi)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松無雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)。中(zhong)(zhong)耕深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度5cm-10cm，以(yi)(yi)利調溫(wen)保墑。覆草(cao)(cao)(cao)和埋(mai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)：覆草(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)春季進行(xing)。覆蓋(gai)(gai)材料可以(yi)(yi)用(yong)麥(mai)秸、麥(mai)糠、玉米秸、干草(cao)(cao)(cao)等(deng)。把覆蓋(gai)(gai)物覆蓋(gai)(gai)在(zai)樹(shu)冠(guan)下(xia)，厚(hou)度10cm-15cm，上面壓少(shao)量(liang)土(tu)(tu)、連覆3-4年(nian)后淺翻(fan)1次。也可結合深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)開(kai)大(da)溝埋(mai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)，提(ti)高(gao)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)力(li)和蓄水(shui)能力(li)。種植綠肥(fei)(fei)和行(xing)間生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao):行(xing)間提(ti)倡(chang)間作(zuo)三葉草(cao)(cao)(cao)、毛(mao)葉苕子、扁葉黃芪(qi)等(deng)綠肥(fei)(fei)作(zuo)物，通過翻(fan)壓，覆蓋(gai)(gai)和漚制等(deng)方法(fa)將其(qi)轉變為石榴園(yuan)(yuan)有機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)。有灌溉條(tiao)件的石榴園(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)倡(chang)行(xing)間生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao)制。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)原則(ze)：追施(shi)(shi)(shi)腐熟土(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)，以(yi)(yi)保持(chi)或(huo)增加土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)力(li)及土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)(sheng)物活(huo)性(xing)。所施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的肥(fei)(fei)料不應對(dui)果(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境和果(guo)實(shi)品質產生(sheng)(sheng)不良影(ying)響。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)方法(fa)和數量(liang)：秋(qiu)季果(guo)實(shi)采收后到落(luo)葉前施(shi)(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)量(liang)按生(sheng)(sheng)產1kg石榴2kg優質農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)上計算(suan)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)方法(fa)以(yi)(yi)溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為主，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)部位(wei)在(zai)樹(shu)冠(guan)投影(ying)范圍內。溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)為挖放(fang)(fang)射狀(zhuang)溝或(huo)樹(shu)冠(guan)外(wai)(wai)圍控環(huan)(huan)狀(zhuang)溝，溝深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm-80cm；撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為將肥(fei)(fei)料均勻地撒(sa)于樹(shu)冠(guan)下(xia)，并翻(fan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)20cm。

③整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)：定(ding)植(zhi)后即(ji)根據栽(zai)培(pei)密度(du)選定(ding)適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)。800左右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)，具有(you)3個方(fang)位角120度(du)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與地面水平(ping)夾角40-45度(du)，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分別分配(pei)生3-4個側(ce)(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修(xiu)剪(jian)幼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)：根據樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)結(jie)(jie)構，選擇培(pei)養(yang)好(hao)骨(gu)干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)。除(chu)(chu)競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)近(jin)地枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)外(wai)，保(bao)留(liu)定(ding)干(gan)后發(fa)出的(de)所有(you)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個冬季時蔬除(chu)(chu)整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)帶以(yi)下的(de)多(duo)(duo)余枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)用(yong)回縮(suo)到旺(wang)長(chang)(chang)的(de)二次(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)促(cu)長(chang)(chang)方(fang)法，不(bu)在原頭短截(jie)(jie)(jie)。生長(chang)(chang)季拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開角。對輔養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放、開角和(he)疏(shu)除(chu)(chu)其上旺(wang)稍(shao)，控(kong)制生長(chang)(chang)，環割促(cu)進(jin)座果(guo)(guo)(guo)。初果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：繼續培(pei)養(yang)各(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐步培(pei)養(yang)各(ge)類枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。疏(shu)除(chu)(chu)無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)養(yang)以(yi)中(zhong)小枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，長(chang)(chang)勢中(zhong)庸(yong)、二次(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)多(duo)(duo)的(de)營(ying)養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩放，促(cu)進(jin)花結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)；細弱的(de)多(duo)(duo)年生枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)度(du)短截(jie)(jie)(jie)，更新(xin)復(fu)(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)。以(yi)輕(qing)剪(jian)、疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，去強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)中(zhong)庸(yong)偏(pian)弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去直(zhi)(zhi)立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)水平(ping)斜生枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去病(bing)蟲(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)健壯(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多(duo)(duo)疏(shu)少截(jie)(jie)(jie)或不(bu)截(jie)(jie)(jie)，變向、緩剪(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)中(zhong)庸(yong)開張結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)好(hao)。加強生長(chang)(chang)季節修(xiu)剪(jian)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：以(yi)疏(shu)除(chu)(chu)無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲(chong)枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，培(pei)養(yang)以(yi)中(zhong)小為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)健壯(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，調節結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)，合理負載(zai)。結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組及時更新(xin)復(fu)(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)，掌握結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)筷(kuai)子粗細，結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間要保(bao)持一定(ding)距離，防(fang)止(zhi)交叉、重疊。強旺(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)中(zhong)庸(yong)健壯(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分別采(cai)取以(yi)“控(kong)”、“促(cu)”和(he)“保(bao)”為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)修(xiu)剪(jian)措施，使樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體穩定(ding)健壯(zhuang)。更新(xin)復(fu)(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)：以(yi)縮(suo)剪(jian)更新(xin)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，對衰(shuai)弱的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重回縮(suo)1/3-1/2，剪(jian)口(kou)保(bao)留(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。新(xin)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)出后，根據樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)要求整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)。如果(guo)(guo)(guo)骨(gu)干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已干(gan)枯(ku)死亡，地面有(you)健壯(zhuang)萌(meng)蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，也可將原骨(gu)干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從基部鋸除(chu)(chu)，利用(yong)根際萌(meng)蘗整(zheng)形(xing)(xing)，培(pei)養(yang)新(xin)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)。對衰(shuai)老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)用(yong)“去舊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去遠枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)近(jin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去斜生、水平(ping)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)直(zhi)(zhi)立強旺(wang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)復(fu)(fu)(fu)壯(zhuang)措施。

④疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)授粉(fen)：采用人工(gong)授粉(fen)，蜜蜂或壁峰傳粉(fen)等方(fang)法提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實整齊(qi)度。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)：石榴的(de)花(hua)(hua)量(liang)大，不完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)占極大比例，開花(hua)(hua)對營(ying)養消耗甚多(duo)(duo)(duo)，及時(shi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)不完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)，在(zai)花(hua)(hua)蕾能分辨完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)時(shi)進行，越(yue)(yue)早越(yue)(yue)好。第三(san)茬(cha)的(de)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)在(zai)一(yi)、二(er)茬(cha)坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已達負(fu)荷量(liang)時(shi)也疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)掉。從可識別花(hua)(hua)時(shi)開始(shi)每10天(tian)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1次(ci)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)采用多(duo)(duo)(duo)留(liu)頭花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，選留(liu)二(er)次(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)三(san)次(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)方(fang)法，強樹、強枝(zhi)應多(duo)(duo)(duo)留(liu)，弱(ruo)樹弱(ruo)枝(zhi)少留(liu)。弱(ruo)樹骨干枝(zhi)頭部不留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。上層多(duo)(duo)(duo)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)少留(liu)，內、下層少疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)留(liu)。花(hua)(hua)前環(huan)(huan)割和花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)摘除旺(wang)(wang)梢：花(hua)(hua)前（5月初）在(zai)旺(wang)(wang)樹主干或主枝(zhi)，大輔養枝(zhi)上環(huan)(huan)割兩道，提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)。在(zai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)和幼(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)次(ci)抹除背上旺(wang)(wang)梢，提高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和減輕落花(hua)(hua)落果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。

⑤病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治石榴樹(shu)為(wei)多年生(sheng)高(gao)大植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，病害(hai)較少發生(sheng)。防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治原則：遵照(zhao)植(zhi)保(bao)方(fang)針，預防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)主(zhu)，綜合防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治。防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治措施(shi)以農(nong)業(ye)和(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治為(wei)主(zhu)，生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治為(wei)核心，按照(zhao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)發生(sheng)規(gui)律和(he)(he)經(jing)濟閾(yu)值(zhi)，有效控(kong)制病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)危害(hai)。農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治：采取剪(jian)除(chu)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝、消除(chu)枯枝落葉、刮(gua)除(chu)樹(shu)干(gan)翹裂皮、翻(fan)樹(shu)盤、科學(xue)施(shi)肥等措施(shi)抑制病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)發生(sheng)。將剪(jian)除(chu)的(de)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝和(he)(he)消除(chu)的(de)枯枝落葉、刮(gua)除(chu)的(de)樹(shu)干(gan)翹裂皮運(yun)出果園并(bing)焚燒，燒凈、燒透。物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治：根據害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)特性，采取糖醋液、樹(shu)干(gan)纏草繩和(he)(he)黑光(guang)燈等方(fang)法(fa)誘殺(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治：人工釋放赤眼(yan)蜂(feng)，助遷(qian)和(he)(he)保(bao)護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、草蛉、捕食螨等天敵，利用昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性外(wai)激素誘殺(sha)或(huo)干(gan)擾成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)交配。

4、產品(pin)(pin)收獲：根(gen)據果實成熟(shu)度(du)、用途和(he)市場需求綜合確(que)定采(cai)收適(shi)期。成熟(shu)期不一致的品(pin)(pin)種，應分(fen)期采(cai)收。

5、生產記錄要(yao)求：嶧城(cheng)石榴的(de)生產環(huan)節要(yao)規(gui)范操作(zuo)，要(yao)求嚴格記錄，并建檔保(bao)存(cun)。

六(liu).包裝標識相(xiang)關規定

1、分(fen)級：對交售的產品進行挑選，清除(chu)觀感較差的果子，去除(chu)果蒂。

2、包裝：包裝物(wu)為專用紙箱(xiang)。裝箱(xiang)前認真填寫品(pin)名、規格、凈重、產地(di)、檢驗(yan)員(yuan)、日期、收貨(huo)人、批(pi)號。用膠袋封口機封箱(xiang)。

3、標識：原料收獲專用包裝標簽填寫(xie)：品名、規格、數量(liang)、產(chan)地(di)、檢驗(yan)(yan)員、日期(qi)、收貨人、批號(hao)。裝箱(xiang)時填寫(xie)生產(chan)記錄(lu)，認真記錄(lu):品名、生產(chan)日期(qi)、數量(liang)、生產(chan)負責(ze)人、檢驗(yan)(yan)員、原料批號(hao)等。

4、貯藏：分級包(bao)裝號(hao)的(de)產品應存放在指定(ding)的(de)倉庫或恒溫(wen)庫(5℃)，以防(fang)損壞，并加(jia)以標識(shi)。貯存區域要清潔(jie)，環境適宜，物品擺放整齊有序，定(ding)期(qi)檢查庫存情況，貫徹(che)先(xian)進先(xian)出的(de)原則。