一.產品介紹
乳(ru)山市位于膠東半島東南端(duan),北(bei)緯(wei)37°沿線。乳(ru)山綠茶(cha)(cha)是(shi)五十(shi)年代山東省“南茶(cha)(cha)北(bei)引”試種茶(cha)(cha)樹示范區(qu)之(zhi)一(yi),現(xian)有(you)茶(cha)(cha)園面積近萬畝,是(shi)北(bei)方成功種植緯(wei)度(du)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)面積最(zui)大的(de)(de)區(qu)域,而(er)被譽(yu)為“極北(bei)茶(cha)(cha)”。乳(ru)山綠茶(cha)(cha)種植因緯(wei)度(du)高(gao)(gao)、氣(qi)溫(wen)較(jiao)低、晝夜溫(wen)差大,鮮葉中葉綠素、蛋白(bai)質(zhi),多(duo)酚類物質(zhi)含量高(gao)(gao),干茶(cha)(cha)色澤、湯(tang)色和葉底均(jun)綠亮、品(pin)質(zhi)好。綠茶(cha)(cha)葉片(pian)肥厚、茶(cha)(cha)葉香氣(qi)高(gao)(gao)、滋味(wei)濃郁、耐(nai)沖泡、湯(tang)色嫩綠明(ming)亮、并帶有(you)獨(du)特的(de)(de)板栗香,質(zhi)量顯著(zhu)高(gao)(gao)于南方地(di)區(qu)同(tong)類茶(cha)(cha)產品(pin),在北(bei)方茶(cha)(cha)葉市場(chang)享有(you)盛譽(yu),成為高(gao)(gao)檔綠茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)佼(jiao)(jiao)佼(jiao)(jiao)者。
二.自然生態環境和人文(wen)歷(li)史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況:乳山(shan)屬(shu)膠東低(di)山(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)區,山(shan)丘(qiu)起伏和(he)緩(huan),溝(gou)壑縱橫交錯(cuo)。東、西兩側和(he)北部(bu)多低(di)山(shan),間(jian)有(you)(you)山(shan)地(di)(di)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)、平原三類(lei)地(di)(di)貌(mao),地(di)(di)勢呈簸箕狀由(you)北向南臺(tai)階式(shi)下降(jiang)。境內山(shan)地(di)(di)平均海(hai)拔300米(mi)以(yi)上,占總面積的(de)22.4%;丘(qiu)陵(ling)海(hai)拔100~300米(mi),占50.3%;平原占27.3%。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)型多樣,有(you)(you)棕壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)、潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)、褐(he)土(tu)(tu)、鹽土(tu)(tu)4個土(tu)(tu)類(lei)、8個亞類(lei)、15個屬(shu)類(lei)、153個土(tu)(tu)種。其(qi)中棕壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)分布(bu)最廣,可利用面積180萬畝。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)(you)機質含量5-15g/kg之間(jian),ph值平均5.2,土(tu)(tu)體深厚,質地(di)(di)較好,保(bao)供性(xing)能好,富(fu)含鋅(xin)、鐵、硼、鈣、鎂、鉬等(deng)微量元素。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):乳山(shan)(shan)(shan)域(yu)內(nei)河(he)網較發達(da),中小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)(liu)眾多,共有大(da)小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)(liu)393條,河(he)流(liu)(liu)分屬乳山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)、黃(huang)壘河(he)兩大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系和(he)南部沿海直接(jie)入海河(he)流(liu)(liu)。乳山(shan)(shan)(shan)河(he)為(wei)境內(nei)第一(yi)大(da)河(he),全長65公里,流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積954.3平方(fang)(fang)公里。大(da)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫龍(long)角(jiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫總庫容1.11億立方(fang)(fang)米,為(wei)乳山(shan)(shan)(shan)最大(da)淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源。常年平均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總量5.05億立方(fang)(fang)米,地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流(liu)(liu)量4.64億立方(fang)(fang)米,地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)儲(chu)量1.49億立方(fang)(fang)米。地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質大(da)部分在(zai)1~3級內(nei),呈中性或(huo)弱堿(jian)性(PH值7~8),硬度(du)為(wei)4.2~8.4德國度(du)之(zhi)間。地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)化(hua)學性主要為(wei)重(zhong)碳酸鹽(yan)類水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),礦化(hua)度(du)均小(xiao)于1克/升(sheng),屬淡(dan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質達(da)到國家Ⅱ類標準,適合(he)飲(yin)用和(he)農田灌溉。
3、氣候(hou)情況:乳山地(di)處暖溫(wen)帶季(ji)風(feng)型大陸(lu)性氣候(hou),四季(ji)變化(hua)和季(ji)風(feng)進退明顯(xian),具有(you)氣候(hou)溫(wen)和,雨水(shui)(shui)充(chong)沛,光照(zhao)充(chong)足,無(wu)霜期長的特(te)點。全(quan)市(shi)年平均(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)813毫米,年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)11.6℃,年平均(jun)(jun)相對濕度70%,年平均(jun)(jun)日照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)為2635.5小(xiao)時(shi),年無(wu)霜期206天,空(kong)氣質量(liang)呈(cheng)“良好”水(shui)(shui)平,人均(jun)(jun)綠化(hua)面積18平方米。乳山地(di)理位置優越,依山傍海,空(kong)氣潔凈,冬無(wu)嚴寒,夏無(wu)酷暑,除個別年份需(xu)要注意茶(cha)樹(shu)越冬問題,其他氣候(hou)條(tiao)件均(jun)(jun)有(you)利于茶(cha)樹(shu)的生長。
4、人(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)情況:乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),因境內坐落于(yu)南(nan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濱渾圓(yuan)挺拔(ba)、頂(ding)峰突起、狀如母(mu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)而(er)得名(ming)。早(zao)(zao)在(zai)唐朝時(shi),日本高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)僧圓(yuan)仁所(suo)撰《入(ru)唐求(qiu)法(fa)巡(xun)禮行(xing)(xing)(xing)記(ji)(ji)(ji)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai):“二(er)十(shi)六日,早(zao)(zao)朝云(yun)霧微霽,望(wang)見乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),近在(zai)西(xi)方(fang),風起東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei),懸帆而(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。巳(si)時(shi),到乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)浦,泊船停住,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)島(dao)相(xiang)衛,如垣周圍(wei)。其乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti),峻(jun)峰高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)穎(ying),頂(ding)上(shang)如峰,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)根自嶺(ling)下而(er)指(zhi)六方(fang)”。可見乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)稱由(you)來(lai)已(yi)久(jiu)。大(da)(da)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)被當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)人(ren)(ren)尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)“母(mu)親山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”,在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)潺(chan)潺(chan)流動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)溪(xi),溪(xi)水像乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)汁(zhi)般(ban)流淌著(zhu),蜿蜒長流,綿(mian)綿(mian)不絕(jue),哺育著(zhu)勤(qin)勞樸實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren)(ren)。相(xiang)傳(chuan)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)溪(xi)兩(liang)岸是乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)源地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。《乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)溪(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai),全真(zhen)(zhen)道崳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)派(pai)創(chuang)始人(ren)(ren)王(wang)玉陽(現乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)馮(feng)家(jia)鎮(zhen)人(ren)(ren),至今仍留有(you)(you)玉虛觀遺址)曾云(yun)游至此,見當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)瘟疫流行(xing)(xing)(xing),人(ren)(ren)們(men)承(cheng)受著(zhu)疾(ji)病(bing)折(zhe)磨,便傳(chuan)授人(ren)(ren)們(men)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu),取泉水烹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)飲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)驅火除瘴,清(qing)(qing)心(xin)散氣,去脹止煩,并(bing)解一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)雜(za)癥。美麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo),悠久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi),使乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化源遠(yuan)流長。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)變遷(qian),與整(zheng)個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)脈相(xiang)承(cheng)緊密相(xiang)連。早(zao)(zao)在(zai)3000多年(nian)前(qian),我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先就開(kai)始栽(zai)(zai)培和(he)利(li)用(yong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)了(le)。歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)上(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)就有(you)(you)飲茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習(xi)俗,也有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)。《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)資(zi)料選輯》據竺可楨(zhen)研究和(he)有(you)(you)關考(kao)古(gu)(gu)資(zi)料,指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)四、五千(qian)年(nian)前(qian)黃河中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下游地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)氣候濕熱,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)關于(yu)上(shang)古(gu)(gu)時(shi)期這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)是有(you)(you)可能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。唐朝楊曄在(zai)《膳夫錄》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai):“茗系鹽鐵,管(guan)榷(que)存焉。今江夏(xia)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong),淮、海(hai)(hai)(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)皆(jie)有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。“海(hai)(hai)(hai)”,舊指(zhi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)州,唐屬河南(nan)道,又稱東(dong)(dong)(dong)海(hai)(hai)(hai)郡,包括(kuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)半島(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)”。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)史(shi)志(zhi)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai),唐、明(ming)(ming)時(shi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)與外(wai)埠(bu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)物資(zi)交流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)口岸,繅絲(si)、制(zhi)(zhi)鹽、釀造、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)等工(gong)農業(ye)已(yi)較發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)達。至清(qing)(qing)末(mo),夏(xia)村、乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口等地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)商賈(jia)云(yun)集、店鋪林立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商貿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。另據地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)志(zhi)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)元、明(ming)(ming)時(shi)期,昆崳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)曾設有(you)(you)管(guan)理(li)(li)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機構“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)場提舉”,主管(guan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)務。昆崳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)40公里(li)。由(you)此可見,乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)栽(zai)(zai)培利(li)用(yong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)淵源可究。新(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)成立后(hou),隨著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)民生活水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日益提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),人(ren)(ren)們(men)對(dui)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)供(gong)用(yong)十(shi)分緊缺。因此五十(shi)年(nian)代開(kai)始,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)組織地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)“南(nan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)北(bei)(bei)(bei)引”。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)做(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)半島(dao)首批“南(nan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)北(bei)(bei)(bei)引”試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)示(shi)范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),經過不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)技(ji)術改(gai)進和(he)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)改(gai)良(liang)(liang),逐步(bu)形成了(le)耐嚴寒、病(bing)蟲害較少、宜管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,成為(wei)(wei)(wei)“南(nan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)北(bei)(bei)(bei)引”最(zui)成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),結束了(le)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)無茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)。在(zai)后(hou)來(lai)實踐過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)繼(ji)續(xu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)移,但都以(yi)(yi)失敗告(gao)終(zhong)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)不過北(bei)(bei)(bei)緯(wei)(wei)(wei)38度(du)線,已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)所(suo)共識。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處北(bei)(bei)(bei)緯(wei)(wei)(wei)36°41′至37°08′,是“南(nan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)北(bei)(bei)(bei)引”北(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)成功種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)緯(wei)(wei)(wei)度(du)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域,而(er)被譽(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“極(ji)北(bei)(bei)(bei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”。現在(zai)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)白(bai)沙灘(tan)鎮(zhen)稗子劉家(jia)、乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寨鎮(zhen)小(xiao)管(guan)村仍生長著(zhu)大(da)(da)片古(gu)(gu)老茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu),枝繁葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)茂,已(yi)有(you)(you)50年(nian)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)了(le),是乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)現存最(zui)古(gu)(gu)老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)緯(wei)(wei)(wei)度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、氣溫(wen)較低(di)、晝夜(ye)溫(wen)差大(da)(da)、生長期長,鮮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)綠(lv)素、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),多酚類物質(zhi)含量(liang)較低(di),干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)色澤(ze)、湯色和(he)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)底均(jun)綠(lv)亮、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好(hao)。因此,乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類主要(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片肥厚、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)香氣高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、滋味濃郁、耐沖泡、湯色嫩綠(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮、并(bing)帶(dai)(dai)有(you)(you)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)板栗香,質(zhi)量(liang)顯著(zhu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)南(nan)方(fang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)同(tong)類茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)品(pin)(pin),在(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)(shi)場享有(you)(you)盛譽(yu)(yu),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)檔綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佼(jiao)佼(jiao)者。在(zai)上(shang)個世紀70年(nian)代山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)省舉辦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全省茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)評比中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),“乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”在(zai)眾多茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)脫(tuo)穎(ying)而(er)出(chu)(chu),綜合品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)排名(ming)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。近年(nian)來(lai),乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)消費需(xu)求(qiu)越(yue)(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),其具有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi),來(lai)自于(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)緯(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),遠(yuan)離茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),各類病(bing)蟲害發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生率低(di),綠(lv)色、生態、環保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)飲品(pin)(pin)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)消費新(xin)寵。同(tong)時(shi),由(you)于(yu)各級黨委(wei)政(zheng)府的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)重(zhong)(zhong)視,乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)進入(ru)了(le)快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)期,做(zuo)(zuo)大(da)(da)做(zuo)(zuo)強茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)業(ye),推動區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域經濟快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),被市(shi)(shi)委(wei)市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府列為(wei)(wei)(wei)“十(shi)大(da)(da)”富民產(chan)業(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)了(le)產(chan)業(ye)規劃,制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)有(you)(you)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)措施,加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)扶持力度(du),突出(chu)(chu)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)建設,致力于(yu)打造“緯(wei)(wei)(wei)度(du)極(ji)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、煙威(wei)最(zui)大(da)(da)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)現有(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)10余家(jia),規模較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)威(wei)茗、極(ji)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、正華(hua)農林科技(ji)示(shi)范園、良(liang)(liang)霖曉真(zhen)(zhen)生態茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園、林德、鳳(feng)凰(huang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、春茗茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)場等,通過綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)4家(jia),有(you)(you)機認證(zheng)1家(jia),注冊了(le)商標,形成了(le)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)帶(dai)(dai)動,規模、效益良(liang)(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)局面(mian)。
三.地域范圍
乳(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)處山(shan)東(dong)半島東(dong)南端,地(di)(di)(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標為東(dong)經(jing)121°11′00″~121°51′00″,北(bei)緯36°41′00″~37°08′00″。東(dong)鄰文登市,西毗(pi)海(hai)陽市,北(bei)接(jie)煙臺市牟平區,南瀕(bin)黃(huang)(huang)海(hai)。南北(bei)縱長48公里(li)、東(dong)西橫(heng)寬(kuan)60公里(li),總面積1668平方(fang)公里(li),耕地(di)(di)(di)總資源85.6萬畝。乳(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)綠茶產自乳(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)市白沙灘、大孤山(shan)、徐家、南黃(huang)(huang)、馮家、下初、午極、崖(ya)子、諸往、乳(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)寨、乳(ru)(ru)(ru)山(shan)口、夏村、海(hai)陽所(suo)、育黎、城區辦事處等。現有茶園面積10000畝,年產茶葉500噸(dun),茶葉均為名優茶。
四.產(chan)品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征
1、外在感官(guan)特征:乳(ru)山(shan)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)片肥厚,色(se)(se)澤(ze)(ze)翠綠(lv)(lv),所制綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)其干茶(cha)(cha)色(se)(se)澤(ze)(ze)、湯(tang)(tang)色(se)(se)和(he)葉(xie)(xie)底均綠(lv)(lv)亮(liang)。高檔春茶(cha)(cha)沖泡后形似蘭花(hua),芽葉(xie)(xie)完整(zheng)(zheng),具有很高的觀賞(shang)價值。卷(juan)(juan)曲(qu)形茶(cha)(cha)條(tiao)索卷(juan)(juan)曲(qu)、緊(jin)結、勻(yun)(yun)整(zheng)(zheng);不同級別茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)色(se)(se)澤(ze)(ze)從翠綠(lv)(lv)到(dao)墨綠(lv)(lv),湯(tang)(tang)色(se)(se)從嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang),不渾(hun)濁,滋味濃醇,葉(xie)(xie)底從嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)。扁(bian)形茶(cha)(cha)光扁(bian)平(ping)直,不同級別茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)從光滑到(dao)扁(bian)平(ping),色(se)(se)澤(ze)(ze)從嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv),勻(yun)(yun)整(zheng)(zheng)潔凈,栗香(xiang)濃郁,滋味醇厚,湯(tang)(tang)色(se)(se)從嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang),葉(xie)(xie)底從嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)到(dao)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)亮(liang)。針形茶(cha)(cha)扁(bian)平(ping)挺直,綠(lv)(lv)潤勻(yun)(yun)齊(qi),栗香(xiang)高而持久,湯(tang)(tang)色(se)(se)嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)清澈(che)滋味鮮醇爽扣(kou),葉(xie)(xie)底嫩(nen)綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)均勻(yun)(yun)。?
2、內在品質指標:乳山(shan)綠(lv)(lv)茶香(xiang)(xiang)氣高(gao)(gao)、滋味濃郁、耐(nai)沖泡、湯(tang)色嫩綠(lv)(lv)明(ming)(ming)亮(liang)、并帶(dai)有獨特的(de)板栗香(xiang)(xiang),回味甘醇,且具有豐富的(de)維生素、礦(kuang)物(wu)質和微(wei)量(liang)元素。乳山(shan)綠(lv)(lv)茶富含(han)多種(zhong)(zhong)營養(yang)(yang)成分(fen),各(ge)項(xiang)檢測(ce)指標均(jun)在規定(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)以上,含(han)量(liang)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)南方茶。水(shui)浸(jin)出物(wu)≥34.0%、茶多酚為(wei)≥20.0%、咖啡堿≥3.2%,氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)總和≥25.0%,各(ge)項(xiang)檢測(ce)指標明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)優(you)于(yu)其(qi)他綠(lv)(lv)茶,對(dui)人體(ti)具有較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)營養(yang)(yang)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)和解(jie)毒消(xiao)炎、清(qing)熱降(jiang)(jiang)火、提(ti)神(shen)醒(xing)腦等(deng)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)保健功能(neng)。對(dui)人體(ti)具有較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)營養(yang)(yang)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)和解(jie)毒消(xiao)炎、清(qing)熱降(jiang)(jiang)火、提(ti)神(shen)醒(xing)腦等(deng)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)保健功能(neng),深受廣大(da)消(xiao)費者喜(xi)愛。?
3、安全要求(qiu):乳山綠茶必須達到農業部《綠色(se)食品茶葉(xie)》NY/T288-2002的衛生指標(biao)。