產品外觀特征
新津黃(huang)(huang)辣丁屬鲇形目(Siluriformes),鲿科(ke)(Bagridae),分屬黃(huang)(huang)顙魚屬(Pelteobagrus)。具有體長,頭大且扁(bian)平,吻圓(yuan)鈍,眼(yan)小,須4對,背鰭不分支,鰭條為(wei)硬刺,后緣(yuan)有鋸(ju)齒,胸鰭硬刺發達,尾鰭深叉形,體背部(bu)黑褐(he)色,體側黃(huang)(huang)色的(de)黃(huang)(huang)顙魚共性。
生長地域特征
(一(yi))地(di)(di)(di)理環境:新津區地(di)(di)(di)處成(cheng)都(dou)平(ping)原(yuan)南部,岷江(jiang)流域(yu)中(zhong)游,距(ju)成(cheng)都(dou)市區38公(gong)里,地(di)(di)(di)跨東(dong)經103°41′13″~103°06′59″、北緯30°19′49″~30°31′32″,東(dong)連雙流,西接邛崍、大邑,南鄰彭山,北毗崇州,幅員面積(ji)(ji)331平(ping)方公(gong)里,境內“一(yi)水兩丘(qiu)七成(cheng)壩”,水域(yu)面積(ji)(ji)占全縣總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)10%,以平(ping)原(yuan)為主,兼有(you)淺丘(qiu),地(di)(di)(di)勢平(ping)緩,屬典型(xing)的(de)平(ping)原(yuan)型(xing)地(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)貌。
(二)水(shui)域特征(zheng):新津五河(he)匯流(liu),南河(he)、西河(he)、金馬(ma)河(he)、羊(yang)馬(ma)河(he)和楊(yang)柳河(he),在新津境(jing)內匯聚(ju)后(hou)匯入(ru)岷江干流(liu),水(shui)域廣闊,水(shui)源豐富,水(shui)網密布(bu),河(he)流(liu)過境(jing)水(shui)量(liang)約(yue)107.73億立方米(mi),全縣宜漁(yu)水(shui)域面積(ji)共計5.5萬(wan)畝,人(ren)工養殖(zhi)水(shui)面1.23萬(wan)畝,水(shui)質(zhi)清新,無污染,年平均水(shui)溫15℃,PH值在6.5至7.5之間,溶(rong)解氧6.7mg/L,是水(shui)產養殖(zhi)的最佳水(shui)源。水(shui)生(sheng)生(sheng)物、天然餌料生(sheng)長旺盛,特別適合魚(yu)類生(sheng)長。
(三)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)特點:新津(jin)區(qu)屬(shu)亞(ya)熱(re)帶濕(shi)潤季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou),四(si)季(ji)分明、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和(he),春季(ji)陽光明媚,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)回升快;夏(xia)季(ji)陽光充足,降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)集中,無酷暑(shu)、最熱(re)月平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)25.8℃,極端最高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)僅為(wei)37℃;秋高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)爽,冬季(ji)無嚴寒,降(jiang)雪罕見,年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)16.6℃,平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年總降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)954mm;平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年總日照時(shi)數1011小時(shi);年均(jun)相(xiang)對濕(shi)度83%;>0℃的年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)積溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)6085℃;平(ping)(ping)均(jun)無霜期長達309天;年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)晴天數達219天。其溫(wen)(wen)和(he)、舒(shu)適的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)最適宜(yi)新津(jin)黃辣丁生(sheng)長。
歷史淵源
新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)區于(yu)北(bei)周孝閔(min)帝元(yuan)年(557年)建縣,因“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)渡口”而名“新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)區”。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)自(zi)古(gu)漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)發達(da),在新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)區安西鎮(zhen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)合村出(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)漢代畫(hua)像磚珍(zhen)品<弋射·收獲>和(he)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)漢代崖墓(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)陶(tao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)鷹(ying)圖(tu)向我們再現了漢代新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)狀(zhuang)況,陸游“日暮樓(lou)臺(tai)憑(ping)欄望(wang),漁(yu)(yu)帆點(dian)點(dian)映(ying)夕暉”的(de)(de)詩(shi)句向我們描繪了宋(song)代新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)盛況。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)盛產各(ge)種魚(yu)(yu)(yu)類,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)出(chu)(chu)名的(de)(de)就是新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)民間傳說黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)是一名叫黃(huang)果(guo)子的(de)(de)美麗姑(gu)娘為(wei)醫治老(lao)百姓疾病而自(zi)己投河(he)變成的(de)(de)一種青黃(huang)色無鱗小(xiao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)。在新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)東漢崖墓(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)了許多珍(zhen)貴的(de)(de)殉葬器物,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)多的(de)(de)便(bian)是長約(yue)3、4寸的(de)(de)紅陶(tao)質黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)(yu),可見新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)人(ren)民對黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)喜愛(ai),也映(ying)襯了黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)與新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)人(ren)民生活久遠的(de)(de)文化淵源。北(bei)宋(song)文學(xue)家蘇(su)轍每(mei)次(ci)路(lu)過新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)不僅要品嘗當地(di)黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding),還要親(qin)自(zi)釣(diao)黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding),“爨煙(yan)慘淡浮(fu)潛浦,魚(yu)(yu)(yu)艇縱橫逐釣(diao)筒(tong)”便(bian)是詩(shi)人(ren)描寫用專門垂(chui)釣(diao)黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)“釣(diao)筒(tong)”親(qin)自(zi)泛舟南河(he),垂(chui)釣(diao)黃(huang)辣(la)(la)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)情景。
新(xin)(xin)(xin)津黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)河(he)鮮美食(shi)歷史悠久。新(xin)(xin)(xin)津自古是(shi)(shi)長江上游(you)重要的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)運交通樞(shu)紐和(he)川(chuan)西平原的(de)(de)(de)重要物資(zi)、人(ren)流集(ji)散地,南來北(bei)往的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)只經過新(xin)(xin)(xin)津段時,船(chuan)夫們(men)(men)總喜歡從(cong)河(he)里撈起幾條黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)魚,舀一瓢河(he)水(shui),將魚與米飯(fan)同煮(zhu),名(ming)曰黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)飯(fan)、黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)粥,不要任何佐料(liao)(liao)也(ye)非常鮮香(xiang)、味(wei)美可口,若是(shi)(shi)將黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)加入蔥(cong)、姜、蒜(suan)、辣(la)(la)(la)椒、花椒、食(shi)鹽等普通佐料(liao)(liao),經過簡單烹調其濃(nong)郁的(de)(de)(de)鮮香(xiang)美味(wei)便是(shi)(shi)船(chuan)夫們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)最愛。途經新(xin)(xin)(xin)津的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)們(men)(men)也(ye)一定會品嘗地道的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding),為旅途增添(tian)無窮的(de)(de)(de)回味(wei)。據(ju)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津舊(jiu)縣志(zhi)記(ji)載,清末四川(chuan)保路運動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)風云人(ren)物、南路同志(zhi)軍總指揮侯寶齋,從(cong)資(zi)中羅泉井領(ling)受相機發動(dong)(dong)武裝暴動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)回到新(xin)(xin)(xin)津。他巧借60壽筵之名(ming),安排暴動(dong)(dong)事宜。在(zai)(zai)盛大的(de)(de)(de)生日宴會上以新(xin)(xin)(xin)津招牌菜——水(shui)煮(zhu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)招待貴客。從(cong)此(ci),水(shui)煮(zhu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)津黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)更加名(ming)聲遠播,逐漸成為風靡全(quan)成都(dou)、全(quan)四川(chuan)乃至全(quan)國的(de)(de)(de)一道名(ming)菜,在(zai)(zai)全(quan)國各地都(dou)有以“新(xin)(xin)(xin)津黃(huang)辣(la)(la)(la)丁(ding)”為名(ming)命名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)菜品和(he)餐館。
特產發展前景
改革開(kai)放以(yi)來,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)餐飲市場(chang)對黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)需(xu)求,催(cui)生了新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖業的(de)(de)迅(xun)猛發(fa)展。縣委、縣政(zheng)(zheng)府根據本縣區域優勢,于1998年(nian)(nian)把新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)馴養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、繁(fan)育作為(wei)“一(yi)縣一(yi)品(pin)”的(de)(de)重(zhong)點開(kai)發(fa)對象(xiang),進行新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)馴化和(he)繁(fan)育工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。通(tong)過十余年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)努力,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)繁(fan)殖、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖取(qu)得可喜成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)績,縣水(shui)(shui)電(dian)局《黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)顙魚(yu)(yu)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)馴養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)繁(fan)育技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)究》獲(huo)四川(chuan)省水(shui)(shui)利廳2000年(nian)(nian)度科(ke)技(ji)(ji)進步(bu)二等(deng)獎(jiang);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)區“萬(wan)畝億元(yuan)”水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程被成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)市人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府評為(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)市第四屆金橋工(gong)(gong)(gong)程優秀獎(jiang);2007年(nian)(nian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)紅石良種漁場(chang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)獲(huo)首屆中(zhong)國成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)國際(ji)農(nong)(nong)業博覽會金獎(jiang)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖產(chan)(chan)業從無到有形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了繁(fan)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、供、銷一(yi)條龍綜合產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian),培育兩家漁業科(ke)技(ji)(ji)公司專門從事新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)苗的(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)、引進和(he)繁(fan)育,年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)魚(yu)(yu)苗2億尾(wei),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西南最大(da)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)繁(fan)殖基地。水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)行政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)門組織專業公司、漁場(chang)、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)骨干,在全縣開(kai)展黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖技(ji)(ji)術(shu)示范推廣,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)規模化分(fen)段(duan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖,帶動水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖戶2000余戶。發(fa)展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖水(shui)(shui)域面(mian)積2000余畝,2009年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)魚(yu)(yu)1500余噸,實現年(nian)(nian)收(shou)入共計4500萬(wan)元(yuan),被四川(chuan)省水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)局列為(wei)四川(chuan)省主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)商(shang)品(pin)魚(yu)(yu)生產(chan)(chan)基地。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)辣丁(ding)(ding)(ding)水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖業已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)津(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)經濟重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)和(he)農(nong)(nong)民(min)增(zeng)收(shou)致富的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)手段(duan)。
本縣(xian)打造“河(he)鮮美食(shi)(shi)城”,現已建(jian)成主(zhu)營新津黃辣(la)丁(ding)的(de)河(he)鮮美食(shi)(shi)餐館100余家(jia),年(nian)消費新津黃辣(la)丁(ding)1000余噸(dun),年(nian)銷售收入1.5億元。圍繞“新津黃辣(la)丁(ding)”進行的(de)一年(nian)一度的(de)河(he)鮮美食(shi)(shi)節、河(he)鮮啤酒節帶動了新津鄉村休閑旅(lv)游(you)業的(de)繁榮,2009年(nian)接待游(you)客380多萬人次,實現年(nian)旅(lv)游(you)綜(zong)合收入3.5億元。
“新津黃辣丁”綜合(he)產業鏈形成(cheng)相互促進(jin),共(gong)同(tong)繁榮(rong)的景象。
發展保護措施
(一)、新(xin)津(jin)黃(huang)辣(la)丁發(fa)展規(gui)劃,配合縣政府“水(shui)城新(xin)津(jin)”綜合規(gui)劃的(de)實施(shi),新(xin)津(jin)區水(shui)產業(ye)計(ji)劃到(dao)(dao)2015年新(xin)建和改(gai)造老舊池塘(tang)共(gong)計(ji)2500畝,使全縣黃(huang)辣(la)丁水(shui)人(ren)工產養殖面積達到(dao)(dao)4000畝,促使漁區人(ren)均年純(chun)收(shou)入(ru)達到(dao)(dao)7000元(yuan),并建設以(yi)(yi)新(xin)津(jin)黃(huang)辣(la)丁為代表的(de)“川西(xi)漁文化民俗村(cun)”,開展以(yi)(yi)“漁”為主題的(de)餐飲文化和漁家歷史文化活動。
(二)、加(jia)強(qiang)科技攻關,確保(bao)新津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣丁的(de)特有品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。本縣計(ji)劃(hua)與四川農業大(da)學水產學院等科研(yan)(yan)單位合(he)作(zuo),從環(huan)境(jing)資源(yuan)和品(pin)種提純等方面進行系統研(yan)(yan)究(jiu),保(bao)持新津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣丁的(de)優良品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)特性。在親(qin)本選(xuan)育、人工孵化、種苗培育和收(shou)購銷售(shou)等環(huan)節上(shang)嚴把(ba)質(zhi)(zhi)量關,確保(bao)新津(jin)(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣丁的(de)優良品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。
(三)在水(shui)產(chan)品(pin)市場和餐館實(shi)(shi)施新(xin)津(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)丁掛牌銷售,進一步提高產(chan)品(pin)的(de)知(zhi)名度(du)。加(jia)強(qiang)對假(jia)冒偽(wei)劣新(xin)津(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)丁打(da)擊力度(du),切(qie)實(shi)(shi)保護新(xin)津(jin)黃(huang)(huang)辣(la)丁品(pin)牌和消費(fei)者利益。